PSY257 7-2 FP EDIT

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1 Society Impacts Mental Illness Ryan Norris Society Impacts Mental Illness Southern New Hampshire University Psy-257, Dr. Canfield Final Project

2 Society Impacts Mental Illness Article 1 Supporting references like this article; “Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma ( Corrigan, 2015)”, that help explain how society views individuals diagnosed or labeled with mental illness. Supporting the claim that society impacts mental illness through the way we interact. This article review helps bring attention to the realm of social psychology and its potential to be wrongfully judged. Using avenues such as protest, education and promoting contact between the public and persons with mental illness helps shine a light on the stigma created (Corrigan, 2015) . The social motives of this article are to bring attention to the stigma of severe mental illness. Also, to recognize that ethnic minority and other group stereotypes need to be considered when implementing strategies to deter the stigma. Studying the social context factor shows that trying to help could be hurtful and harmful to those minorities (Corrigan, 2015). In this article, authors argue using a social motivation technique can reduce stigmatization of persons with severe mental illness. This will be supported using theory and findings from the social psychology literature on stigma reduction for persons of ethnic minorities and other “out-groups”, (Corrigan, 2015). Claiming that reducing the stigmatization of mentally ill patients will provide the patients with a higher quality of life. The correlative studies being looked at regarding the appropriate social thinking are the historical methods used of how to educate the populous. Researchers are looking at different and newer avenues of approach as not all people learn through the same method. Advertising campaigns, in person contact, educational brochures and digital media are different variable methods for distributing educational enlightenment material. Another variable that the researchers are studying is the

3 Society Impacts Mental Illness different responses in women and men. Historically, these variables have been found beneficial in studies from the past. Other studies have shown research indicates that persons who have a better understanding of mental illness are less likely to endorse stigma and discrimination (Corrigan, 2015). Other variables that have been researched are the interaction between the males and females towards the mentally ill. Research supports that women are more likely to be kinder than males. Several research designs were used. Observation, correlational and descriptive were some of the study designs that the researchers used. Researchers examined the mentally ill clients. They researched previous beliefs and stigmas against the mentally ill. Finally, they correlated relationships and personal approaches to reduce the stigma for mentally ill diagnosed individuals. I do believe this article was conducted in an ethical manner because of the respect and openness of the research. When the researchers were looking at previous cases, they had the utmost respect for anonymity. The views of keeping clients or targets information sacred has remained the same throughout the history of the research. The researchers also discredited those who were perpetuating the stereotype to have a more diverse selection. Article 2 Supporting references like this article, "If only I didn't embarrass myself in front of the class!", helps explain how internal thoughts can help us control our personal anxiety. The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between social anxiety (SA) and upward counterfactual thinking (U-CFT), (Monforton, 2012). The researchers wanted to examine how individuals with anxiety related with controlling their thoughts with opposite thinking.

4 Society Impacts Mental Illness Researchers hypothesize that social anxiety stems from beliefs that one is likely to behave incompetently in social situations, be negatively evaluated by others and suffer dire social consequences as a result (Monforton, 2012). Basically, negative thoughts about an individual’s self will lead to the emotional feeling of social anxiety. Social media is ripe with opportunity to negatively impact one’s self-image. The constant comparing and contrasting could turn internal. If this comparison is internalized, regardless of the circumstance, this individual will constantly be comparing themselves to others, providing an even stronger foundation for insecurity to evolve into anxiety. Variable factors being examined regarding appropriate social thinking would include social anxiety, counterfactual thinking and depression (Monforton, 2020). Researchers are using observation methods of examining interactions between those with self-reported issues. Issues consist of counterfactual thoughts, low-anxiety, high-anxiety, depression, perfectionism and rumination. Correlation connection has been found between thought and emotions but specifying and identifying causation is a lot harder. These variables have been studied before and those studies found that anxiety and depression were often correlated. “For instance, Kocovski and colleagues (2005) explored this topic via a similar design; however, the current study adds to this paper by assessing the potential impact of the controllability of an aversive social event on subsequent U-CFT generation and by explicitly measuring potential mediating variables (such as depression) in the association of Social Anxiety and U-CFT. “, (Monforton, 2020).

5 Society Impacts Mental Illness Using a slightly different variable like perfectionism as an indicator of causation. The previous experiments have not been so intricate as to dissect how U-CFT and anxiety are generated. Researchers use and experiment with (n=88; 58 females and 30 males). They observed and manipulated the variables in the experiment. Some of the clients were students that received partial credit while others were paid $10 for their participation. Most of the research that reported on the analysis was completed ethically. I do not believe how they reported the information as ethical. If an experiment is going to be done for a medical purpose to distribute information to assist the public, it needs to be real. For example, these targets were all self-diagnosed. If a report is going to help those with diagnosed anxiety than the experiment should be performed with those who are truly diagnosed by a medical professional. Anyone can say they are anxious and make $10. How does this ethically pertain to someone who is, medically, diagnosed with PTSD? It does not. Article 3 The purpose of this article, “Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child”, is to help present empirical evidence that perinatal mental disorders are associated with increased risk of psychological and developmental disturbances in children (Stein, 2014). With this information the medical field can have a more preventative and informative approach to psychological possibilities during the perinatal stage. New preventions and instructional courses can be developed for those born with mental setbacks. Someone born from a parent with these struggles may be extra vulnerable to the impact society has on their internal ideation. The research with, postnatally, maternal mental disorders might change maternal caregiving. The experiment in animal studies lead to epigenetic changes in offspring. Thus, epigenetic pathways might mediate the association between maternal disorders and child outcomes (Stein, 2014).

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