Personality Theory Analysis

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Allen 1 Personality Theory Analysis Personality Theory Analysis Melissa Allen Psychology 101 Maryville University

Allen 2 Personality Theory Analysis Personality Theory Analysis The individual assortments of behaviors, cognitions and emotional habits that emerge from biological and environmental factors are known as personality. While the perception of personality is not generally agreed upon, most explanations focus on motivation and interpersonal relationships with one's environment. Each individual has his or her own unique behavioral framework, which can attribute to the psychological part of personality. That said, there are different theories that have evolved from observing and examining personality. There are three specific types of theories, often speculated and discussed- psychodynamic theory, humanistic/trait theory, and social cognitive theory, with each possessing its own uniqueness to the world of behavioral studies. In order to understand personality theories, one of the most influential psychologists must be addressed- Sigmund Freud, who developed the idea of psychodynamic theory, in which these are “theories that view personality with a focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences.” (Myers & DeWall, 2018, p. 528) Additionally, his idea of psychoanalysis attempts at getting to attention what occurs at the unconscious or subconscious level. The focus in the psychoanalytic approach is more on the unconscious mind than the conscious mind. It is based on the essential idea that your accomplishments and actions are inclined to be impacted by past experiences rooted in your unconscious mind. (Ackerman, 2019) Freud started a very impactful study of how psychoanalysis. Freud also capitalized on what the “unconscious” was, saying our conscious awareness is literally the tip of the iceberg of the mind.

Allen 3 Personality Theory Analysis Freud also argued that there are interacting systems within the human mind- the id, the ego, and the superego. So, what are they? The id operates according to pure instinct, compulsion and need. “The id’s unconscious psychic energy constantly strives to satisfy the basic drives to survive, reproduce and aggress. The id operates on the pleasure principle ,” (Myers & DeWall, 2018, p. 530) in which the id will seek instantaneous fulfilment. The id has power behind it; however, the ego and superego also play pivotal roles. Cynthia Vinney, a writer for ThoughtCo, writes, “The ego operates from the reality principle , which works to satisfy the id’s desires in the most reasonable and realistic ways.” (Vinney, 2019) The ego is the “largely conscious, executive part of the personality that mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality.” (Myers & DeWall, 2018, p. 530) The ego encompasses our preconceptions, ideas, assumptions and memories, that are partly conscious. Finally, the superego is “the part of the personality that makes moral demands, that guides a person’s spiritual impulses, and that aims for perfection.” (GoodTherapy, LLC., " Superego ", 2015) What is interesting about the superego is that it is technically our “ethical” scope- our conscience . It regulates the ego. Freud’s ideas were logical, but to some they were outlandish. The superego consists of two constituents: the ideal of consciousness and the ideal of ego. The conscious is the part of the superego that forbids unacceptable behaviors and punishes when a person does something they shouldn't do with feelings of guilt. The ideal ego, or perfect self, contains the rules and standards of good behavior to which one ought to adhere. (Vinney, 2019) The superego is morality. Freud’s writings sparked massive discussion and examination. There were other theories developed around the idea of psychodynamic theory. In the 1960’s the uprising of immense behavioral psychology studies, there were many psychologists who believe in the humanistic

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