Lab 11 Special Senses 2015-11-24a (1)

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Special senses Special Senses DATA REPORT Date: ___/___/___ Student’s Name: Sparkle Settles Lab Section: ____________ I. Data and Calculations Chart for Special Senses – Remember to explain in physiological terms After running the chemoreceptor test respond: 1. Where are olfactory receptor cells and taste receptor cells located? (10 points) The olfactory receptor cells are in the nasal cavity. Specifically, the roof of the nasal cavity. Whereas the taste receptors are located on the tongue. 2. Did clipping the nose make any difference in taste sensation? Explain (10 points) Yes, if you were to clip and block your nose, your taste sensations may change. Tastes become bland or some foods may even become tasteless. For example, when we get a cold, and our nasal cavity is blocked we can’t properly taste our food. When the nose is blocked, your tongue doesn’t pick up those taste buds correctly. Taste buds can’t properly distinguish the taste. 3. Explain the difference in sensation with dry and wet tongue. Explain the role of saliva in taste perception. (10 points) Food sensations are more apparent in wet tongue due to the gustatory hairs are stimulated by chemicals that are dissolved by the mucus. Whereas dry tongue food sensations aren’t that apparent. After running the tuning fork test, respond: 4. Describe the hearing process, from sound to brain. What is the name of mechanoreceptor cells involved in hearing and where are they located? (10 points) During the hearing process, when the sound is first generated, the sound waves travel to the ear canal and strike the ear drum. The eardrum will them vibrate and once the vibration is heard it is then passed down to the ossicles. Then, the ossicles amplify the sound and send that sound to the inner ear and cochlea. Once these sounds are sent, the waves are then turned into electrical impulses, which is carried throughout the auditory nerve. This nerve is transmitted through sound from the ear to the brain. The brain translates electrical impulses as sound. Lastly, the mechanoreceptor cells are involved in hearing are the hair cell and they’re located in the Revised: 11/24/2015

Special senses cochlea! 5. How are the sound waves transmitted (in the air)? How is perceived by the hearing system? (10 points) The outer ear are where sound waves are gathered and they then travel down the ear canal and strike the ear drum. The eardrum vibrates and then those vibrations are passed down to the ossicles. These ossicles them amplify the sound and send it to the cochlea and inner ear. 6. Can the subject hear the tuning fork when placed on top of his/her head, even when the ears are closed? What is the explanation for this? (10 points) Yes! I said yes due to them being vibrations and they travel which is then picked up by the membrane and that conducts the hearing to the inner ear. Vibrations of the hair cells are also picked up by the eardrums. After the 3D vision test respond: 7. Was there any difference in placing a small object in the cup with one eye or with both eyes? Why? (10 points) Yes! There was a difference. The depth perception was off due to the individual using their non- dominant eye. When the individual did it with both eyes, they made it very easily. However, with the non-dominant eye it was missed. After running the cotton ball test respond: 8. When and why did the subject stop feeling a cotton ball placed in the palm of his/her hand? (10 points) The subject stopped feeling the cotton ball at 22 seconds because they got used to the cotton ball being there. The nerves being stimulated is why the subject initially felt the cotton ball, but after a while it feels normal. It is a static stimulus. 9. Which receptor was involved in the perception of the cotton ball? Explain . (10 points) Mechanoreceptors, also called tactile receptors. These receptors respond to stimuli, which is what the cotton ball was. In this it was a rapidly adapting mechanoreceptor which are also called hir follicle receptors. After running the two points discrimination test respond: 10. Which location (fingertips, lips, back of the arm) produced the closest two-point discrimination distance? Why? (10 points) The fingertips and lips produced the closest two point discrimination distance, due to there being more sensory receptors in those areas. Bonus: Having binocular vision is critical for determining the location of objects. How this Revised: 11/24/2015

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