Developmental Theorists paper Nov

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Ohio Christian University *

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by SargentSummer14646

Developmental Theorist Paper Sasha Pinkstock Ohio Christian University PSY1020: Introduction to Psychology Dr. Megan Baril November 20 th, 2023

Developmental Theorists Paper Cognition refers to thinking and memory processes, and cognition development refers to long- term changes in which these processes take place. An analysis of the principles of a child’s cognitive development is impossible to imagine without the references of theories by Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, and Lawrence Kohlberg. Jean Piaget was a Swiss developmental psychologist covering the nature and development of human intelligence. Piaget suggests that children between the ages of two and twelve years of age undergo four developmental stages of mental maturity, which these stages are crucial to early development of the brain of the child. Piaget created and studied accounts of how children gradually became capable of thinking both logically and critically. Piaget focuses his studies on the long-term development of cognitive abilities, he proposed that cognition develops through distinct stages from birth to adolescence. Lawrence Kohlberg developed moral-driven questions, asking them to various age groups of individuals. He then developed three basic levels of moral cognition: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. The pre-conventional level is that children accept the idea of authority and the moral code of others. The conventional level is that children believe that social rules and expectations of others determine what is acceptable behavior. The idea of the post-conventional level deals with what is right based on what an individual understands of the universal principles. Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky emphasized how the child’s mind develops and grows with interaction with the social environment around them. Whereas Piaget emphasized how a child’s mind grows with interaction with the physical environment. (Myers & Dewall, 2023). Vygotsky viewed children as learning from cultural, language, and social interactions. Vygotsky believed that youths need social interaction to build language processing for mental tools in learning. Vygotsky found that centering his five social and cultural methods of development around social interactions and experiences, guidance, and varying cognitive development from person to person, the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

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