Short answer questions

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Short-answer questions 50. a. Individual level (genetic endowment) - these are your unique qualities that differ from person to person; no two of us share the exact same experiences in our society b. Group level (culture) - similarities and differences between individuals; each of us is born into a cultural matrix of beliefs, values, rules, and social practices c. Universal level (self-awareness) - all individuals are like all other individuals; how much we share in common. 51. An etic perspective is culturally universal, processes are consistent across different cultures. An emic perspective is culturally specific, process that are different across cultures or an insider’s point of view. 52. The three dimensions of the Multidimensional Model of Cultural Competence in Counseling are group-specific worldviews, components of cultural competence, and foci of therapeutic interventions. 53. The four foci of therapeutic intervention are individual, professional, organizational, and societal. 54. a. Therapist awareness of one’s own assumptions, values, and biases- not allowing own biases, values, or hang-ups to interfere with the ability to work with clients b. Understanding the worldview of culturally diverse clients- “cultural role taking,” the therapist acquires practical knowledge concerning the scope and nature of the client’s cultural background, daily living experience, hopes, fears, and aspirations and how that relates to the sociopolitical system which minorities contend every day of their lives. c. Developing appropriate intervention strategies and techniques- the therapist uses therapeutic modalities and defines foals that are consistent with the life experiences and cultural values of the client 55. One cultural value that can cause a potential conflict between therapist and client is collectivism.

56. Four of the seven basic principles related to social change and social justice counseling are: although remediation will always be needed, prevention is better, a failure to develop a balanced perspective between person and system focus can result in false attribution of the problem, when the client is an organization or a larger system and not an individual, a major paradigm shift is required to attain a true understanding of problem and solution identification, and a failure to develop a balanced perspective between person, and system focus can result in an ineffective and inaccurate treatment plan potentially harmful toward the client. 57. Cultural deprivation means that many groups exhibit deviant characteristics because they lack many of the advantages of middle-class culture. 58. The Genetically Deficient model measured unique qualities by/ individual differences by (of intelligence) measuring the skull. One example used in the social science literature was the bell curve in which Herrnstein and Murray said that intelligence is inherited. 59. Four components that courses need for students to truly achieve multicultural competence are a consciousness-raising component, an affective/experimental component, a knowledge component, and a skills component.

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