Week 5 Chapter Questions Allie White HREL 301-1

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1. What are the major differences between encounter groups, psychoeducational groups, counseling groups, therapy groups, and support/self-help groups? - Encounter groups are unstructured (Kottler & Shepard, 2015) while psychoeducational groups are extremely structured and instructional. Counseling groups are led by a trained professional rather than just anyone off the street and group therapy is for those diagnosed with mental disorders. Meanwhile, self-help groups are led by someone who has gone through whatever issue is being covered and the group size fluctuates constantly. 2. Provide examples of client issues that might be well served by two of the following groups: encounter groups, psychoeducational groups, counseling groups, therapy groups, and support/self-help groups. - Those who have a severe schizo-effected disorder may benefit from a therapy group as well as a counseling group. The counseling group could help them integrate into society and feel normal while a therapy group would help them delve deeper and find the best treatment for their disorder. 3. Discuss the role of the leader in counseling groups. - A leader of a counseling group should always be a fully trained counselor (Kottler & Shepard, 2015). This person is protecting the rights of the individuals within the counseling group (Kottler & Shepard, 2015) and helps the clients towards their individual goals. 4. When is it essential for the leader to intervene in a group? Give examples of times when leaders should always intervene. - Leaders should intervene when the clients start talking down about themselves or lying to themselves. For example, if they start blaming themselves for something their neighbor did or saying they don’t deserve something would be an example of someone lying to themselves. 5. What are the advantages of group work over individual counseling? What are the potential disadvantages and/or limitations? - Group work is more time and cost-effective and many people can learn from what is being explained to someone else (Kottler & Shepard, 2015). It gives people a chance to hear honest feedback that they wouldn’t get from family but it also means they have to be willing to open up and trust each other which can be difficult for people to do for fear of being judged. It gives them a group of like-minded people to support them. 6. Identify and Describe the stages of group development. - The first stage is the formation stage which begins in the minds of the clients and their expectations before ever coming to the first session (Kottler & Shepard, 2015). Then there is the formation stage where everyone begins by introducing themselves and a group purpose is discovered and the members

learn to trust one another (Kottler & Shepard, 2015). This is followed by the transition stage where the group learns how to disagree with each other and find out just how much freedom they have to express themselves within the group and is often recognized because of the awkward tension that surrounds this experimentation (Kottler & Shepard, 2015). Once the range of freedom has been decided and the group is comfortable with each other then they can enter the working stage where they dig into the real issues and open up and share more personal details (Kottler & Shepard, 2015). Eventually, they will reach the closing stage where they discuss what they have learned and express how they feel about the process (Kottler & Shepard, 2015). 7. Discuss the concept of symptoms as metaphors. Give specific examples. - 8. Discuss the decision-making model Joanning and Keoughan (2005) developed for addressing sexual problems. Apply the model to a couple who might come to you for counseling. - You must first determine what kind of problem it is. It could be a relational issue in which case solving that issue would need to happen before addressing the sexual problem and if it's not then you can move on to behavioral correction. If a couple came to me I would spend some time asking them if they are having any other problems outside of intimacy where one may not feel respected or wanted or needed by the other. If this is not the case I would work with them to understand their individual meanings of satisfaction in an intimate relationship and using the sensate focus (Kottler & Shepard, 2015) I could teach them that there are many ways to be satisfied. 9. Based on your own personal biases and experiences, what challenges might you face when counseling couples or families? - Based on my own experiences I think I would have trouble understanding the relationship between a stepparent and stepchild. I have not known many who had a stepparent or stepchild and so would find it hard to relate with either in any given situation. 10. What do you perceive to be your strengths if you were to work with families and couples? - I find it rather easy to see from others' perspectives and with this ability, I find it fairly simple to use a circular causality approach. I have in recent years, in an attempt to rid myself of some bad habits and ways of thinking used this approach to teach myself to not take all of the blame and also that all actions have repercussions with those around you.

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