Discussion week 3

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Psychology

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Apr 3, 2024

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When I start with a new client, I notice that using positive reinforcement helps builds rapport. This can include stickers, a high five, verbal praise, or a fun toy. Since we start off slow, I don’t use many demands at the start, but when I do, I want to make sure I reinforce them. When I first meet a kid, I typically use a continuous reinforcement schedule. Continuous reinforcement reinforces each instance of behavior, which helps learn and build new behaviors during the beginning stages (Cooper et al., 2020, p. 301). For example, my preschool class just started, I’m getting to know the kids I will be working closely with, and one child has a hard time waiting his turn. Turning taking is one of the goals, so each time I see the child playing nicely and giving others a turn, I praise them for it. Once the child is showing signs of improvement with the desired behaviors, I typically used a variable ratio, providing reinforcement after an average amount of responses. Since I work with younger kids, I keep the average low, usually around 2-5. This ranges for each child depending on their specific needs. According to Mayer et al. (2018), based on the individuals’ current responses, you can modify the schedule of reinforcement to build high response rates (p. 493). One of the more challenging tasks the students face is clean up time. The same kid who has a hard time sharing really doesn’t like to clean up, so I would provide reinforcement after 2 or 3 items being put away. On the other hand, I have a student who already cleans up and transitions with no problem. With him, I’m more likely to provide reinforcement less often, after around 5 or 6 items being cleaned up. As time goes on and they get used to the routines, I can continue increasing the average number of responses. References
Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heward, W. L. (2020). Applied behavior analysis (3rd ed.). Pearson Education, Inc. Mayer, G.R., Sulzer-Azaroff, B., & Wallace, M. (2018). Behavior analysis for lasting change (4 th ed.). Sloan Publishing.
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