WK1Assgn_Barclay_L

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Walden University *

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8210V

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Psychology

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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4

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1 Variables, Measurement, and SPSS Laura Barclay PhD in Developmental Psychology, Walden University RSCH - 8210V: Quantitative Reasoning and Analysis Dr. Stephen Rice December 3, 2023
2 Variables, Measurement, and SPSS This analyzes the High School Longitudinal Survey Dataset variables, specifically X1SES, X1SEX, and X1LOCALE. X1SES represents the socio-economic status of each student, and the mean of this variable is .0545. X1SEX represents the sex of each student, male or female, and it is a nominal variable as it has no numeric value. The unit of analysis for this variable is student sex. X1LOCALE represents the school's locale, specifically how urban the area is where the school is located. This item could be answered with city, suburb, town, or rural. This is also a nominal variable because it has no numeric value. The unit of analysis for variable X1LOCALE is the school location. Since the variables in this dataset relate specifically to high school students and math and science, the variables could be used to enact various social changes, including improving participation in STEM careers and education. Self-efficacy in math and science plays a significant role in pursuing careers in STEM fields (Usher et al., 2019), and female students tend to express less general self-efficacy than their male counterparts (Stewart et al., 2020). Developing a better understanding of how female high school students view their math and science proficiency can aid in developing programs that encourage more participation in STEM opportunities, thus increasing the potential for female students to focus on STEM degrees in college and pursue careers in more male-dominated fields such as engineering and medicine. Further, since studies have indicated that female students report lower self-efficacy in specific areas rather than overall (Stewart et al., 2020), this data can be used to determine which areas require intervention to increase self-efficacy among female students. Studies have indicated that students in rural areas, especially when economically distressed, have reduced educational opportunities, especially in areas like rural Appalachia
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