rlg208h-d19

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LAST (Family) NAME: _____________________________________ FIRST (Given) NAME: ______________________________________ STUDENT NUMBER: _______________________________________ UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO Faculty of Arts & Science DECEMBER 2019 EXAMINATIONS RLG208H1F Introduction to Sikhism Duration: 3 hours Aids Allowed: None Exam Reminders: • Fill out your name and student number on the top of this page. • Do not begin writing the actual exam until the announcements have ended and the Exam Facilitator has started the exam. • As a student, you help create a fair and inclusive writing environment. If you possess an unauthorized aid during an exam, you may be charged with an academic offence. • Turn off and place all cell phones, smart watches, electronic devices, and unauthorized study materials in your bag under your desk. If it is left in your pocket, it may be an academic offence. • When you are done your exam, raise your hand for someone to come and collect your exam. Do not collect your bag and jacket before your exam is handed in. • If you are feeling ill and unable to finish your exam, please bring it to the attention of an Exam Facilitator so it can be recorded before leaving the exam hall. • In the event of a fire alarm, do not check your cell phone when escorted outside. Students must hand in all examination materials at the end

1 1- What is gurbilas literature? (circle all that apply) a) Texts produced in the late 17th to 19th centuries about the Sikh Gurus. b) Short stories written in prose about Guru Nanak. c) Long historical poems written in various meters and in Brajbhasha. d) Three long poems written in the 18 th century about the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. e) Musical treatises about Guru Gobind Singh. 2- What is Brajbhasha? (circle all that apply): a) Vernacular language that came to occupy a prominent place in religious and courtly circles in early modern North India. b) The name of an important Sikh martyr. c) By the 17th century, became an idiom of power used in courts by Rajput and Mughal rulers. It was also used in Sikh contexts for the production of gurbilas literature. d) The name of the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh. e) All of the above. 3- According to Dhavan, throughout the eighteenth century, the Khalsa Sikhs neither formed a homogeneous group, nor were they ever synonymous with "Khalsa Sikhs” as understood today. They redefined themselves as a group at different points throughout the eighteenth century through their involvements in internal and external tensions, conflicts and alliances. True or False. 4- Name the three terms commonly used in English translations of the Guru Granth Sahib to describe the divine that Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh finds problematic. 5- The 18 th century is a period exclusively marked by tensions and conflicts between Sikhs and the Mughal authorities. True or False. 6- The martyrdom of Guru Arjan, which occurred in 1606, had a significant impact on the later developments of the Sikh community. True or False. 7- Banda Bahadur’s followers were exclusively Sikhs. True or False. 8- Circle all the statements that are true in relation to the Dasam Granth. a) Major anthology associated with Guru Gobind Singh (1428 pages).

2 b) A commentary on the Guru Granth Sahib composed in the early 17 th century. c) Produced in the late 17 th and early 18 th century. d) Baccitar Natak, which is part of the Dasam Granth is considered to be the earliest gurbilas text (attributed to Guru Gobind Singh). e) Written mostly in Brajbhasha, structured in various meters. f) None of the above. g) All of the above. 9- Narratives about the foundation of the Khalsa are found in: a) rahit literature; b) the Dasam Granth; c) the Shabad Hazare Patshahi 10 ; d) gurbilas literature 10- The first manual of conduct ever produced in the Sikh context is the Rahit Maryada . True or false. 11- The Zafarnama is part of the Dasam Granth. True or false. 12- There exists an eyewitness account of the foundation of the Khalsa by Guru Gobind Singh in 1699 which is found in Kuir Singh’s Gurbilas Patshahi Das . True or False. 13- Before the creation of Ranjit Singh’s kingdom in 1799, Ranjit Singh was the leader of which misal ? a) Phulkian misal ; b) Ramgarhia misal ; c) Sukarchakia misal ; d) Nishanwalia misal Part 2: (12 points) 1- Which Guru articulated the doctrine of miri and piri ? 2- Complete this sentence (based on Fenech’s argument): Guru Gobind Singh’s court was modeled on the ____________ imperial court and was active in patronizing art and literature. 3- What kind of rules do we find in the Rahit Maryada ? Write three examples (for example: rules about birth rituals): 4- Who were the Mughal emperors in power from the time of Guru Arjan to the time of Guru Gobind Singh? Please list them in chronological order. 5- Complete the following passage: A few weeks preceding his death in 1708, Guru Gobind Singh is said to have vested the office of Guru in the _______________ and in the Panth from which point the human Guruship shifted to a textual one (Murphy, 2012, 84-85).

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