Applied Activity t tests (Sp23)

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Statistics

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Jan 9, 2024

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1 APPLIED ACTIVITY: Working With the results of a t-test This is the worksheet that you will turn in. Save a copy of this document, type your work into it, and submit to the assignment drop box. Be sure that you submit your work and not the original blank worksheet. Type your name here: PROBLEM A The instructors in the Speech & Communications department at a large university want to test whether providing students with guided relaxation prior to giving a speech will lower public speaking anxiety. Throughout the semester, each student gives two speeches – one with quiet time alone in a room before the speech, and one with a therapist providing guided relaxation before the speech (some students receive guided relaxation for their first speech, others for their second speech). Levels of public speaking anxiety (on a scale of 1- 12) are measured after completion of the speeches. Use a significance level of p < .05 Mean (anxiety) N Standard Deviation Guided relax. 8.81 60 2.14 Alone 9.17 60 1.95 t Sig. (2-tailed) Sig. (1-tailed) 1.65 .10428 .05214 Identify the hypothesis or research question a. What is the independent variable? Type your answer here. Public speaking anxiety b. What is the dependent variable? Type your answer here. anxiety c. Putting together the two variables, what is the prediction or hypothesis? Type your answer here. To see if guided relaxation before a speech can help public speaking anxiety. d. Is it a one or two-tailed test? Type your answer here.

2 Two-tailed e. What is the critical p-value? Type your answer here. .05 Looking at the calculated results a. Identify the t that has been calculated Type your answer here. 1.65 b(1) Is this an independent or paired/dependent t-test ? Type your answer here. paired/dependent b(2) Calculate the degrees of freedom ( df ). Use the correct formula independent or paired. Type your answer here. 59 c. Identify the p-value as appropriate from the table of results Type your answer here. .10428 d. Determine whether the results are statistically significant, is the calculated p-value lower than the critical p-value? Type your answer here. Insignificant. Our calculated p or .10428 is greater than our critical p value or .05 Reporting the results: In the space below write a 2-sentence summary of the statistical results, following the guidelines given in the instruction for this module. Be particular about the formatting, especially for reporting the statistical value. Type your answer here. There was an insignificant result reported if guided meditation was helpful or harmful when it came to public speaking anxiety, t(59)=1,65,p> .05. These results fail to provide evidence that guided meditation helps reduce public speaking anxiety.

3 PROBLEM B Educational researchers want to know whether drinking caffeine would lower or raise exam scores in a group of 47 student volunteers. All students were given one 10 ounce cup of coffee prior to the exam. Based on random assignment, each student received either a cup of regular coffee with caffeine or decaffeinated coffee. Use a significance level of p < .05 Mean (Exam score) N Standard Deviation Caffeine 72.51 24 8.55 Decaf 78.90 23 9.27 t Sig. (2-tailed) Sig. (1-tailed) 2.67 .010516 .005258 Identify the hypothesis or research question a. What is the independent variable? Type your answer here. Drinking caffeine b. What is the dependent variable? Type your answer here. Exam score c. Putting together the two variables, what is the prediction or hypothesis? Type your answer here. Whether drinking caffeine would lower or raise exam scores in a group of 47 student volunteers. d. Is it a one or two-tailed test? Type your answer here. 2 tailed e. What is the critical p-value? Type your answer here. .05 Looking at the calculated results a. Identify the t that has been calculated Type your answer here. 2.67 b(1) Is this an independent or paired/dependent t-test ? Type your answer here. Independent

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