4g - Mobile Communication

Cellular communications is such a large aspect of today’s industries, and with the number of consumers already with cell phones drastically increasing all the time, it is good to think about the future, and maybe making the customers you already have, happy and content. There are only so many “new” customers you can gain in today’s market. Phone

Mobile networks have made a remarkable growth in the last 20 years. In our time 4G is the main network used to ensure IP connectivity for real time and non-real time services. It will be wrong not to mention that in most 3rd world countries 3G and 2G networks are still of great importance in the field of communication due to poor connectivity issues preventing them to utilize the services of 4G services. This paper will mainly talk about the growth of mobile networks from say 3G to 4G and also mention in details what we expect from 5G network. It will also mention some of the positive and negative impacts to our Kenyan society and ways to ensure that we benefit fully from the services. The proposal in this paper is fundamental shift in the mobile networking philosophy compared to existing 3G and near-soon 4G mobile technologies, and this concept is called here - the 5G.

The use of cellular phone has skyrocketed since low-price phones and services plans became widely available to the general public in the recent years. As cellular phone is getting more and more

Wireless communication has come a long way since weighing around 1.1 kg in 1983 to the myriad of smartphones available in the market today that are lightweight and loaded with endless features.

The cellular technology has developed a long way from its existence in the early 1980’s. In the past few decades it has grown into one of the biggest market with the rise of cell phone users, the cellular network providers and cell phone makers have grown in immense amount. Cellular technologies have evolved from first generation (1G), second generation (2G), third generation (3G) and to its current technology which is fourth generation (4G) which is also known as Long Term Evolution (LTE).

Wireless communication has emerged as its own discipline over the past decades.From cellular voice telephony to wireless internet and data services,data service has profoundly impacted our lifestyle.After a decade of exponential growth today wireless network is one of the largest industry in the world.

India is the second largest mobile handset market in the world after China and is poised to become a much larger market. The steady rise in the income levels of India’s growing middle class means that more people can afford mobile service.  In addition, more and more people are opting for higher end devices such as Smartphone especially as a younger generation increasingly relies on mobile phones for Internet access and data usage. This demand will likely lead to a surge in Smartphone sales in India. The Smartphone market is also fueled by the recent launch of 3G services, which is expected to

The world today is so deeply evolved with the use of technology a resource. The future of mobile data system has always been a mystery and a question of excitement due to the fact of how different is it going to be from the present generation of mobile data. Mobile data system has been a developing area over the years starting from analogue phone calls to All Internet protocol and communication protocol. The idea for a better and for a more successful next generation of mobile data was inspired from the previous generation. Also, with the development of various apps in smartphones and tablets with data services, it made a plus point in the people’s electricity usage or having to turn of electronic appliances. The term “5G” is the next big

Introduction The world lives a large evolvement in all life aspects. Everything moves in the comfort direction. One of these aspects is the technician aspect and it is an important part of everyone 's life as every thing around you become technician. In your room there is a TV, mobile, laptop...etc. Even most of kids ' toys became in need to a remote control. The wireless technology means no need to wires or cables. Wi-fi and Bluetooth are examples of that. Mobile wireless industry now is in the head of all industries due to the increasing in mobile usage day after day. It passed through several generations until it reached this great evolvement which we see now. It started with the first generation 1G with analog communication. In the second generation 2G the digital messaging was added to the analog communication. In the 3G, both calls and messages became digital. In the 4G –which we have now- the improvement was in the usage of a large bandwidth. The generation which is expected to appear is the 5G. The 5G is purely based on the 4G and will give a huge level of bandwidth which we cannot imagine. Furthermore, there are two predicted generations 6G and 7G. The 6G will be a satellite based network with speed up to 1 GB. This leads to the space roaming problem which shall be solved by the 7G. The report is organized as follows. First and Second section provides literature review of past and current mobile communication generations from first generation (1G) to fourth

3G and 4G wireless networks can be compared and contrasted by four areas of capabilities: Service and application, network architecture, data throughput and user perception. “Some examples of services offered by 3G wireless networks are CDMA2000 (also known as IMT MultiCarrier (IMTMC), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and EDGE as well as a long list of others while 4G offer Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wimax2) and Long-Term Evolution (LTE- Advance).” (Jamia Yant, 2012, April 26) 3G applications allows users the ability to stream video and audio, video conferencing as well as other multi-media

In the development history of data communications and telecommunications, one of the most significant advances has been the cellular networks technology, which is the foundation of wireless mobile telecommunication and supports users in locations that are not easily served by wired networks. It is the underlying technology for mobile telephones, wireless Internet and mobile web applications, and so on.

4G wireless mobile communication networks are been specified to support display, battery and computational power etc. 4G wireless mobile communication networks should not focus on air interface and data rate, but instead cover advance wireless mobile communication networks and high speed wireless access system into different platforms.

3G wireless technology represents the convergence of various 2G wireless telecommunications systems into a single global system that includes both terrestrial and satellite components. One of the most important aspects of 3G wireless technology is its ability to unify existing cellular standards, such as CDMA, GSM, and TDMA, under one umbrella. It improves the efficiency of data can be transferred through the cellular phone. The data transfer rates for third generation mobile telecommunications is up to 2 Megabits per second. Aside from this feature, 3G cellular phones also have conventional voice, fax and data services, as well as high-resolution video and multimedia services which can be used while on the move. It also includes mobile office services such as virtual banking and online-billing, video conferencing, online entertainment and access to the Internet.

The Latest advances in Wireless Communications have extended conceivable applications from straightforward voice services in early cell systems to new incorporated information applications. These days, numerous up to date cellular telephones are likewise incorporated with functionalities including FM radio, advanced camera, and MP3 player. Hence, the services upheld by mobile communications have extended from basic voice to sight and sound, for example, video conferencing and portable gaming. These new services require a higher service quality and also more prominent information rate. Moreover, with mobile access to the Internet, the expanding development in information movement will further drive the requirement for higher data transmission. Current foundations that bolster mostly voice activity are confronting an incredible test in meeting both the transmission capacity and quality of service requests of future mobile communication clients. For mobile communication, one concept with successful improvement is customary single-hop cell frameworks where a mobile station (MS) speaks specifically with a base station (BS) [1]. Another idea of mobile communication is multi hop ad hoc systems, which are infrastructure less, self-sorting out and quickly deployable with no site arranging, dissimilar to traditional cell systems.

Global system for mobile communication was widely used by 2G and it was standardised in Europe in 1992 but it is now used worldwide. In 1998 there were around 100 million subscribers of GSM and it reached 500 million subscribers at the end of year 2002 and it’s exceeding to 10 billion at the end of year 2004. The GSM technology is based on the TDMA (Time division multiple access) and FDMA (Frequency division multiple access) techniques. GSM works at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz frequency bands in Europe and 1900 MHz frequency bands used in North America.