Introduction Today, terrorism is among the foremost issues troubling the world. Most terrorist groups are the root cause of death and destruction of property worth millions. Mainly, most terrorist groups place their belief in religion, Islam to be more specific. Though the Islamic faith is quick to separate itself from such terrorist groups, it is clear that all trace their roots to their faith. Most terrorist groups were mainly situated in the Arab world, in the Middle East. However, they have evolved and today they are beginning to take root in the world particularly in Africa. The Al-Shabaab and Boko Haram are clear examples of terrorist groups in Africa. Boko Haram in particular has been a juggernaut for the Nigerian government and the world at large. Their most recent abduction of 276 schoolchildren is a clear indication of their strength (Smith 11). As such, this paper will focus on the Boko Haram. Key to the analysis is its beginnings and history and its activities across the world. More importantly is the ways to try to deal with the growing Boko Haram Society. History Boko Haram’s origin and development can be traced to the year 2002. At the time, Yusuf Mohammed was a Muslim cleric who was extremely radical. He was opposed to the western faith which he described as Haram and the root cause of the troubles in Nigeria. He began teaching youth on the effects that western culture had on them. A number of factors were responsible for the success of Yusuf’s
Boko Haram are motivated by a Jihadist version of Islam and is believed to be believers of the one true interpretation of the (Brinkel & Ait-Hida, 2012, p. 16). Their ultimate goal to create a true Islamic state in Nigeria directly associated with Sharia law. (Chothia, 2015, p. 5). The group has maintained their secrecy and the authorities have yet to be captured by law enforcement. Boko Haram is seen to have many basic views including their religious motivations, political downfall, and their extreme actions taken on the people of Nigeria. Boko
Both of these events that occurred in human history caused seriously traumatic impact to the citizens, who were surrounded by all the destruction, devastation, and mayhem that resulted from it. In similar cases like these, violence is clearly not the answer. The reason being because so many innocent people get hurt and they are mostly the people who would never cause any harm in the first place. In the situation of Boko Haram and his beliefs, he wanted a nation that was entirely Islam and any country or person who was against it was his enemy, which resulted in most of the Nigerian population being eliminated from existence. In relation is the Holocaust, which had Germans disliking Jews because they were seen as “inferior” towards the Germans
actions. The name Boko Haram was given to the group in 2002 when the leader was elected. The
The Al-Shabaab is regarded as one of the most dangerous African terrorist organizations. Al-Shabaab is a multiethnic militant group out of Somalia that uses many terrorist tactics in attempts to gain control over the country of Somalia. They use many forms of terrorism that include ideological revolutionary, dissident, and nationalist terrorism, as they have the motive to gain power over a territory by overthrowing the government. The Al-Shabaab is suspected to have taken part in many terrorist attacks, including the 1998 United States embassies bombings. The motive behind their violence is their goal of creating an Islamic state in Somalia, which they believe is morally justified by the ideological beliefs. An important psychological
In Northeast Nigeria, where the book Things Fall Apart takes place, the terrorist group Boko Haram is constantly causing the governrnent trouble. Whether it’s when they kidnapped over 200 girls from a school, kidnapped and trained child soldiers, or just this March attempted to bomb a Mosque. Not to mention how Polio and malnutrition are indirectly being worsened by the group. However, the similarity to 20th century Umuofia is uncanny. This is because both Boko Haram and the Igbo share the same fight, that against western culture. Boko Haram actually translates to Western education is a sin. Although it’s not their full, official name, it is it’s slang name and what the media uses. Consisting of muslims the group has many differing beliefs to all of Western society, largely gender related. Not all people share equal rights, another struggle that also occurs in the book. In conclusion, Through this group, although they are terrorists and the Igbo were not, you can see that people are still fighting against the same change in that area, even if it’s under a different
Al-Shabaab as a terrorist group poses a significant threat in Somalia and in the global community. This paper will start by discussing the background. In this part the paper will show how the group has evolved from Al-Ittihad Al-Islam (AIAI) to the Islamic Court Union (ICU) and lastly to Al-Shabaab. Before discussing the group’s threat of national security, homeland and international, this paper will provide the conceptual meaning of key terminology, such as national security, homeland security, international security and globalization. It is important to understand these concepts before moving toward the main argument of the paper. After providing the framework for key concepts, the paper will discuss the group’s threat to Somalia in two areas, national security and homeland security. The paper will go further and identify the threats posed by the group on other nations’ homeland security and international security. We will use East African countries and the United States examples. The paper will provide evidence to support how globalization has shaped and fueled the threats from Al-Shabaab. It will then discuss the primary response from the United States and from African countries through AMISOM. The paper will provide the way forward and suggestions for the response of the international community to Al-Shabaab. In conclusion, we will try to alert the international community that although the group has been experience hard times in Somalia, it is unwise to
The article discusses the fact that the U.S. Military believes that two of the largest,most well known, and feared terrorist groups are joining forces; Boko Haram and ISIS. It goes into detail about the tactics used by Boko Haram and how unethical these tactics are such as strapping explosives to birds and having children deliver the explosives to markets. They believe that the two terrorist groups are beginning to get more close so they can plan attacks against American allies that are located in North and Central Africa. Boko Haram has already pledged their allegiance to the Islamic State (ISIS) but now it looks like they'll join forces in combat and there's no telling what they could do
Boko Haram has a brief, but very eventful history where it has gone through periods of violence, allegiance to other groups, and turmoil within their group. The group was founded in 2002 by Mohammed Yusuf in Maiduguri, the northern state Borno. A religious center was set up here, where it attracted Muslims to create an Islamic State. For example, in an article by Africa Check Boko Haram’s founding was discussed: “The group now known as Boko Haram began to emerge in 2002, when a collection of like-minded Islamists retreated to a remote area of the northeast called Kanamma… They had been followers of a young, charismatic
The Boko Harm, they are an African terrorist group. Boko haram is really the nickname in the Hausa language the group is officially known as “Jama’atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda’awati Wal-Jihad”. But what do they want? Between them bombing churches and shooting up schools or them kidnapping school girls, the Boko Haram wants to stop girls going to school. Also they may want to start a civil war between south and North Africa. Some believe the boko haram may want to overthrow the government in Algeria.
In the year 2002, Mohammed Yusuf founded Boko Haram. With the goal of establishing an Islamic state, Yusuf recruited surrounding youth, and less than well to do Muslim families from the surrounding areas. For seven years, Yusuf governed the sect in a relatively peaceful manner, preaching detestation for Westerners and their involvement in government, but never erupting into violence. In 2009, in response to what members of Boko Haram believed to be the use of excessive force by police officers, the group launched a widespread attack on police stations, killing many and injuring many more. Since then the group has evolved initially moving to carrying out assassinations of police officers then attacking prisons releasing inmates then bombing
The militant group’s funding comes from a variety of organized crime and donations, cyber scams, fake charities, kidnapping, bank robbery, and theft from Nigeria’s security establishment. The group has received financial support from al Qaeda and other African governments. Central to Boko Haram’s approach includes using hard-to-track human couriers to move cash, relying on local funding sources, such as local governments, and engaging in only limited financial relationships with other extremist groups.1 They recruit as many Islamic extremist groups recruit, by radicalizing boys and young men who have failed at something or seek a higher purpose in life. The group’s recruitment methods have changed in recent years; more recruits are forcibly
Boko Haram is an Islamic extremist terrorist group - based in northeastern Nigeria, also active in Chad, Niger, and northern Cameroon - who began to emerge in between the years 2002-2003, most known for kidnapping school girls, with the intent of raping them, making them brides or making them commit suicide-terrorist attacks, the suicide attacks have taken place in mosques and colleges.
Boko Haram is a militant Islamic group based in northeastern Nigeria, but is also active in northern Cameroon, Chad, and Niger (“Boko Haram Fast Facts” 1). Their main purpose as an organization is to institute Sharia, which is known as Islamic law (“Boko Haram Fast Facts” 1). In the local Hausa dialect, one of the largest ethnic groups spoken in West Africa, Boko Haram means “Western education is forbidden” (“Boko Haram Fast Facts” 1). The group is also referred to as Jama’atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda’awati Wal-Jihad, meaning “People Committed to the Propagation of the Prophet’s Teachings and Jihad” (“Boko Haram Fast Facts” 1). Boko Haram militants mostly live in areas in the northern states of Nigeria, specifically Bauchi, Borno, Kaduna, Kano, and Yobe (“Boko Haram Fast Facts” 1). Initially, Boko Haram was referred to as the Nigerian Taliban due to their religious similarities to the Taliban (“Boko Haram Fast Facts” 1). Boko Haram does not participate in Nigeria’s political system out of an adherence to a fundamentalist form of Islam, which prohibits contribution unless the system is based on Sharia, or Islamic law (“Boko Haram Fast Facts” 1). Because of Boko Haram’s intention to create a nation that is entirely Islam, he has caused numerous attacks and deaths in Nigeria since 2009 (“Boko Haram Fast Facts” 1). Since then, the devastation that Boko Haram has caused in Africa’s most populous country in order to overthrow the government and establish an Islamic state is similar to
With the traumatic events that occurred on November 13th, 2015, many politicians and media hosts have responded by attacking the religion of Islam as well as the groups that perpetrated these events. Often referring to the beliefs held by groups—such as the Islamic State and Boko Haram—as a radical and medieval version of Islam, these individuals are not wrong in a sense, but rather they are failing to notice that no ancient religion is peaceful or nonviolent. It is true that the beliefs that are held by members of terrorist groups are archaic, but it isn’t because the culture and system of modern Islam is medieval in itself, but because the terrorists that are perpetrating these are attacks are modern fanatics of the olden days. If one were to look at another major religion’s history, such as Christianity, one would notice that there have been similar moments of religious fanaticism through acts such as the Crusades.
Boko Haram is a radical Sunni Islamic gathering, at first calling itself Jama 'atu Ahlis Sunnar Lidda 'awati Wal-Jihad, which thoroughly makes a translation of to "people concentrated on the spread of the Prophet 's teachings and jihad. The gathering is against Western philosophy. The pioneer of the gathering, Mohammed Yusuf, was a readied Salafist and follower of Ibn Taymiyya, a 14th century analyst who addressed Islamic fundamentalism. Boko Haram hopes to construct an Islamic state in Nigeria, including the establishment of Sharia courts. Regardless, the gathering is uncommonly decentralized and not all individuals from the association basically take after Salafi regulation, with various individuals being poor, uneducated youth. Some case to be a bit of a Shiite Muslim bundle and to have arranged in Iran, while others were as far as anyone knows included in distinctive conflicts in Nigeria and the Sahel.