Summarize: The main argument in Hanley’s Everyday Things in Premodern Japan, is that the standard of living is an inaccurate way to evaluate the pre-industrialization of Japan. Hanley breaks down her argument by explaining it in three suitable subparts. She explains that the standard of living is an insufficient way to indicate how people lived during that period, an insufficient way of examining sine qua nons of the industrialization, and an insufficient way to set side by side with other industrialized states during that period. Explain: Hanley makes arguments to justify her alternative, but she first uses a method that is diabolical. She first presents the current method that economists uses to compare states and then she shows how it is insufficient to use it. The term standard of living is broke down by Hanley and then opens way for her alternative to comparing states during the period of pre-industrialization. Hanley first undermines the (GDP) standard of living, and thus gives a logical reasoning why it is inaccurate to use when comparing states. The standard of living is used by economists to evaluate the “quantities of goods and services available for consumption”(Hanley, 1997). She then explains, it is good to use the standard of living method in modern nations, but then explains, “the standard of living is only as good as the data used to calculate it”(Hanley, 1997) She is clearly stating that method of standard of living, is only good if you have the
Jonathan Yardley was a book critic for the Washington Post and a Pulitzer Prize winner for Criticism. In an occasional series from The Post, Yardley critics one of the most notable novels from the past: The Catcher in the Rye. His objective is to persuade his readers that The Catcher in the Rye is neither a well written book --as many claim it is-- nor a book that is deserving enough to be labeled an “American classic.” Yardley uses a sardonic, yet criticizing tone along with rhetorical devices such as antithesis, hypophora, understatements, and epithets to support his thesis and help the reader perceive the book from his position.
In 1879 Henry George wrote an article titled “Progress and Poverty”. In this article he discussed the ongoing industry and he stated that “the wealthy class is becoming more wealthy; but the poorer class is becoming more dependent.
While ongoing change became the status quo in late-Tokugawa era Japan the ideals of the samurai—and the respect they receive—endured. And, because samurai could still fall back on the prestige their class represented, members of society still
The major periods that shaped Japan’s history and future were the Heian-era of Aristocracy and the Kamakura period of Samurai. The Heian-era and the Kamakura period are interesting because of their differences in social structure, tradition, and culture. In the Heian era, the aristocrat’s social class was sought by many because of their social and cultural status. When the warrior rise in the Kamakura age the social classes change dramatically between aristocrat and warrior. The Heian-era (794-1191) was an age of self development in Japan’s culture and tradition. Before the Heian-era, Japan
Two ships can arrive at the same destination; however that does not necessarily mean that they used the same route on their journey. Such is the same with the industrialization of Britain and Japan. Both rose to become the two great pioneers of the modern world; however the paths they took to success were different. This paper will compare Japan and Britain, exploring the causes of its industrialization, and how the countries drastically changed because of it. What sets Britain’s industrialization process apart from Japans is that it did not have a role model to base its development on; it was the first industrial nation. Therefore the cause of its industrialization must have much
When people think of “Medieval”, they often relate this to Europe. However, there was once a Medieval Japan too, and this time stretched from 1185-1868 CE. During this period, Shoguns ruled Japan, and they defined it as “Medieval” because, just like Europe society in Japan at this time was feudal in structure. Medieval Europe lasted from the 5th to the 15th century, and was often referred to as Christendom, because most civilians were Christians. Although they didn’t have any direct contact with one another, there were many similarities and differences in these two times. The ones this essay will focus on are; castles, health and hygiene and the social structure.
All the documents explained the social and economic effects of the silver trade from the views of the English, Spanish, and Chinese and how it affects their own respective region. Since Tokugawa Japan was a significant and active part in silver production from 1500 to 1750 alongside Spain, a source from a merchant from this region would help give insight to the effects of the global flow of silver. A Japanese merchant who partakes in silver trade would further explain if the trade was beneficiary to the region’s social and economic status.
The Tokugawa period or otherwise known as the Edo period has been recognised as an extremely significant aspect of Japanese history and left history changing effects on the country. In this essay, five primary aspects of the Edo period, which has helped produce present day Japan and had greatly impacted on the nation during this period will be addressed:
This essay will compare and contrast the Japanese emperor to European pope and Japanese peasants to European peasants.
Compare and contrast Medieval Europe with Medieval Japan using examples from three levels of society.
1. List 2 data sources researchers use to estimate historical standards of living and explain what they can infer from these sources. List three indicators of economic development other than National Income measures (NI, GDP, or GNP, level, growth rate, or per capita) that are of interest to economists and explain what can be inferred from each of these indicators.
In the 19th century, technological improvements enabled many European nations to enlarge their power and have greater impact on other parts of the world. Those impacts are clearly demonstrated in the book Abina and the Important Men and the source Fifty Years of New Japan. Abina and the Important Men views on how a young woman from Gold Coast, West Africa in the 1870s failed to declare her own freedom in a local British dominated court. The source Fifty Years of New Japan demonstrates how Japan had modernized in fifty years with adoption of European cultural practices. Because the Gold Coast was a crown colony of the British empire, change made by European culture and power was in favor of the interest of Britain. Indigenous people respond to such changes differently based on their different social status. Japan, on the other hand, was independently adopting western cultural practices for modernization, so Japan was able to better improve herself by learning about the Western Civilization.
He is well aware that his defense of Japan's tight society is subject to criticism, and at the end of his book he concedes the widespread corruption underlying so many Confucian societies, the diversity that makes overall judgments tricky and the racial homogeneity that may play a great part in enforcing Confucian harmony. But he sticks to his central thesis, fortified by his obviously pleasant recollections of living in Japan.
However, the pride of those few farmers is overcome by an even stronger element of Japanese ideology- the collectivist and utilitarian nature of society. The village’s general way of life illustrates this, as all of the individuals work together to plant and harvest the crops, and