Article Review I: Reducing Situational Violence in Low-Income Couples Many couples experience IPV. IPV is more prevalent among couples of low economical status therefore it is important to support these types of couples (Cleary & Gottman, 2012). Moreover low-income individuals are more likely to have experienced issues in their own family of origin such as divorce that can impact their current relationships in a negative way, thus the research in this article addresses the needs of these populations (Cleary & Gottman, 2012). Thus the treatment of IPV, creating healthy relationships programs and the impact these programs has on IPV are all discussed in this article. Furthermore in this article review, I will define the main topics, strengths, limitations and clinical applications of the research.
Topic of the Article This article examined low-income situational violence couples when a psycho-educational designed intervention was applied to reduce IPV (Cleary & Gottman, 2012). This research is a quantitative study with an independent variable (therapeutic skills taught: friendship, sex/romance/passion, shared meaning and conflict management skills) and a dependent variable (IPV increase or decrease). It was hypothesized that using therapeutic skills taught to the couples during the interventions would reduce IPV (Cleary & Gottman, 2012). A treatment group and a control group were used to examine 115 couples in which they were randomly assigned to a group. During different
Diagnosing a problem of intimate partner violence earlier is an important factor in the prevention of homicide. The intimate partners should seek counseling early enough, before their relationship worsens due to violence, and eventually lead to death. Also, educating people from early age about the effects of violence could greatly reduce cases of intimate partner homicides. The availability of domestic violence programs could also play a role in reducing deaths. However, it could be better for a person to leave a violent relationship early before it gets many degrees worse, ending in the grave consequence of homicide (Baldry & Winkel, 2008, p.
Gurman, A. S. (2008). Clinical handbook of couple therapy (4th ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Throughout the world, we hear many stories about individuals being victimized, and individuals who have are the perpetrators. Also, many of these news segments are based off of headed situations between intimate relationships. Many relationships become this way because of stress about work, paying bills, past circumstances, and much more. There are many micro and macro level risk factors that pertain to victims (prior history of intimate partner violence, female sex, and youth), and perpetration (anger issues, low self-esteem, low income, and depression). “These factors are some of the very important factors that shape victimization and perpetration in intimate partner violence” (Seccombe, 2015, p.318).
Violence is preventable and extremely imperative for us to detect the early signs of it. We need to take all prevention strategies for an account. For example, primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions are an appropriate approach for this matter. Dating violence is the topic that is going to be discussed in this reading. I decided to write about this topic because many people are in the dark when it comes to dating violence, and the substantial effects of it. Allow me the opportunity to expand your horizon on this particular topic. There have been quite a few cases where women press charges on their significant other after being battered in unhealthy relationships. I always hear about situations like this through the media never in real life. It’s sad to say that a very close friend of mind was one of those women in a vicious relationship.
There are millions of examples of children who not only witness intimate partner violence (IPV) but also has been victimized. ( Christoff, Murrell & Henning, 2007) Children exposed to these kinds of violent behavior at such a young age also show signs of these behaviors, many violent, as adults. Evidence shows that witnessing violent behavior as a child correlates to patterns of abuse into adulthood as well. (Murrell et al., 2007) Over the years there has been a growing recognition that young people who witness IPV is has much of the same impact as a child victimized of abuse. This often damages their long term social and emotional well-being. Having a safe place outside of the home along with a supportive
Breiding, Matthew J., Sharon G. Smith, Kathleen C. Basile, Mikel L. Walters, Jieru Chen, and
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health problem in youth and young adults. Serious short- and long-term consequences of IPV, coupled with high prevalence, have driven researchers to formulate theoretical frameworks to explain why individuals engage in abusive behaviors toward their partners.
A relationship is formed when there is a mental connection creating a bond between two people. There are multiple types of relationships that being said, a relationship between two people can have different meanings. Although relationships come in different types, it’s important to understand that all relationships have boundaries that must be acknowledged. In this paper, I will cover healthy vs. unhealthy relationships. I will discuss factors followed by a unhealthy relationships and what triggers the perpetrator to act on domestic violence and the reasons why victims (women) choose to stay. I will also go into detail on how culture has an impact when making decisions regarding a marriage. Finally, I will wrap up with health concerns that women may encounter due to verbal, physical, and emotional violence. Other concerns that need to be considered when in a relationships that goes unhealthy will also be covered. My reason for choosing this topic is the amount of interest I have in learning more about severe conditions relating to relationships. Often times I see and hear about people in relationships that are more of a threat in their life rather than a partner and continue to remain that way.
Children who are particularly exposed to intimate partner violence since birth tend to practice it more than those that experience it occasionally. Low self-esteem can also be a cause that leads to IPV. Some people feel that they are looked down upon, and they find violence as the only means that they can show domination. They use violence to oppress others and make them feel worthless. Through this, they either assault their partners verbally, physically or sexually. Depression can also be attributed to IPV as some partners suffer from it and make violence the only way that they can relieve themselves. After engaging in violence, they may tend to feel better, and they do not care about the effect their actions have on their partner.
These include federal domestic violence laws and law enforcement measures. Common intervention strategies include batterer intervention programs, arrest, protection order, court intervention, and prosecution. Even though, increased warrantless arrests, firearm confiscation, prosecution, and financial aids to families with dependent children were associated with a decreased rate of domestic violence, research shows that some chronically aggressive intimate partners continue to abuse their partner regardless of the interventions. Furthermore, understanding demographic differences among victims and abusers including race and education level, can help to predict which intervention will work best for specific groups (National Institute of Justice, 2007). According to Bradford and el‘s opinion regarding the Criminal Justice System’s response to domestic violence, there is a need for service provider and policy makers to provide preventive interventions. The policies should provide crucial skills, attitudes, and knowledge that give partners a better chance of developing and sustaining a healthy mutual satisfying couple relationship” (Bradford & el, 2015). According to research documentation (women's health magazine, 2013), despite the above measures by the state government, the prevalence of the abuse persists. Furthermore, measures against physiological/ verbal
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious social issue that affects millions of Americans. IPV describes physical sexual or psychological harm by a current or former partner spouse. Anyone can be a victim of IPV, this type of violence can occur among heterosexual or same-sex couples. However, this paper will focus on IPV faced by women. IPV is an important global public health concern related to physical trauma, mental illness, poor health, suicide and murder.(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). There are many risk factors that cause IPV; one of the predictors of IPV is a person’s socioeconomic status. Socioeconomic status is commonly conceptualized as the social standing or class, an individual’s socioeconomic status is measured as a combination of education, income and occupation. (American Psychology Association).
Marriage requires effort and work. Many newlyweds come into a marriage thinking it is easy but do not consider the consequences of marriage that heavily rely on balances and partnership. Marriage is all about compromise. It is important to engage in a premarital program to allow both partners to learn what to expect within a marriage, how to face certain roadblocks, and to better communication when conflict is aroused so that divorce does not become an option. Gottman’s research (2009) has made a significant contribution to the study of relationship and marriage tying unity, harmony, and communication together to make relationship and marriage work. When a couple who does not have consummate love (intimacy, passion, and commitment), they often portray the six indicators of divorce: harsh startup, the Four Horsemen, flooding, body language, failed repair attempts and reflecting on bad memories (Gottman, 2009). Divorce often occurs within the first two years of marriages and almost half of divorces end within the first seven years (Bhutto-Ramirez, 2015).
John works in the community services agency that focuses on youth. He is heavily involved in community violence prevention program, and works with youth who are gang members or are involved in gang activities. John is very experienced and has a solid and trusting relationship with youth at the Centre, and they often disclose to him information about some of their illegal activities.
Violence is all around us, and sometimes it’s right in front of you. The violence in my life is in front of me. This violence isn’t physical, but instead verbal and through social media’s. The violence happens at my lunch table and online like Instagram or texting.