Bolivar's End Of The Second Republic

In John Chasteen’s book Heroes on Horseback we learn about the life and struggle of the brothers Saravia. These two brothers Gumercindo and Aparicio led rebellious movements in Brazil and Uruguay. These rebellious movements not only galvanized thousands of people from rural areas but also threatened large governments that had both numbers and weaponry in their favor. One important thing about the brothers that Chasteen mentions is not their prowess in battle or their tactical movements but fact that they were able to inspire so many individuals and unlike many rebel leaders did not become generals until after they had secured an army worthy of their cause. Despite the fact that these brothers drew men from rural society, it was in fact the

Duarte had failed and banished, he exiled to Caracas, Venezuela where he had stayed for 20 years and only

We all have heard of Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington but, what about Simon Bolivar, Jose De San Martin, and Agustin De Iturbide? They have had just as much as an impact on the modern world as the famous founding fathers of The United States. From 1809 to 1824 independence revolutions raged through Latin America changing the world today with the creoles leading the fight. Despite the racist ideas from the Creoles, they successfully lead the Latin American Revolution because of their motivations to challenge their law, and administrative positions.

The new republic of the 1830s-1850s was a society that devalued the role of women. By comparing men and women against each other, giving men a superior status, making their differences more evident, and allowing men to demand more rights, to think and do freely, this society has been created to view women as less than. Women are viewed as the weaker vessel and property to their father, or husband that need to be protected and should be wifely, child bearing, motherly and dedicated to their homes instead of viewing women as their own beings.

Where on the other hand, Simon Bolivar was the kind of guy that would save the day and do bold and unexpected things.

This exposure to new ideas played a crucially important role in the independence movement for Latin America, in that Simón used these ideas he was taught to influence the people of his country. Without Simón Bolívar’s avocation of these enlightment ideas to the people of Latin America, independence for these states may not have been possible. Since Simón Bolívar could be seen as responsible of the one advocating how important it is for citizens to fight for their rights and freedoms, and these ideas where the reason that ignited the movement towards independence. During the nineteenth century, many people needed some kind of guidance about how they should act and think in regards to being inferior to Spanish rule that had a hold on their country like Latin America experienced throughout Spanish colonial rule. Simón Bolívar and his enlightment ideas were just what the citizens needed in leading them towards independence, since it seemed like they were lost without his guidance. Perhaps Simón Bolívar was just the right intellectual at the right time, since it seemed that people during this time needed someone to guide or speak for them, and that they ultimately couldn’t think or act for themselves so Simón guided them. It was said that Simón Bolívar was considered an intellectual and that people followed his ideas and visions because his campaigns were so

“A call to arms by Francisco Madero, a leader of the prodemocracy forces, united the disparate groups opposed to Diaz which succeeded in overthrowing the Porfirian government and forcing Diaz into exile” (Vanden & Prevost 319).

This project’s purpose is to record a people who have lived through the promises and outcomes of the Bolivarian Revolution, an idea that captured Venezuela’s spirit and spread across 16 Latin America nations as the Pink Tide. The poor and working class will be a fundamental component of this story as I investigate the role the revolution has played in shaping the lives of this perpetually overlooked group of people. Simultaneously, the nature of these issues will create a portal into the world of Venezuelan heritage, traditions, and political and civic culture. What I write will be the reality of the situation; the interpretation will be left up to the reader.

the people of Gonzales and when Castañeda returned a second time he was met with a fight.

During the 18th and 19th century, from 1776 to 1804, two nations were fighting for their independence. Latin America and America wanted to free themselves from their mother colonies that were dominating them. They had independence movements in which they fought for their freedom. The American Revolution and the Latin American Revolution were similar because they had similar motivations for the causes of their movements. Both of the nations were inspired by ideas of the Enlightenment such as natural rights. Both nations were also experiencing mercantilism by their mother colonies, Spain and Great Britain, and wanted to free themselves and control their own economies. Although they had similar goals, the consequences of these events were different. Americans were more united and had a representative form of government, which granted more equality to their citizens than Latin Americans, who had less unity because of the various ethnic groups, resulting in rigid differences in social class.

Before the war, the whole island of Hispaniola had belonged to Haiti for 22 years. The Dominican War of Independence of 1844 was led by twenty year old Juan Pablo Duarte. Duarte along with Matias Ramon Mella and Francisco del Rosario Sanchez formed a group they called La Trinitaria or the Trinity. They recruited many people and kept their actions very secret to avoid detection by any Haitian authorities. The group was eventually discovered and it was forced to change its name to La Filantropica or The Philanthropic. The group continued to make trouble for the Haitians. In 1843 the group had a break as it worked with a “liberal Haitian party” they were able to overthrow the president. Their success continued and on February 27, 1844, Dominican rebels seized the Fortaleza Ozama in Santo Domingo. Within days all Haitian officials left Santo Domingo. The war continued and the Dominican Republic continued to defend against Haitian attacks. The Republic went on to win more wars against Haiti’s attacks. “In November 6, 1844 a Constituent assembly drafted a constitution, based on the Haitian and United States models, which established separation of powers and legislative checks on the executive.” The war continued throughout September and November of 1845. The war for independence was foreseeable as tensions built over the twenty two years in which Haiti had control of the island. The relationship between

Bolivars tone is one of authority and demand in which he shows his trust in the law by saying “ the rule of the law is more powerful than the rule of tyrants”, that he believes if it is done his way , a non-democratic way. Despite having some enlightenment ideas his thoughts on government organization(hereditary senate) and non-democratic governments go against these values. In contrast to Bolivar , L’overture doesn’t put as much trust in government on the contrary, he fears that there justifying detestable plans and justifying them as being acts of patriotism. He knows that the interests of those in power don’t have the people’s welfare at heart. He knows that slavery is not the way to a better Santo Domingo and that it being reinforced will only bring “total ruin and inevitable destruction”. His tone shows outrage and demand for him and his people to be

As a result of the revolt, eighty peasants were gathered together and executed during the pre-dawn hours of May third. Despite the overwhelming defeat of the revolt, the Spanish people were not daunted. In the countryside, during the next six years, the first guerilla warfare was waged. Eventually Napoleon and his troops were forced from Spain, but with them left their liberal reforms (Tone 49). Goya had been pleased with the liberal reforms and other changes that Napoleon had instituted in Spain, but was completely disgusted with what had happened during the war. He felt that nothing lasting had been accomplished, while many had suffered and died as a result of the war.

The Death of Artemio Cruz was written by Carlos Fuentes in 1962. This novel is based around Cruz’s early, heroic crusades during the Mexican Revolution. It is a journey from Cruz’s corrupt climb from poverty to wealth as a hacienda owner after the war, to his anguished present life as an old man looking back on his past and sees a long life filled with violence of many kinds. To ensure his position in a wealthy land-owning family, Cruz blackmails a fellow soldier and blackmails the man’s sister into marriage. He quickly becomes a wealthy, arrogant, deceitful crook—the exact type of people that he fought against during the revolution. Throughout Cruz’s long life he continues to gain

Bolivar was exiled in Columbia and Jamaica. In 1816 he launched an invasion against Venezuela with help from Haiti. He captured Boyota, the capital of New Granada, to secure a base for attack on Venezuela. This tactic worked, as Bolivar and San Martin captured Carcas and he was named president by the summer of 1821. In July of 1822, armies of Bolivar and San Martin moved to liberate Quito. They disagreed about the political structure of Latin America. San Martin wanted monarchies, but Bolivar advocated republicanism. San Martin went into exile in Europe and retired from the public life. Bolivar allowed the political situation in Peru to be confused, and he sent troops to establish his control. In December of 1824, the Spanish royalist forces suffered a defeat at the Battle of Ayacoucho at the hands of liberating army. This battle marked the conclusion of the Spanish effort to retain the American Empire.