Causes And Effects Of Cancer

Cancer is a deadly disease that has some very serious effects on a person both physically and mentally. Cancer can result in a simple surgery that may take only a couple days, or a life-long struggle that leaves someone so fatigued and tired that it makes them want to give up. It will put fear in anyone's eyes and will devastate even the strongest of people, but cancer can bring out the courageousness in a person to fight this disease and not give up. It can be a fatal disease but it can also bring out the strength in someone which is an amazing thing. Cancer has many serious effects on a person's body and their mental health and others, but can also inspire a person to dig deep and fight this disease

Cancer starts with the normal cells in our bodies. Normal cells divide in processes called Mitosis and Meiosis which is how our bodies grow, heal and repair and when cells become old or are damaged, they die and new cells are created. However, when this cell division process goes wrong the cells become abnormal. Cell abnormalities occur when the cell makes errors whilst copying the genes. As the cell becomes more abnormal, the old and damaged cells do not die when they are supposed to but the new cells, that are supposed to go in place of the dead cells, are still produced. The extra cells divide uncontrollably which is how a tumour is formed.

Virus-induced neoplasia may also be subjected to additional host and environmental factors that may modify the transformation process. Studies have shown that there are Cellular genes that are homologous to the transforming genes of the retroviruses, a family of RNA viruses that can induce oncogenic transformation

Cancer is the name given to a collection of more than 100 related diseases. It is a genetic disease caused by changes to genes that control the way our cells function (“What is Cancer?” National Cancer Institute). The genetic changes that subsidize cancer tend to affect three chief types of genes- proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. These are the “drivers” of cancer. Cancer can appear and grow virtually anywhere in the body. Types of cancer are customarily named for the organs or tissues where they form. They can also be described by the types of cell that formed them. Although there are many different kinds of cancer, all cancers start because abnormal cells grow out of control (“What is Cancer?” American Cancer

Cancer occurs as an result of mutations in the genes responsible for regulating the growth of cells and keeping them healthy. Normally, the cells in our bodies replace themselves , healthy new cells take over as old ones die out, but, over time, mutations can “turn on” certain genes and “turn off” others in a cell. That changed cell gains the ability to keep dividing without control or order, producing more cells like it and forming a tumor.

Hpv is a virus that produces epithelial tumours in both the skin and mucous membranes2, however these tumours have different probabilities of forming cancers according to the subtype of the virus causing the infection for example tumours due to Hpv 16, 31, and 70 have a high probability of forming tumours where as Hpv 84 has a much lower risk of turning the tumour malignant3.

In the Topic of Cancer, Christopher Hitchens writes about his experience with Cancer and uses various claims in order to provide an audience with a well-written rhetorical essay. The Topic of Cancer begins with Hitchens describing the morning he found out he had cancer. He remembers feeling like death, literally. Throughout the essay, Hitchens uses claims and rhetorical statements to help the audience who cannot personally relate to cancer. I have had more than my fair share of experiences with cancer. My sister, niece, and mother were all diagnosed with cancer. Sadly, only my mother survived the “battle” against the “new territory,” as Hitchens describes it. Cancer patients should be thoroughly informed about their cancer treatment options that evaluate issues such as life expectancy and the quality of life they will be living in order for the patients to make informed decisions about the treatment they choose to receive.

Cancer is a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. In a cancerous cell cycle, the cell ignores the signals that tell them to stop, and it just keeps dividing. Normal cells stop dividing when your body do not need anything else, but cancer cells just continue to go through cell cycle to make more copies. Also, cancer cells do not need anything to stimulated their growth, and it can spread to other parts of the body. The most common causes of cancer are tobacco, alcohol, overweight, obesity, dietary factors, physical inactivity, chronic infections, radiation, sun and UV exposure. The most common types of cancer are lung (158,080 deaths per year), liver (27,170 deaths per year), stomach (10,730 deaths per year),colorectal

Cancer can be caused by a plethora of things, i.e. mutation through viruses, chemical or radiations, carcinogens. Mutation, a type of evolution, is any change in the nucleotide sequence of a cell’s DNA (Reece 199), this may come about by having a virus, exposure to certain chemicals and radiation, after the mutation, there is no reversing it and hence can be transferred genetically to any children. A carcinogen defined by Encyclopedia Britannica is, “any of a number of agents that can cause cancer in humans,” which leads to mutation. After

The cause of cancer is when the DNA of that cell is mutated, but instead of that cell dying or repairing itself, it continues in its cell cycle which includes producing more cells with the

Oncolytic viruses are viruses that are either genetically manufactured or naturally made, that can kill cancer cells without affecting normal cells. The virus rapidly multiplies until the cancerous cell explodes. This releases the virus, tumor specific agents, and GM-CSF. This causes the immune system to recognize cancerous cells and fight them with the help of the virus.

DNA viruses were thought to be the only viruses that could cause cancer because of their capability to incorporate their own unique genome into the host cell via the cell membrane. This action is a genetic alteration known as transformation. The function of DNA in a normal, uninfected cell is to control the development & operations of the cell. Therefore, when a DNA virus infects a normal cell, it has the ability to interrupt the usual functions of the cell and begin the process of mutation. Not all cells infected with the DNA virus will become cancerous. Tumor suppressor genes act to protect the host cell from becoming oncogenic.

Infections that are carcinogenic, such as Hepatitis C and HIV, all share similar characteristics. These hallmarks include their ability to induce persistent inflammation, which can lead to changes to immune cells, and their ability to suppress the immune response, which impedes the immune system’s ability to fight off cancerous cells. Another way some infections, especially viruses, can cause cancer is by directly changing the DNA of their host by inserting their own genomic material into cells. When this happens, innate cancer-fighting mechanisms, like apoptosis, can be hindered. This can lead to the uncontrolled

Cancer is characterized by the un-restrained growth of abnormal cells. The cancer diseaseis caused by external and internal factors. External factors include tobacco, chemicals, radiation and infectious organisms whereas the internal factors include hormones, inherited mutations, immune conditions as well as mutations that are caused by metabolism. These factors possibly act together to instigate or even promote the maturity of

The viruses that cause tumorigenic transformation produce oncoviral antigens. These antigens are recognized by the immune system as “non-self” because they are present on infected cells (Saxena and Bhardwaj 2017).