Commentary On The Southwest Monsoon

India’s experiment with democracy has, through the years, proven to be a success. There is an established Constitution that is fair to all the people living in the country, the power of the leadership is vested within the people, and the people are able to voice their opinions without fear. These factors create the foundation on which a democratic nation can stand and continue to build on in. The early leaders of India knew of this, moreover they also knew that it was even more important for India to have these qualities because of its extreme diversity and historical past.

The Indus River is located on the northwestern part of the sub-continent with other rivers draining into it. Another river called the Ganges River was east of the Indus River. The climate was tropical and contained seasonal winds called monsoons. Monsoons during the winter were dry and went from land to the sea, letting little rain fall on the land. During summer monsoons wet winds go from ocean to land bringing rain with it. The mountain ranges, the Himalayas and Hindu Kush, were located near the north.

Initially, Dina Dalal is not worried about the Emergency, she feels that since she is in the middle class she has nothing to worry about: “[The Emergency is] government problems—games played by people in power. It doesn’t affect ordinary people like us” (83). However, immediately after the plan affects her personally, by de-housing the tailors, she changes her mind: “It’s terrible, government makes laws without thinking ... the government should let homeless people sleep on the pavements. Then my tailors wouldn’t have disappeared” (431). Dina represents what many of the callous middle-class citizens of Bombay feel: unworried until personally threatened. Also sharing displeased emotions with the government is Avinash who is part of the student body within the city. Students like Avinash are similarly subversive, fighting for better conditions in college, but more importantly for India. Avinash reveals that the “fundamental rights have been suspended, most of the opposition is under arrest, and ... [that] the press is being censored” (285). Although this group of students have more opportunities than many other, lower class, citizens, they are just as restless. Mistry continues to share how widespread similar emotions are by describing from the viewpoints of different social classes.

Born in 1906, R.K. Narayan was brought up in a country struggling to gain independence. ‘The M.C.C.’, an excerpt taken from the larger novel Swami and Friends by Narayan, was published in 1935, a time when Anti-British sentiments were at their height, engaging Indians from every corner of the country. In fact, Narayan himself was quoted as saying, “growing up in the first half of the twentieth century in India one couldn’t but be swept away by the rising tide of the nationalist movement,” (p. 202, Alam). The 1930’s were a time where “all that a writer could write about became inescapably political,” (p. 179, Alam). The first part of a trilogy, the semi-autobiographical Swami and Friends was Narayan’s first published work. The excerpt

India was administrative regulated by British for practically a century, with independence from Britain not expanded up until comparatively lately in August 1947. British colonization had an amount of momentous influences on the district, and many of which had permanent legacies on the nation’s economic and social positions. Though some of these effects were helpful and positive for India, many rooted in British imperial benefits being prioritized over domestic benefits, which led to an uneven pattern of expansion and feeble central administration. We will explore legacies of British colonialism in India, and concludes that a century of foreign control may have done more harm than good for the country’s development.

Malgonkar draws up very striking images to bring to the reader the stark realism of the times that he was a witness to. Through the writings of Malgonkar the readers understood the rise of nationalism with the youth being split into two schools of thought: one following the path of ahimsa or Gandhism, the other likes of Subhash Chandra Bose; he keenly observed the social and political changes that were taking place through the arising awareness towards the forces of destiny shaping the nation. At the same time, he describes the impact of the British rule on every aspect of Indian life even language and ethics; the growing communalism during the closing years of the British rule in India. In writing novels, Manohar Malgonkar has drawn from his vast experience and his observations of real people he had come across while he had served in the British Indian army from 1924 to 1952, having travelled to Indo-China and England.

This portrayal has different, interrelated dimensions – namely, lack of modernity, prejudice, and dependency. Throughout the film, India is portrayed as unmodernised. This links to the colonial fantasy of a traditional India. As previously mentioned, the original setting was changed from the ‘modern IT-hub’ Bangalore to the more traditional Jaipur. By using a more traditional Indian location over a modernised, technology-based one, the film chooses to portray India as ‘backward’. Thus, Bell’s argument that the film envisages India as ‘traditional’, ‘regressive’ and ‘unmodernised’ while ignoring its ‘economic development’ is convincing (2016, p.1979). This establishes further distance between India and western ‘first-world’ countries like Britain, thus fuelling colonial Orientalism’s idea of ‘European superiority over Oriental backwardness’ (Said, 2004, p.7). Indeed, Bell goes on to argue that this presentation “reinforces the colonialist values” of superiority within “these new settlers” and “the film overall.” (2016,

It reminds us of the political scenario of India of 1960 that ‘After Nehru, Who?’

The ideas and institutions of colonial modernity were brought to India from outside that is by the agents of European, especially British imperialism. This was in sharp contrast to the primarily or largely internal or indigenous processes through which Europe itself had launched its project of enlightenment and modernity. The claim of monopoly and expertise over modernity was used as justification by the colonial powers to fulfil its imperial ambitions. The colonial rule reflected dichotomies at two different levels. Firstly, liberty that was held to be the most sacred value of the enlightenment project was being curtailed through the process of colonialism- another product of the same project. Further, the same argument of modernity which was being used to enlarge civil liberties in west was used to deny basic rights to the colonial masses. This was also reflected in the case of freedom of expression. The people who celebrated and claimed freedom of expression and press as sacred in their own societies, under the garb of imperial rulers became its ardent critique in the colonies, restricting both free expression and freedom of press for their own benefits. For many, British India was a contradictory political formation. In Henry Maine’s words, it was a “most extraordinary experiment” involving “the virtually despotic government of a dependency by a free people.” These dichotomies produced a new context through the interaction of ‘east’ and ‘west’ which is clearly

In summary of the case, BJP had a big influence on India’s politics as the party won the election and focused on major domestic issues including nuclear policies at that time. Furthermore, India was governed by the party as the president gave opportunity to control its government. In terms of realism, India created a political community by giving major party whose policy is domestic opportunity to govern the state to exist domestically. Thus India got political autonomy and it can be one of the reasons why India tested nuclear devices in 1998.

Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation,[1] but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea.[2] [3] Usually, the term monsoon is used to refer to the rainy phase of a seasonally-changing pattern, although technically there is also a dry phase.

During this time, the people of India were going through an immense political and social struggle, as the country they lived in was under oppression. This oppression was not only physical, but also mental. The people of India had lost hope. They lived in fear, fear of what the British would do next.

In the same way the third novel is a coarse satire to the grotesquery of the governance and the whimsical nature of the government servants. We find India in its microcosm in this particular novel. Some say that it is a sequel to the first novel of Chatterjee’s ‘English, August’. Indeed, the author defies convention in his writing and he has also defied “conventional wisdom and proved that great book can have great sequals.”17

The study was conducted in Kolkata, ZSI, Latitude :22° 30 ' 51.6888" and Longitude: 88° 19 ' 30.5256" were recorded by GPS meter.A dead Gallus gallus (Linnaeus, 1758) was a bought from a market near Zoological Survey (ZSI) of India (n=3) for three seasons, Kolkata premises, and was kept in ambient outdoor conditions, inside the ZSI premises. The data for the abiotic factors was gathered from the meteorological data was collected from the Meterological Department, Alipore, Kolkata. The local climatic regimes of West Bengal is sub divided into three seasons, viz., pre monsoon (March to June), monsoon (July to October) and post monsoon (November to February). During the experiments, the measured average temperature (°C ) ranged from 35 – 43, in the pre monsoon season, 37 – 30, in the monsoon season and 35 – 25, in the post monsoon season. Relative humidity (%) ranged from 59 – 45, in the pre monsoon season, 90 - 75, during the monsoon season and 42 - 35, in the post monsoon season. Average precipatation was null during the pre and post monsoon seasons, the range of the monsoon season was found to be 58 – 35. And average wind speed (km/hr) ranged from 31 - 13, in the pre monsoon season, 20 - 12, in the monsoon and 15 – 8, in the post monsoon season. (See table.1).

Not only I you or anybody, everybody believes that India is a democratic country. But it doesn’t sound realistic today, and it needs a discussion and a lot of cerebration.