Density of a Known and Unknown Rock
By: Abigail Craig
Experiment Partners: Andria Vallero, Erin McDaniel, and Ragib Murtic
October 16, 2015
CHM 23000-23
Introduction
Matter is described as any object that holds mass and volume. Mass is the amount of matter in an object that is usually explained in the unit of kilograms. Volume is defined as the amount of space that matter takes up usually described by the unit liters. While mass and volume relate to matter, it also relates to density. Density is the amount of mass per unit volume. Common units for density include grams per milliliter for liquids, grams per centimeter for solids, and grams per liter for gases.
The purpose of this lab is to explore the ways of calculating density through
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Collect the materials from designated spots. The rocks chosen for the experiment should have a number written on them. Be sure to list the number of each rock on the lab sheet.
2. Label a spot on the lab sheet for each partner in the group for both trials.
3. Using the large rock, go to the balance and place the rock on the scale. Record your measurements in grams. When determining the amount of mass that the rock holds, be as accurate as possible and calculate the number to one estimated number between the lines of the smallest number. Each member of the group will need to perform this step. Record each measurement in the designated spot.
4. Measure the length, width, and height in centimeters using the ruler. Record observations. Each member of the group must do this as well. Record each member’s observations in the designated spot, next to the mass calculated by that same person.
5. Calculate the average of the masses by adding them together and then dividing by the number of students in each group. Calculate the average of the length, width, and height by performing the same type of calculation done with the mass. Multiply each average length, width, and height to calculate volume. Calculate the density by dividing the average mass by the average
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Volume for the Known Rock: 9.5 cm * 1.9 cm * 4.625 cm = 83.48125 cm cubed
Volume for the Unknown Rock: 4.85 cm * 1.925 cm * 4.85 cm = 45.2808 cm cubed
Density can be calculated by dividing the mass by the volume.
Density (mass/ volume) of the Known Rock: 216.175 g / 83.48125 cm cubed = 2.59 grams per centimeters cubed
Density (mass/ volume) of the Unknown Rock: 114.59 g/ 45.2808 cm cubed=
2.53 grams per centimeter cubed
Results
Each member of the group reported similar measurements. Most of the numbers featured were similar. The calculation of density used by the measured mass, length, width, and height by the students, was relatively close to the real density of the known rock. The results were both accurate and precise.
4. Predict: What do you think is the density of the whole block of Styrofoam? 0.2 g/cm3
because each of the objects displaced the water by 1 mL, their mass over that mL is their density.
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Purpose: Weighing objects. Figuring out the density with an object by calculated volume and Archimedes’ Principle.
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