Discuss The Common Sources Of Infection

Poor hand hygiene - spread of germs from one patient to another or spread for hands to surfaces.

1. Understanding epidemiologic concepts of the chain of transmission of organisms from host to victim, describe how EH could have been infected.

However, everybody who has contact with the patient or the environment is entitled to relevant information that will enable them to reduce the risks of transmission to

Provide some examples of sources of infection for novel diseases, including the mode of transmission for WNV. Why is this concern?

In this assignment I am going to explain how infections are caused by, bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. I will then explain how pathogenic microorganisms grow and spread.

Common sources of infection include food, water, sick people (colds and flu or winter vomiting virus), animals and poor housing

The sources of infection can be divided in two main groups. These are exogeneous and endogeneous sources. A source of the infection is

Respiratory (airborne infections breathed in), digestive (within foods/ drinks), blood circulation (via broken skin/ wounds), body fluids (sexually transmitted diseases, cross contamination, poor hygiene).

The spread of infection requires three elements. The first is; A source of infecting microorganisms: This could be an exogenous infection which arises from microorganisms external to the individual and do not exist as normal flora. They usually have a preferred portal of entry like the gastrointestinal for Salmonella. Another source is endogenous infections which can occur when part of the client’s flora becomes altered and an overgrowth results e.g. Yeasts infection. Second requirement is means of transmission for the microorganism, which also explains the three primary modes of pathogen transmission. For example, vertical transmission is when a pathogen is

Food production led to the causes of many things, some such as germs carried by farmers usually, technology, and literacy. Infections and diseases were led by various animals, being around them or being involved with them caused this. Some of the major diseases we get as humans are smallpox, tuberculosis, flu, plague, measles, malaria, and cholera. These are evolved and mainly gotten from animals, usually animals like house pets or farm animals, since humans interact with them more than other kinds of animals. Germs and microbes pass through victims and spread around fairly simple or not simple at all. Usually, the easiest way for a germ to spread is through waiting to be passed to another victim. As if someone who is “sick” is contagious and

Answer: Innate immune system or nonspecific resistance is also known as first line of defense. It’s nonspecific that means not design to target any specific microorganisms. Response time for innate immune system is very quick compare to adaptive immune system. These infections inhibited by the substance that change the humoral or cellular component of the host that mediated non specific resistance. They are not specific means they provide protection against a spectrum of organism. And they are vitamin, minerals, fatty acid and microbial product. These substances are major part of our diet. We consume food and get from it. Diet has both

After microorganisms enter the patient’s body they can go to the lungs and cause pneumonia. Central line-bloodstream infections occur when microorganism enter the bloodstream by the intravenous line. Microorganisms are transfer into the blood stream by inadequate hand hygiene or improper intravenous fluid, tubing, and site care practice. Multidrug-resistant organisms can cause infections of the blood, skin, or organ systems. These infections can arise due to the overuse or misuse of antibiotics, which can result in the microorganisms becoming more resistant to antibiotic therapy. Methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus and Clostridium difficile are examples of this kind of infection. Health care employees need to know the different types of hospital acquired infections and how they are spread to be able to effectively prevent them.

Infection control within a healthcare facility is the prevention of the spread of many microorganisms from patient to patient, patient to a member of staff and also from the staff member to the patient that are in there care. The World Health Organisation have defined healthcare associated infections as an infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other healthcare facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. Every healthcare facility from hospitals to general practitioners office should have a designated member of staff or a team of people who ensure that the infection control procedures are abided by and adhered to at all times in order to protect both staff and patients. More than 300,000 people each year are affected by a healthcare associated infection and the cost of treatment for these patients is over £3,000 and there is also the cost of treatment after discharge.

Opportunistic infections (OIs) are infections that happen frequently and are more serious in individuals with weakened immune systems, including individuals with HIV. They are called “opportunistic” because they can cause overwhelming illnesses and take advantage of your weakened immune system. Most life-threatening OIs occur when your CD4 count is beneath 200 cells/mm. OIs are less normal now than they were in the beginning of HIV and AIDS since there are better treatments to keep a person’s immune system stronger and also lessen the amount of HIV in a person’s body. However, many people with HIV still develop OIs because they may not aware of their HIV infection, they may not keep their HIV levels sufficiently low for their immune system

Regardless of which form of the disease the infected individual has if gone untreated the disease can be fatal.