Chapter 9
Motion Pictures
True/False
1. Without the phenomenon known as "persistence of vision," the motion picture would not be possible.
Ans: T
2. D. W. Griffith 's Birth of a Nation is celebrated for its forwardthinking content.
Ans: F
3. Though designed to decrease competition in the film industry, the MMPC actually encouraged competition.
Ans: T
4. Block booking means that theater owners must agree to show certain films in all the theaters they own.
Ans: F
5. The inventors of the Kinetoscope predicted the real money in motion pictures would be based on showing films to large audiences.
Ans: F
6. In the late 1940s, the courts upheld studios ' rights to control production,
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fiber optic cables
E. all of these
Ans: E
26. Film advertising and promotion is handled by the industry 's ________ arm.
A. creation
B. production
C. distribution
D. exhibition
E. ownership
Ans: C
27. The two newest MPAA categories are PG13 and:
A. X
B. R18
C. PG10
D. NC17
E. G10
Ans: D
28. Which of the following is NOT a defining feature of motion pictures?
A. device convergence has affected how films are made
B. the potential cost makes films the most expensive media product
C. the industry is dominated by big conglomerates
D. film has a strong aesthetic dimension
E. going to the movies is frequently a social experience
Ans: A
29. A narrative statement of plot with character descriptions and perhaps some sample dialogue is a:
A. preproduction
B. treatment
C. 1st draft script
D. script polish
E. storyline
Ans: B
30. The casting function of films generally falls into which of these areas?
A. exhibition
B. concession
C. production
D. distribution
E. none of these
Ans: C
31. Adding music and effects occurs during the __________ phase of filmmaking.
A. treatment
B. preproduction
C. production
D. post production
E. production review
Ans: D
32. A _____ means that several companies involved in film production and distribution will pool their resources and finance a film.
A. joint venture
B. limited partnership
C. pickup
D. sliding scale
E. concession
Ans:
5. The dawn of the '60s brought a new cleancut breed of rock star, thanks to American
Birth of a Nation uses its histrionic plot to show how tangled destinies of a southern and northern family before and after the Civil War. It willingly portrays southern blacks as spiteful and uncivil, the northern whites as crafty, dishonest, and conceited, and the film’s southern whites as anguish recurrent radical and erotic mortifications at the hands of white northerners and black southerners before factually being saved by the thoughtful, Ku Klux Klan. The film is divided to show the different aspects of those two sides during this historical time. During this time Africans were coming to America and it started the reconstruction on our country. D.W. Griffith made this film to show us the reality of racism at this point in time.
Howard Zinn 's A People 's History of the United States has been highly influential since its initial publication in 1980. It spawned adaptations for young readers (a two-volume adaptation by Rebecca Stefoff: A Young People 's History of the United States) and The People Speak, a History Channel documentary based on Zinn 's work. Zinn himself was until his death in 2010 a heroic figure to many, especially for this book and for his ongoing teaching and social activism, which were directly related.
Revolutionary Characters: What Made the Founders Different, by Gordon Wood, is a book showing what made the founding fathers of our country so great. Gordon Wood wrote the book to exhibit how much character mattered. Wood writes about each founding father: Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Franklin, Hamilton, Madison, and Paine individually displaying what made our founding fathers different. Present day we often ask, “why don’t we have such leaders like the founding fathers now?”, the book informs us how the founding fathers were different, making it easier to answer the question, by comparing them to their candidates. The book has received high praised, having a bunch of outstanding reviews from notable sources like The New York Times, The New
13) Refer to the table. What is the average number of customers in the queue plus the number being served?
Explain the role of the Kinetoscope during the period of cinema's invention. How did the Kinetoscope modify the capabilities of earlier camera and projection systems?
5. The threat of substitutes: This is the strongest force of competitive pressure that the movie exhibition industry faces. Not only are they competing among each other but they have to compete with every leisure activity a consumer has to choose from.
“D.W. Griffith was the first American director to be as well-known as the films he directed, and he was among the very first to insist that filmmaking was an art form” (Lewis 53). This statement is very true. However, the inherent discriminating content in some of his movies also made him one of the hardest to appreciate. One of the most famous examples was The Birth of a Nation (1915), which was in favor of the Ku Klux Klan. After a few more controversial movies, he finally tried to redeem his reputation with Broken Blossoms (1919). Broken Blossoms is Griffith’s attempt at an apology in the portrayal of minorities and the idea of miscegenation within The Birth of a Nation in the midst of a troubling society heading towards the anti-miscegenation law.
The Supreme Court ruled against the Hollywood’s monopoly of the film industry of the United States, directing that the production and distribution of movies be separated from movie exhibition practices. The ruling marked the death of studio era and led to numerous changes in film industry decades later. The paramount decision pushed the Twentieth century fox, Big Five studios, MGM, Paramount, RKO and Warner Bros companies to sell some of their theatre chains. The ruling went ahead to outlaw the price discriminatory and purchasing arrangements, fixing of admissions prices, block booking and
Film has revolutionized the world as we know it. In the current day and age film is quite advanced. You can watch movies with special effects and insane resolution there were never thought possible before. But film has not always been this way. Over the decades since around the 1900s when the first film was made there been amazing advances in technology and in acting. An examination of the past hundred or so years will show the amazing advances film has taken to come to what we know of it today.
The Birth of a Nation, arguably one of the most ambiguous names in the history of cinema, is only about to get more complex and chaotic. The Birth of a Nation was originally the title of D.W. Griffith’s 1915 racist propaganda film about the rise of the Ku Klux Klan who “saved” the South from being dictated by blacks during the Reconstruction era when the North tried to rebuild the South after the Civil War. Now, that title poises a new movie written, directed, produced, and starring actor Nate Parker that dramatizes the 1831 slave rebellion led by enslaved African-American Nat Turner.
The introduction of sound films in the late 1920’s was a divisive issue among those involved and interested in the emerging motion picture industry. Even though it wasn’t the sudden breakthrough it is often perceived to be, the addition of sound and voice to mainstream cinema revolutionized movie making and led to conflicting viewpoints as to whether or not this innovation was a positive progression for film as an art and as an industry.
It was Thomas Edison who was also responsible for the invention of Motion pictures . Thomas created equipment that would record and playback images so that they could be watched later on.
No matter who a person thinks invented the motion picture camera, whether it was Louis Lumiere or Thomas Edison, I'm sure they had no idea what it would become at the turn of the century. Motion pictures, has become an entertainment medium like no other. From Fred Ott's Sneeze to Psycho to Being John Malkovich, the evolution from moving pictures to a pure art form has been quite amazing. Different steps in filming techniques define eras in one of the most amazing ideas that was ever composed. Silent to Sound. Short to long. Black and white to color. Analog to Digital. All were important marks in the History of Motion Pictures. "It's different than other arts. It had to be invented"
During the mid to late years of the 19th century, a new form of entertainment emerged. Film entered the stage of innovation. New marketing and technological innovations developed for film to become the art it is today. In the 1830s, Joseph Plateau designed the Phenakistoscope. This device had a picture in the middle of a wheel made with mirrors and small openings. When spun, the Phenakistoscope made the picture appear to move. The name changed to Zoetrope in the 1860s and producers advertised the product as an accessory every home needed (Dixon & Foster, 2008). Later inventions that preceded the first motion picture camera include: Henry Du Mont’s Omiscope, Henry R. Heyl’s Phasmatrope, Eadweard Muybridge’s Zoöpraxiscope, Etienne-Jules Marey’s fusil photographique and Eastman Kodak’s chronophotographs (Parkinson, 1997). With a design by Thomas Edison, William Kennedy Laurie Dickson built the first modern movie camera, the Kinetograph, in 1890 (Dixon & Foster, 2008). In 1895, Auguste and Louis Lumiére patented the Cinématographe, a machine that combined the engineering of a camera and a projector (Bergan, 2006). Businessmen capitalized on the growing need for a place to witness these brand new films, thus they charged people to see them in their living rooms (Potter, 2014). These creations made movie-making a reality.