Energy Efficient Architectures and Key Techniques to Enable Energy Efficient Wireless Network in green radio project
Abstract:
Technical innovations changed every day life as fast and profoundly as the massive use of personal mobile communications. With rapid increase of modern communications networks, problems like emission of CO2 and energy consumption has emerged which have a potential adverse impact upon the environment and their operating energy costs are also increasing. Since 2006, data traffic on mobile networks has been increasing at a rate of approximately 300% and is expected to grow even at much faster rate. This has forced the researchers to address how to design future wireless networks which can reduce the energy
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In 2007, analyst Gartner reported that ICT sector share about 2% in carbon emissions. It might appear small at first sight but the overall footprint of the whole ICT sector is expected to double between 2007 and 2020. Mobile data traffic is going to increase dramatically in the next 5 years and one of the main reason is increase in mobile video traffic. In developing countries, electricity connections may not be directly available. So, for example, Vodafone uses extra 1 million gallons of gas per day to provide power their network. The above example gives us an idea of how the energy is consumed by the information technology. They are increasing energy costs with larger base station site densities which leads to increase in energy price. Many companies have decided to reduce carbon emissions, for example Vodafone has set a target to reduce it CO2 emissions by approximately 50% by 2020. From an operators perspective, lowering of operating expenditure is possible with reduce in energy consumption. 3% of world wide energy is used by the Information and Communication architecture which is causing 2% of world wide CO2 emmission. The main key reason behind the development of mobile VCE green radio program is to reduce carbon emissions (CO2) and Reduction in operating expenditure for wireless cellular networks. The challenge of energy reduction should be achieved without compromise in the quality of service which is experienced by the
The manageability of Verizon lessens there carbon impression through environmentally friendly power vitality speculations, building enhancements and armada operations. The majority of their vitality productivity techniques bolster their definitive objective of slicing Verizon's carbon force down the middle by 2020. There carbon force metric alludes to the measure of carbon emanations created per terabyte of information coursing through our systems. Since 2009, Verizon has enhanced our carbon power by 48 percent. They additionally put resources into renewable vitality. Driving their propelled systems requires a great deal of vitality. That is the reason they are centered on putting resources into renewable vitality and founding manageable land rehearses.
In this smart world there is a rapid growth in using mobile network for requesting many queries, especially videos.Problem is more Base Staion (BS) is required for providing a continuous service, for the user to view videos without getting buffer, or in degrading of video quality. Since more BS are required, all BS has to be active all time, therefore energy requirement is more. It cause more power consumption, also if BS is reduced for save power it leads to poor quality of service(QOS). During peak traffic load during rush hours, wireless access network must be over deployed. It requires lot of BS to be active even when many times slots in a BS are free while providing service. Also, in a low-traffic period, the user will not request any data, but the BS have to be active.
An adjacent industry to consider when looking at the sustainability of consumer electronica is the cell phone market. Although cellphones are borne out of the microprocessor revolution and therefore already out of league with the earlier television and radio era, the consumer oriented arch in terms of device longevity is paralleled.
As the introduction states, more than 75% of the worlds population is involved in this issue. Anyone who owns one or more devices including a cell phone, a computer, an iPod and anything that acts as a lightweight consumer can harm the environment now and in the future.
These days, there are several types of wireless devices are used for communication purpose. Smart phone and Networks are the part of our every day life.
This figure is due to the inefficiency of power amplifiers. It also affects the performance of the device too. These chips in the smartphone wastes 65 percent of their energy due to their inefficiency [11]. Now a startup which is spinout from MIT, ETA devices say that they have found the design for high efficiency. If the design works out properly then it would slash half of the power consumption on its implemented base stations.
Wireless, or cellular, networks have become one of the most common ways consumer’s access data in today’s world. This is quite interesting since the idea of having the ability to access the internet in any form, let alone having a consistent always on internet connection in the palm of your hand would have been something out of science fiction or James Bond not that long ago.
Abstract— The demand for wireless access is permanently growing and the transmission bandwidth is limited. Higher data rates and signal quality is always desired among the users; therefore a more efficient use of the frequency resource is needed to fill the user capacity needs. Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) is used to increase the capacity given by regular multiple access techniques (FDMA, TDMA and CDMA) using the user position information to provide access to the best communication channel based on their spatial location. This paper presents Smart Antenna techniques applied to SDMA systems as an efficient frequency usage technique.
Abstract In this document green radio network planning will be discussed.We will go through all the the problems leading to the green revolution issues like the increase in carbon emmissions and the need to decrease the energy consumption while still providing the required services.In particular this paper will discuss the different planing issues involving LTE technology planning green network planning solutions,carbon footprint.
The low power optimization techniques are very crucial for next generation wireless communication and battery powered signal processing applications. Several low power optimization techniques at circuit level and device level were implemented in past two decades to achieve low power Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) designs. However the continuously growing low power demand motivates researchers to evolve even low power designs. The architecture level low power optimization is possible for signal processing and the communication applications considering the dynamically fluctuating signal value.
By the work above, we found out two of the main factors that influence the power consumption. Then we will go further to explore the method to save energy of the phone. We did a survey on a number of papers and found several methods to achieve this goal.
4G wireless mobile communication networks are been specified to support display, battery and computational power etc. 4G wireless mobile communication networks should not focus on air interface and data rate, but instead cover advance wireless mobile communication networks and high speed wireless access system into different platforms.
The technique of energy harvesting from radio signals has received much attention in various applications in the recent time, such as radio-frequency identification systems [1] and body sensor networks with medical implants [2]. According to the 2010 wireless smart phone customer satisfaction study from J. D. Power and Associates, the iPhone received top marks in every category except for battery life. The latest report in China also reflects the same problem. Based on the data, up to 60% of the users complained that battery endurance was the greatest hurdle when using 3G services. (Daquan Feng, 2013) In recent year, a new concept of energy harvesting from wireless signal is the subject of interest of many researchers and
A decade ago, Communication systems haven’t been able to properly exploit the spatial component of mobile radio channel. Communication systems has been facing two main problems. One is using very small amount of energy and second is interference problem i.e., mixing of main signal with signal from other communication links. Here, the solution is eliminating interference and collecting total radiated energy. It may sound simple, but yes it is the solution. The system which can able to do these two works is smart antenna system.
Technological convergence in telecommunications and networking has made it possible to bring voice, data (internet) and other multimedia services over single channel. This has led to significant increase in network resource demands especially for wireless networks. To address these tremendous network demands we need to use communication resources efficiently i.e., through Cooperative communications.