Escherichia Coli Research Paper

An unknown bacterium was handed out by Dr. Honer. The appropriate tests were prepared and applied. The first procedure that was done was the gram stain. Under a microscope, if the gram stain is purple, the bacterium is gram positive, if the stain is red, it is gram negative. The next test was the fermentation tests for glucose, sucrose and

Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes 73,000 illnesses in the United States annually. A review of E. coli O157 outbreaks reported to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to better understand its epidemiology. E. coli O157 outbreaks revealed that in that period, 49 states reported 350 outbreaks, representing 8,598 cases, 1,493 (17%) hospitalizations, 354 (4%) hemolytic uremic syndrome cases, and 40 (0.5%) deaths. Clinical laboratories began examining more stool specimens for E. coli O157. In 1994, E. coli O157 became a nationally notifiable infection, and by 2000, reporting was mandatory in 48 states. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was first recognized as a pathogen in 1982 during an outbreak investigation of hemorrhagic colitis.

The CDC collaborated with public health officials in many states, the US FDA and the United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) to investigate an outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 infections.

Escherichia Coli is a rod-shaped bacterium that measures approximately 0.5 μm in width by 2 μm in length. It is a Gram-negative bacterium. Its cells stain gram negative because they have a thin cell wall with only one to two layers of peptidoglycan. They live in environments with higher temperatures rather than cooler temperatures. E. coli is said to be the “model organism”. Many microbiologists use these bacteria as a resource for understanding other prokaryotic life and are the most carefully studied life form on the planet. It was discovered by German-Austrian pediatrician Theodor Escherich in 1885.

The gram-negative bacilli were first discovered and described by Theodor Escherich, a German pediatrician in 1885. Originally named as Bacterium coli commune, the name was changed to Escherichia coli (E.coli) (Stanford T. Shulman et al., 2007). E.coli is known as the most free-living organism being studied. More than 700 E.coli serotypes have been discovered. Their “O” antigen (somatic), and “H” antigen (flagellar) and “K” antigen (capsular) distinguish the different E.coli serotypes. E.coli is commensal bacterial species of the mammalian colon. The bacterium typically colonizes the gastrointestinal tract of an infant within a few hours of life. It is known that E.coli and its human host-derived a mutual benefit that they coexist in good health. Most of E.coli strains are harmless except in immunocompromised hosts, or when gastrointestinal barriers are violated that even non-pathogenic strains can cause disease. Nevertheless, there are certain serotypes that may cause disease in humans and animals. Pathogenic E.coli can be divided into six recognized diarrheagenic categories: enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC), Shiga toxin-producing E.coli (STEC), enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E.coli (EAEC), enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC) and diffusely adherent E.coli (DAEC) (James B. Kaper et al., 2004). E.coli caused a major health problem in developing countries such as China and Korea. It has been found to be associated with most gastrointestinal diseases in

Escherichia coli, (E. coli) 0157 is a gram negative bacillus rod shaped bacterium it belongs to the Enterobacteriacea family. (Gould, 2011) E. coli 0157 is a member of a large group of bacterial germs that inhibit the intestinal tract of humans and other warm – blooded animals. (Marler, 2011). This bacterium can live in an environment with or without the presence of oxygen. E. coli has been around since the 1800’s. There is one good benefit to E. coli. Studies have found that E.- coli, colonizes the human bowel within a few weeks of birth and is beneficial to the human body because it reduces the risk of over growth by other bacteria that is more than likely to cause gastrointestinal infection. It was first detected in the stools of babies in 1885. (Gould, 2011) It is named after Esherich, the scientist who 1st isolated it. E. coli is the organism most known for causing urinary tract infections and is especially known for being a main contributor of diarrhea for individuals traveling overseas.

The purpose of this lab was to study the effectiveness of different antibacterial substances by measuring the zone of inhibition for the bacteria Escherichia coli. Which 10% soap solution, 10% household cleaning solution, or 10% disinfectant solution be the most effective in removing bacteria? This is an important question because it is useful in everyday life by deciding which solution would be most effective in removing bacteria.

Staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacteria. It stains Gram positive and is non-moving small round shaped or non-motile cocci. It is found in grape-like (staphylo-) clusters. is one of the five most common causes of infections after injury or surgery. It affects around 500,000 patients in American hospitals annually. It is abbreviated to “S. aureus” or “Staph aureus” in medical literature. S. aureus was discovered in Aberdeen, Scotland in 1880 by the surgeon Sir Alexander Ogston in pus from surgical abscesses. (Mandal, 2012).

Escherichia Coli also known as E. coli is a form of bacteria that can cause foodborne illness. While these bacteria are naturally found in the human intestines E. coli can cause a variety medical conditions including certain organ failure, death, and Urinary Tract Infection (Nordstrom &et.al, 2013,1). To avoid E. coli infections, which are often caused by foodborne illnesses, they are generally two schools of thought. The first of these deal with Agriculture practices that lessen the likely hood that consumers may contract an illness according to name year. The article titled Comparative examination of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 survival on romaine lettuce and in soil at two independent experimental sites look at the ag practices of till

E.coli O157:H7 bacteria was discovered in 1885 by a German scientist Theodor Escherich, his discovery also found that strands of the bacteria caused infants diarrhea and gastroenteritis which made this an important health discovery.” E. coli is one of the most frequent causes of many common bacterial infections, including cholecystitis bacteremia, cholangitis, urinary tract infection (UTI), and traveler's diarrhea, and other clinical infections such as neonatal meningitis and pneumonia.” Says the food poison journal, All You Need To Know About E. coli. The bacteria was first called bacterium coli but then was changed to Escherichia coli to honor the scientist that discovered it. There are over 700 serotypes of E. coli that are identified and not all of the ones identified are necessarily cause diseases in us humans, some help us and some give us infections. This disease is responsible for a big amount of contaminated foods and drinks. Foods that are

Bacteria of the Bacillus genus are known to be rod shaped and are usually motile. They are endospore-forming and obligate aerobes, which means that these cells need oxygen to live. Bacillus are Gram-variable. They all begin as Gram positive; however, after time and aging of these cells, there is a decrease in peptidoglycan which is why they are considered gram variable. These cells can be arranged in a variety of different ways, including chains, pairs, and singles. The Bacillus genus consists of approximately 370 different species (Priest et al., 1988). However, of all those 370 species, the only two that are pathogenic to humans are Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus. Not only does the Bacillus genus affect humans, but there are some

When analyzing the results, one can see that the data supports that each of the plasmid’s genes are unrelated, supporting the original hypothesis. Since each strain of the E. Coli. were collected from three separate farm of considerable difference the results are logical. Three different strains of bacterial contamination because there are three different genes. In order to stop the outbreak on the farms, each of the farmers should test the food, building material, etc. to determine the source of contamination. In order to prevent future outbreaks in the meat, the farmers should take more carefully precautions in handling, preparing, and packaging the meat. Even though E. Coli. is found naturally in the intestine, if the bacteria is spread

In this lab experiment, students had to create a growth curve for E. coli. The E. coli growth curve would illustrate the progression of the population of E. coli a set time period. In this case, the growth curve depicted the population of E. coli over a 12-hour period. The growth curve for E. coli was created from the absorbance levels, the optical density(OD), recorded from the spectrophotometer.

Each mixed culture that was tested had one gram positive and one gram negative bacterial species. The possible species of bacteria that could have been isolated from the mixtures included the following: Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium glutamicum, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The identities of the unknown species were determined through comparing the experimental data against data acquired from earlier experimentation.

Three agar plates were examined to see what type of microorganism was growing on each one. The agar plates were MAC (MacConkey), MSA and CLED. MAC plates are designed to selectively grow gram negative bacteria and prevent gram positive bacteria from growing. They are also used to differentiate between lactose and non-lactose gram negative rods.[4[ In the laboratory there were signs of red colonies/growth which indicates a gram negative microorganism present within the agar plate