Ground penetrating radar (GPR) can be used for numerous amount of applications. It is not only used for construction, but it can be use for archaeologists, marine scientists, geologic profiling and so forth. The GPR will send minute pulses of energy into the substance, record the time and strength for the return of the reflected signal. The control unit will send electrical pulses to the antenna which will then amplify this pulse and transmit it into the substance at a certain frequency. Determining what substance, the pulse hits it will have a strong or weak reflection. This information will come back into the control unit (in this case the GSSI SIR 20 was used which has a laptop preloaded with software to help process and interpret …show more content…
Dunes are formed by wind moving the dry sand that is well sorted and very fine to fine grained sand. The back-barrier region of the barrier island consists of the marsh, tidal flats, overwash fan and a lagoon. The overwash fan forms when storm surges through the dune and will spread over the marsh. The marshes and tidal flats are very important ecological systems and can be sefined has vegetated muddy flats. There are three different types of barrier islands. Wave dominated barriers are long and narrow and have low islands that have few tital inless and small ebb tide deltas. The overwash fan and windblown sand are commonly found in the backshore. Mixed energy barrier islands are the opposite of wave dominated barrier islands. These are short, fat, high islands, many large inlets with large ebb tide deltas. These islands also have a drumstick shape. In the Bennet et al. (2009) paper ontained nine GPR transverses at three different sites to obtain the evolution of Chesil Beach. The three different sites were Abbotsbury, Langton Herring, and Ferry Bridge. Through each of these GPR transveres, there is a lot of consistency to be seen of the internal structure of Chesil Beach. It was noted that the first phase had a landward transgression of small sand and gravel beach which crept upon the beach which lead to the accumulation of freshwater peat. This occurred between 7-5 k yr BP. The second phase involved the ‘“bulking out” of the beach’ when the sea
This investigation will be exploring whether the movement of pebbles, shingle, shells and other materials found on the beach have impacted on the shape and structure of Newhaven beach and Castlehead Cliff. One of the key processes this investigation will focus on is that of long shore drift caused by strong prevailing winds, prevailing wind is the direction from which the wind usually blows. Cliffs are made from mainly two materials, chalk which is at the bottom and sand and clay at the top. If cliffs are facing the direction of prevailing wind it may lead in high rates of cliff
The beach is a sand spit that stretches 2.8km long, linking to the sandstone of Sutherland Point at the east. Also the eastern side of the beach is the site on which captain cook first set foot on Australian soil in 1770. The beach is surrounded by various oil refineries and import terminals along with multiple houses that are alongside the road. There are a total of 13 groynes that have been placed in in the 1970’s to stop long shore drifts. At the end of the 13th groyne there is a jetty that stretches out for 1km that has been placed for the oil refinery. During the investigation both primary and secondary sources were discovered of the Silver beach at Kurnell. Focusing on the effects of pollution of the particular area, data was collected on the development and outcomes given from pollution. On the route to the beach there happened to a large industrial site rising many points regarding pollution, which will be discussed further
At Nudgee Beach, erosion was found to have occurred on the edges of the mangrove forest and along the mudflat shorelines. Erosion is typically influenced by natural factors and occurs when pieces of weathered rock or soil are moved – typically by wind and water – from one place to another. Shorelines with lots of sediment and sand are more inclined to be effected by erosional progression. Erosion may also be provoked and accelerated by human interference. For example, if the decision to clear trees and plants from an area is made, erosion is likely to occur as the root systems of plants work to hold the soil in place. If these root systems are removed and erosion does occur, environmental conditions – such as; landslides and flooding – are more likely to take place. Erosion may also cause other plants to tip over, have their underground roots exposed and damaged and contribute to the pollution of local waters; as a result of mud and soil runoff [26]. Erosion at Nudgee Beach was likely to have been influenced by natural factors; however, the development and extension of the Kedron Brook golfing course may contribute to the acceleration of erosional processes and further damage the mangrove
A healthy dune system contains a primary and secondary dune defined by the start of vegetation as you progress from the swash and berm. The vegetation helps stabilise the landform helping to protect it from erosion, it also helps the soil in the secondary dune to become more stable and erosion resistant. The decaying plant material creates humus which makes the soil more nutrient allowing greater plant diversity.
The 440 million year old Georgian Bay Formation is largely composed of fossiliferous grey-black shale (L1R). It also consists grey fine-grained limestone, sandstone and green/grey siltstone interbedded with green/grey and blue/grey shales (Bond et. al. 1976). The frequency of hard rock units increases toward the top of the formation. Recurrent tropical storms across the Ordovician seas caused the formation of shady, thin limestone with wave ripples on top. Numerous fossils can be found in the siltstones and limestone including molluscs, crinoids and gastropods
These are called barrier islands. Most are long and thin, oriented parallel to the shoreline. These islands have many things in common but also have many different characteristics. They all consist of a sandy beach facing the ocean or Gulf with several other habitat zones including dunes, swales, maritime forests, marshes and tidal flats. The specific natural environments vary from island to island. The bays, estuaries and lagoons found behind the islands are typically rich in marine life. The islands serve to protect these ecologically valuable places. These small land masses also protect human communities on the mainland from the destructive energy of tropical storms and hurricanes. Despite their protective function, barrier islands are very dynamic and always on the move. Their formation depends upon the movement of sand by waves, tides and currents, and these forces continue to act on all barrier islands. Many barrier islands are popular vacation sites. Resort towns have been developed on many of these islands. However, attempts to prevent erosional forces from threatening human-built structures are usually
Natural disasters are considered harmful in terms of coastal management and can often cause years of work to be wiped out. It can take large amounts of sand from the beach and remove plant life. Collaroy Beach has been a victim of such natural disasters. A large storm back in 1945 caused Collaroy Beach to empty out a large percentage of its sand and damaged many structures. Collaroy Beach’s local council, Warringah Council, has taken action to prevent storm damage in the future. A revetment wall has been established on the sand dunes so waves do not cause as much damage to the dunes behind. Warringah has also purchased properties that were residential and cleared them, so that a storm will not damage as many structures.
tides. There are also many programs which help to ensure the stabilization of dunes, these include the planting of new vegetation to combat erosion, fencing and designated
Barrier Island is a low edge of sand that is parallel to the mainland with a distance of 2 to 19 miles’ off the shoreline, 300 barrier islands border the shore of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to Padre Island, Texas. The barrier island defends the coast from the full power of storm waves. In the central of the barrier island and the mainland is a peaceful lagoon or a bay. Mainly most of these barrier island are 0.6-3 miles wide and amid from 9-18 miles long. The highest structures example of barrier island are sand dunes with the height of 16-33 feet; however, in some places the dunes can reach the height of 100 feet. Few barrier islands are initiated as spits that were then detached from the inland by upsurge corrosion, rising of sea level resulting
There are many different types of coasts that exist throughout the United States. The south shore of Long Island has a unique types of coast known as a barrier beach. Barrier beaches are long narrow land forms that are composed of sand and other lose sediments. These sediments are brought together by the actions of waves, currents and storm surges. Barrier beaches are subject to constant changes by the same forces. Sand is constantly eroded in one area an deposited in another. Barrier coasts are important for a number of reasons; they protect the mainland of Long Island from the open ocean and flooding during storms, for recreational use and the unique ecosystems which exist on barrier
There are 2 types of beaches. One is erosion dominant and the other is deposition
At Disaster Beach, a refuse pile was discovered containing shellfish remains. The pile most likely came to be because of Cardium Sp., which was located two-hundred yards inland from the high tide line. The inland did not have a complete rainforest to support the semi-sedentary system, but there were eucalyptus plants that helped. The high points were the only logical place with grain processing and potential religious activity like having a Shaman look over the sites. However, the high points did not have any detectable stratigraphy when they were studied. Carbon dating of three shell samples, in three separate units was taken, and then returned. The shell fragments found on Disaster Beach were dated at the
In the stories “The Cask of The Amontillado” and “The Thing in The Forest”, the themes loss, madness, and fear were used. They both seem to start with some type of loss and end with a type of madness. In both stories Montresor and Penny from “The Thing in The Forest” have lost something affecting their lives greatly. These losses put these characters in some type of state of madness. Their loss make these stories, they are the most important because without them, there wouldn’t be a story.
Throughout the whole play of MacBeth, William Shakespeare uses certain elements such as characterization and tone to demonstrate the importance of fate. Fate is the idea that whatever happens in life cannot be changed. Fate was an extremely important aspect used in Shakespearean plays back in the 16th century, and it’s an aspect that greatly affects the life of MacBeth. The first main evidence of the use of fate in MacBeth is found where the three witches predict the death of MacBeth. The Wayward sisters tell MacBeth that he will not be killed by anything that was born of a woman, “The power of man, for none of woman born shall harm MacBeth.”
I took part in the “Meeting People, Dating & Relationships” presented by Brittany Bouffard from the Office of International Affairs & The CU Denver Student & Community Counseling Center on 18/4/2017. This workshop gave me five new things, including challenges to know and make friend, some definitions of relationship and dating, variety of ways to meet people, how to date with person like Americans do and some tips for dating. All of these make me fascinating and are really useful. However, the latter two are most important for me. Firstly, I am an international student, so I really want to make American friends, and create more relationships, but I actually do not know how to date with people like Americans do. Fortunately, this workshop gave