Expectancy Theory Essay

Vroom’s expectancy theory explains that an individual’s belief that a given level of effort will result in successful performance at task (Fischer and Baack, 2013). This theory includes three primary elements: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. Effort leads to performance which leads to reward. In Debbie’s case her expectancy and instrumentality is low because she feels no matter how hard she tries she will never get the recognition she feels she deserves with this company. Debbie’s valance was high when she received praise and recognition for obtaining her Master’s degree, but again went low when she learn of the two LPN’s receiving pay increases not for furthering their education or taking on more responsibilities but for complaining.

The first group of Supervisor A’s employees fail to advance past the effort-performance relationship component of Expectancy theory. These employees have little to no expectancy that their effort translates into better performance. This is primarily because they believe the new production process is too difficult, as they have stated the new process requires more hand dexterity than they are currently capable of. To overcome this hurdle and make the production goals obtainable, the company should consider providing reasonable accommodations to make the production process less difficult for these employees. Secondly, the company should consider providing better training as it may be an issue of the employees not

The company’s first step to implement the expectancy theory of motivation is to devise a written plan of action. Supervisors should be educated on the expectancy theory and should receive motivational training. Supervisors should then start verbally recognizing those workers who are working hard to meet the production goals set forth, even if the goals are not being met. The supervisors should acknowledge these employees by awarding those who are who are working hard and achieving the company’s production goals positive performance evaluations. Employees seeing hard work leads to recognition and praise will be motivated to perform better.

Efforts of an individual depend on the motivational level. Efforts are the result of motivation. This motivation can be internal or external. Intensity, Direction and Persistence are three key elements of motivation.

Savaria’s motivation can be supported through the Vroom Expectancy Motivation Theory. This theory links the performance of an individual effort to his motivation with the purpose of increasing satisfaction and minimizing dissatisfaction. According to Vroom, the performance of an employee is based on individual factors; personality, skills, knowledge, experience and abilities. The Vroom theory accounts to three variables; Expectancy, Instrumentality, and Valance.

Job satisfaction is a key driver to corporate success. It is clear that at Perfect Pizzeria employees are dissatisfied with their work environment. In order to overcome job dissatisfaction, one might influence employee motivation by applying the expectancy theory - the theory of motivation that suggests employees are more likely to be motivated when they perceive their efforts will result in successful performance and ultimately, desired rewards and outcomes (McShane and Travaglione 2007, p146).

The expectancy theory was developed by Victor H. Vroom in 1964 as a systematic explanation of individual motivation within the workplace. This theory put forth three key components: expectancy, performance, and valence. From the base component of the theory, which is expectancy, behavior is built by an individual’s value of the reward or valence. Vroom’s theory of expectancy is used by manager to understand how individual employees are motivated and how they will respond to rewards closely tied to the tasks given. Expectancy is proposed to be an individual’s understanding of how their effort leads to a given performance level. Vroom put forth in his theory that individuals believe the more effort put into a task or objective, the better

This can also relate to the process theories such as the expectancy and equity theories. The expectancy theory (Appendix c) predicts that individuals will be motivated if they value the reward given for work and believe this is a just reward. By working hard and professionally they can achieve promotion and so become motivated. The basis of the equity theory is related to one’s perception of job input and outcomes and those of their colleagues (Appendix d). Employees in Primark who have high input and outcomes can see these outcomes through the opportunity of promotion. However such fairness does not always arise in Primark.

his sense of duty. He realizes the his decision must be based on the best

Motivation is central to understanding behavior in organizations and a key managerial factor. Two aspects of motivation are structuring tasks to satisfy worker and organizational needs and providing the proper direction for worker actions (Stroh, Northcraft and Neale, 2002). There are a number of factors when it comes to the difference in worker performance. One of these factors is related to different levels of ability

2. Explain the motivation of these three employees in terms of the expectancy theory of motivation.

Expectancy theory of motivation Hausser Food. Employees and organization both of them have expectation and needs. Organization have expectation to their employees through target. Employees have expectation to the organization or company through their reward if they can reach or above the target. In this point of view The employees of Florida team are feel under rewarded which although they have high E to P that have good P to O

The literature review, explain the theories which are related to the case study’s problems in order to the motivation and satisfy employees’ needs. There are three important theories include; organizational motivation justice, Maslow’s hierarchy needs theory, and expectancy theory.

Hollenback, J. (1979). A Matrix Method for Expectancy Research. Academy Of Management Review, 4(4), 579-587.

Motivation in the workplace is one of the major concerns that managers face when trying to encourage their employees to work harder and do what is expected of them on a day-to-day basis. According to Organizational Behavior by John R. Schermerhorn, James G. Hunt and Richard N. Osborn the definition of motivation is "the individual forces that account for the direction, level, and persistence of a person's effort expended at work." They go on to say that "motivation is a key concern in firms across the globe." Through the years there have been several theories as to what motivates employees to do their best at work. In order to better understand these theories we will apply them to a fictitious organization that has the following