Question 1: Explain object-oriented computer program development techniques.
(PART A) Compare the principles of object oriented and procedural techniques. Object Oriented: First of all, (OOP) is the short form of objected oriented programming. It is a programming paradigm based on the concept of “objects”,Which are data structures that handle data, In the form of fields, called attributes and code, In the form of procedures,often known as methods.
Procedural Language: A procedural language is a computer programming language that defines, In order, a group of commands. Further more, What does procedural language: This language handles a list of well structured steps and procedures within its programming framework to create a program and another thing is in this language and the the second name of that language Imperative language. (PART B) Justify your decision of using object-oriented techniques by describing the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques. Advantages of object oriented techniques
Improved software: OOP provides the facility of improved software Development productivity.
Re-usability: Items can be reused in distinctive projects. 3. Faster development: Reuse enables faster development. 4. Maintainability: Articles can be observed after separately, making areas and settling issues simpler. 5. Less cost of progress: The reuse of software also lowers the cost of
Every language has a grammar: a set of patterns and rules that we learn to use when we're reading.
First let us take a look at computer programming. This element takes on different program designs created by engineers and uses one of several different programming languages to write executable code that computers can read. Programming is the source for
Natural language here means a language that is spoken, written or signed by humans for general-purpose communication, as distinguished from formal languages (such as computer-programming languages) or constructed languages (such as Esperanto).
Machine code it the language that the computer understands. High level languages are better because they are easier to understand and work with.
‘Language’ is the learning of words and the skills required to form coherent sentences. It can include the learning to be bilingual – speaking two languages, for example, a pupil in Wales may learn to speak Welsh as well as English, learning the “rules” involved with language, for example, when describing words like ‘talk’ in different tenses, presence tense would be ‘I was talking’, the past tense would be ‘I talked’ and the future tense would be ‘I am going to talk’.
Linguistic: the scientific study of language and its structure, including the study of morphology, syntax, phonetics, and semantics.
The term language refers to an understood, systematic arrangement of signs, symbols and gestures used to communicate.
The program will be developed using object-oriented programming. This decision is based on the need for the program to have several components on the project, ease of use and time constraints. This approach is being taken in order to minimize coupling and make maintaining the application easier. The key components of the object-oriented approach which are useful to our application are encapsulation, class and inheritance, methods and messages, and instances and instantiation. Using this approach a structure can be created representing classes and objects and values assigned or inherited. It is the goal of the program to use the values from a specific lesson and rate its economic viability. Sense our application is largely based on values derived from calculations from user input object-oriented appears the best choice.
Inheritance is when a class (subclass) has the same attributes and methods of another class (parent class); this is done by creating class from an existing class. While a subclass has properties derived for the parent class, it can also have properties of its own.
Syntax The way in which linguistic elements (words and phrases) are arranged to form grammatical structure.
An assembly language is a low-level programming language for a computer, microcontroller, or other programmable device, in which each statement corresponds to a single machine code instruction. Each assembly language is specific to a particular computer architecture, in contrast to most high-level programming languages, which are generally portable across multiple systems.
Programming languages are vast and diverse in their numbers. These different languages use fundamental styles of programming called programming paradigms. These programming paradigms layout the particular design approach that a program will use to solve a problem or achieve an objective. Of the many different types of programming paradigms, some of the more distinguished ones are procedural, functional, logical, and object orientated programming. Recently the object orientated languages have been rising in popularity due to their ability to easily implement large programs. There are many different object orientated programming languages (OOPLs), among them are C#, Java, Ruby, and Python. This essay will compare and contrast two of these languages: Python and Java.
Imperative languages are based on the sequential execution of instructions that direct the computer system what steps to take in order to come up with a solution to a problem. This is achieved by the programmer setting states, such as assigning data to memory, altering states, and controlling the sequence of instructions (University of the People, n.d.). In order to achieve this, the programmer must have a complete plan of the process the computer will use achieve a solution. Issues that can arise with imperative languages are side effects caused by the status of states being altered in some unintentional fashion because the computer is executing the instructions, as outlined, by the programmer.
A procedural programming a program that contains a series of computational steps to be carried out. Procedural programming is a term to denote the way in which a computer programmer writes a program. This program works by using sequences of instructions. The types of procedural programming are pascal, c++ and c.
Syntax is the study of the rules governing such way in which words are combined to form of sentences in a language. It is the study of the inter-relationship between elements of sentence structure, and of the rules governing the arrangement of sentences in sequences. It is concerned with the way sentences are used by the author. If we concentrate on the structure and ordering of components within a sentence, we are studying what is technically know as the syntax of a language. It is the sequence or the ordering arrangement of elements which helps the writer to convey his intended meaning. The syntax tries to find out whether the sentences are simple, compound or complex, whether the structures are basic or derived, what their frequency is