This current study was formulated to test the four parenting styles as they relate to adolescents in four sets of outcomes. Parenting styles were assessed based on authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent or neglectful style of parenting. Adolescent outcomes were based on psychosocial development, school achievement, internalized distress, and problem behavior. The researchers compared how the different parenting styles related to the outcomes of the adolescents and how they compared with each other. The data for analysis was collected from self-report questionnaires given to families of approximately 4,100 14-18 year olds. Students attending nine high schools in Wisconsin and California were included in this study. Adolescents were given
With over three hundred million Americans and over six billion people worldwide parenting skills are essential to maintain a healthy society. Parenting involves many aspects and requires many skills. It is a time to nurture, instruct, and correct to develop fundamental skills children will need to be mature, responsible, and contributing adults to a society. There are four commonly identified parenting styles; authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting. Of the four parenting styles, two remain on opposite ends of the parenting spectrum. These two styles; authoritarian, and permissive both have deleterious results that are often visible throughout different developmental stages, such as rebellious behavior. As well
Would you have come out different if your parents used a different parenting style? If you are considered “cool” now could you have come out a nerd if your parents would have used a different parenting style? “Parenting style is one of the primary determinants of your child’s outcome whether he succeeds, achieves, meets the challenges, flounders, gives up, or runs from or fails in handling life.” (6) The purpose of this paper is to describe the outcomes, processes, labor, and techniques of parenting in a psychological point of view. Parenting styles are defined as the “manner in which parents express their beliefs on how to be a good or bad parent.” (4) Each parenting style has its weaknesses and
However, they"(Morin, 2015) do "allow exceptions to the rule"(Morin, 2015). Authoritarian Parenting establishes rules but expects that the children/child will follow them without exceptions. Permissive Parenting tends to be lenient and only tends to get involved when there is a serious problem. Uninvolved Parenting is neglectful, they seem to "not meet"(Morin, 2015) the "children's needs and expect"(Morin, 2015) them "to raise themselves."(Morin, 2015).
According to Arnett’s book on human development, the four basic types of parenting styles that exist are categorized as neglectful, permissive, authoritative, and authoritarian. Ideally, according to Arnett’s findings, most parents should aim to be authoritative parents, meaning they should aim to posses essential qualities in order to ensure successful communication with their child. Authoritative parents are described as flexible with their children, supportive, and democratic. However, they should also be assertive, set boundaries, and have high standards for their children as well. Even though being an authoritative parent best possible way to raise a child, according to Arnett’s articles, many parents are still permissive and
There is not one set way when it comes to parenting and how parents rise their child or children. A psychologist named Diana Baumrind, studied different parenting styles and their effect on child rearing. She came up with three types of parenting styles: authoritative authoritarian, and permissive. Then a fourth parenting style was added by Maccoby and Martin later on uninvolved parenting (Cherry, 2014). I will explain these different styles on the effect they have on a child weather a young child or adolescence.
Many psychologists throughout history have indulged in studies related to parenting behavior and how children are affected from such behavior. The work of Diana Baumrind, which is considered to be one of the most influential and well-studied theories of parenting behavior, was the first to identify three styles of parenting (Sclafani 44). These styles of parenting are called authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive. This paper will further explain descriptions of these styles and the typical behaviors of children as a result of each style. This paper will also provide insight on the parenting style I was raised on along with my thoughts on types of discipline I might use in the
According to the New York Metro Parents, a website that combines nine regional print magazines in New York’s Metropolitan areas, several studies of babies left to cry in their rooms show that parents can’t love a child too much. Ferberized children tend to grow up to be extremely successful later in life. These children grow up to be tomorrow’s doctors, firefighters, and millionaires of Silicon Valley. (Hogan and Haskell, 2). Most of today’s kids have one of the following types of parents: Indulgent, Authoritative, Neglectful, Authoritarian*. These are generally regarded as the four main types of parenting. These four styles of parenting are the stereotypical parenting styles most people identify one or both of their parents as. Indulgent parents tend to coddle their children and protect them from disappointment. Authoritative parents are people who have reasonable demands and rules usually met by children who respond well and listen to them. Though they have high expectations, these parents’ children tend to meet or exceed the expectations due to the resources the parent’s provide. These parents are known by some children as the “golden guardians.” They are what every parent who has ever purchased a parenting book strives to become. Authoritarian parents have extremely high expectations that are almost impossible to meet and very strict rules that must be followed unconditionally. These adults are the origin of parental nicknames such as “Scary Gary” and “Evil
There are several parenting styles which guide children throughout their life. These parenting styles can be either good or bad and this will have an effect on the child; either a positive or a negative one. This essay investigates the parenting styles from which emerge questions about the role of the mother and the father. It also focuses on the ways that either too much mothering or too much fathering might have an effect on the child’s identity later on in its life.
Kiadarbandsari, Madon, Hamson and Mehdinezhad Nouri expressed that authoritative parents display warmth and positive behaviors while setting strict rules and boundaries (2016). Authoritative parents and their children develop the healthiest relationship because of the support and discipline that these parents show towards their children (Chang, 2007). In these authoritative relationships, the child is encouraged through positive behavior. This helps the child develop a high self-esteem while building confidence. In terms of education, authoritative parenting is the most motivation parenting style. Authoritative parenting yields high academic success in adolescent children and progresses later through adulthood (Strage & Brandt, 1999). Abiding by the five C’s, authoritative parenting promotes an adolescent child’s competence, confidence, caring, connection and character. Therefore, authoritative parental styles yield the highest level of PYD in children (Kiadarbandsari, Madon, Hamson & Mehdinezhad Nouri,
Parenting styles are as diverse as parents themselves. Parenting is one of the most challenging and difficult responsibilities a person can face. The way a family is structured is called the parenting style. Parenting styles are collections of parental attitudes, practices, and non-verbal expressions that characterize the nature of parent-child relationships. Because individuals learn how to parent from many different examples including their own parents, role models, society and life experiences. Parenting techniques can vary greatly from household to household, however, experts believe that parenting styles can be broken down into four main categories which include permissive,authoritarian,authoritative,and
All parenting styles associate with the area of a child’s social skills, educational capability, psychosocial growth, and also the negative actions of a child. Parenting is extremely important in a child’s life in order to have a happy and successful life without dealing with unnecessary negative issues that can arise. This portion of the proposal describes literature relevant to the proposed study of this topic. It is organized into four sections: (1) the two aspects on how the parenting styles were based, (2) the four main types of parenting styles, (3) the effects that can result from the parenting styles, and (4) evaluation for results of previous research. The detail of effects on a child’s behavior will be further discussed in the methods section of the proposed study.
O’Byrne, Haddock, Poston, and Mid America Heart Institute (2002) investigated whether parenting style was a risk factor of smoking initiation and experimentation among adolescents and whether there was a relationship between parenting style and readiness to quit, and nicotine dependence among smokers. O’Byrne et al. (2002) defined current smokers as those who smoke regularly, experimenters as individuals who have smoked on one or two occasions, but have not smoked in the past month. Initiated smokers were considered both current smokers and individuals who smoked regularly in the past and then quit. Readiness to quit was categorized into four stages: precontemplation, for those who had no intent on quitting, contemplation, for those who may quit but not within the next 6 months, preparation, for those who will quit within the next 6 months and action, for those who will quit next month. Parenting style was measure by the Family of Origin Scale (FOS) which measured family intimacy and autonomy. This scale
Diane Baumrind’s typology has two major dimensions. The first dimension is responsiveness. In the text it mentions that responsiveness “refers to the extent in which parents respond to and meet the needs of their children.” (Knox 364). This is when parents support, encourage, and foster their children’s needs. The second dimension is demandingness which is “the matter in which parents place demands on children in regard to expectations and discipline.” (Knox 364). This is about how strict a parent is and how much control these use on their children.
Mr. and Mrs. HarshHeart believe in the importance of stern discipline and impose strict rules
The family system and parents are generally regarded as one of the most powerful forces in shaping adolescents. Parents have a great influence in the development of adolescents. The relationship of the parents largely effect the development of adolescents and is an important factor when looking at development. Well-adjusted adolescents tend to have intact families that are supportive and create a warm and loving environment with constant monitoring of behavior. The review examines the current research on adolescent development and how it is effected by parenting styles. Taking into account the changes that occur over time to parents this review shows the fluidity of parenting styles and the stressors that cause those changes.