Interview With Mary Robinson Is The Former President Of Ireland And The United Nations Human Rights Commissioner

A globalized society creates an increasingly complicated set of forces and factors that bring people, cultures, markets, and beliefs together. The improvement of technology, transportation, and communication means that in the last century businesses, governments, and people are being drawn into greater proximity with one another. As a result, the notion of civil society is slowly being challenged because state borders are no longer ‘containers of society’, meaning that the state is no longer a ‘fixed unit of sovereign space’ (Agnew, 59). One of the key phenomenon of globalization is the emergence of a global civil society. Global civil society refers to the ‘vast assembly of groups operating across borders and beyond the reach of

Jingoism intwined with governmental policy and “a majority…of Americans…grant[ing] spontaneous consent to foreign policy militancy” influences policies related to foreign and national security in the United States.1 European history of colonialism and imperialism impacted the development of foreign policy and national security. In Culture, National Identity, and the “Myth of America,” Walter L. Hixson leniently critiques American foreign policy, while advocating towards a more “cooperative internationalism.”2 Melvyn P. Leffler in National Security, Core Values, and Power fails to formulate an engaging argument for national security policies reflection of America core values. In reference to foreign and national security policy, both Hixson and Leffler refer to the impact of hegemony, with Leffler’s mention succinct and without specific detail. In the United States, foreign policy leans towards jingoism, while national security policy develops from general core values.

There are many different meanings to the term globalization, yet the constant throughout each meaning is the fact that globalization creates interconnectedness among citizens of the world that has not been experienced at such levels previously. Globalization as a theory is often applauded because it allows for a diffusion of knowledge as well as an increase in opportunities for most people. It does indeed create vast amounts of opportunities for both genders, yet it is biased to developed and industrialized nations. Globalization is hugely discriminatory against unskilled workers, most prominently women and children. In most countries, women

It seems that patriotism is one of the most common terms used during times of war. Governments often use propaganda about nationalism to advocate their political views of the hostilities. Sometimes they even force patriotism on their constituents with fear-mongering techniques, which can have dangerous implications. That’s not to say that patriotism is inherently bad—many wars have been won for just causes because of it. However, it is a mistake to only think of war at a national level. There are devastating effects on the soldiers, families, and victims of war hostilities. The stories read this week discuss the struggle between concern for macro-society (patriotism) and micro-society (family/personal interests) during war. While no

War is amongst the oldest social facts in human history. It promises power and honour; it also brings death and regret. As the bloodiest type of warfare, interstate war has aroused numerous reflections on the causes of it. Most scholars regard interstate wars as resulting from states’ intent for survival and power in an anarchic international system. Thus, the root motivations to go to war lie in the international politics. In their arguments, Michael Howard, Greg Cashman and Leonard C. Robinson, and Kenneth N. Waltz also share this viewpoint, though with their own different foci and emphases. Before discussing how their opinions relate to one another, I will first generalize their views separately, discussing the weaknesses and strengths

O’Leary (1997) argues that nationalism is the most significant form of political legitimacy in the modern world, as well as an astute component of modernity. According to O’Leary, nationalism is a principle that holds a nation to be institutionally expressed freely and collectively under the rule of its own co-nationals. However, not all share the views of O’Leary, with sections associating nationalism with regression as opposed to progression with regards to international relations. For instance, Anastasiou (2007) explains that Westerners and educated elites consider nationalism, both as a regressive force and as exclusivist in its nature, which demands reshaping of the future. Dione (2012) expresses arguably similar concerns by asking whether the new nationalism - which reduced the dominance of the West and facilitated

In “Imagined Communities,” Benedict Anderson raises a discussion on nationalism and the roots of its emergence in different cultural situations. Powerfully, Anderson states, “nationalism thinks in terms of historical destinies, while racism dreams of eternal contaminations, transmitted from the origins of time through an endless sequence of loathsome copulations: outside history,” relatable to the Vietnamese case of nationalism (Anderson, 148-9). The emergence of this patriotic sentiment can be attributed to ‘outside history,’ and the slow, but evident disintegration of a said cultural identity. ‘Outside history’ and the threatening presence of outside forces were all to easy to despise. With an obvious, discernible enemy, it was only

The post-Cold War era has been characterised by internal and deep-seated conflicts (Bercovitch 2011:2). Most of the violent conflicts that have arisen in these past decades come from intractable roots, as the conflictive patterns have become part of the social system (Notter and Diamond 1996:2). They stand out by a prolonged – and often violent – struggle by local groups, who are in the need of security, ethnic recognition, equality, access to political institutions or economic participation, among others (Azar 1991:93).

In the article Containing Fear: The Origins and Management of Ethnic Conflict, Lake and Rothchild sited that the intense ethnic conflict is most often caused by collective fear of the future (Lake and Rothchild 1996, 41). Their explanatory framework is rational choice oriented which based on the instrumentalist theory of ethnic conflict. For instrumentalists, ethnicity mask a deeper core of interests (Varshney 2009, 282). Therefore, along with ethnic lines, all scarce resourses arouse competition and struggles between individuals as well as organized ethnic groups (Lake and Rothchild 1996, 44-45), and such competition movements can only

Globalization on the whole blows negatively on the development and amalgamation of democratic governance. One form of this is the reduction of the ability of governments to take a decision and control events in their countries, and thus their culpability and responsiveness to their people, given the fact that the conditions, institutions and formations by which these decisions are taken are far from democratic.

The fact that states are socialized through endogenous and exogenous variables is impossible to deny. This socialization, Finnemore argues, leads states to accept new norms, values and perceptions of interest. These shifts are frequently felt on a global scale as perceptions of interest alter state relationships and vice versa. Military interests are merely a reflection of states interests; therefore, these newly adopted norms and values inevitably seep into the realm of military power and international security. However, military values prioritize the security of the state first and foremost, therefore, certain norms and values are either accepted later than the rest of a state’s society, or simply never accepted. An example of this would be women not being allowed to hold front-line infantry positions or certain high-level special operations roles in the military. Women not being able to hold certain positions in part due to a fear that they will ‘interfere with group cohesion’, does not accurately reflect the social norms and values we value so highly as a country; such as gender equality. International security is also heavily affected by adoptions of new values and norms seeing as states interact with other states, based on their perceptions of them. These perceptions are in turn shaped by the shared norms and values of that state’s society and how their interests are perceived.

The human rights of women have suffered through the years. Government and NGOs have been established through the years to help the suffering of women through diplomacy and actions to change cultural beliefs. These groups are here to help make the world a better place. “Global citizenship discourses often emphasize the importance of actively working to make the world a better place, an idea that hearkens back to the republican notion of citizenship as a desirable and valuable activity that enriches both the self and the community” (Campbell et al. 2010, 25). The protection of people has developed through the years by laws to

The general subject of this proposed study is Chinese nationalism and how it affects China’s foreign policy. More specifically, I will examine if, and how, domestic nationalist feelings impact Chinese foreign policy. When analyzing the outcome I will focus on whether or not emergent territorial concerns and traditional security issues will be put higher on the agenda after the level of nationalism has increased.

The main factor that influenced the world politics in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries is globalization. For some, globalization is an inevitable process which creates opportunities for people to make connection with each other around the world, communicate and share experiences. It carries political and economic changes which open up unprecedented opportunities for prosperity for all its citizens (Scholte, 2002). For others, globalization is a process of economic, political and cultural domination of the economically and militarily stronger countries over the weaker ones. Driven by corporate interests, it leads to greater inequalities between countries and within countries, undermines local traditions and culture, and

• With the resurgence of Nationalism, the world is heading to yet another mayhem on the planetary scale. Precisely, the Nationalism was just temporary ‘sidelined’ by the carefully conducted propaganda of globalism in order to assure peace and economic prosperity among basically ‘hooligan’ nations after WWII. Ex-militarist and ultra-nationalists who were satiated by the wars, especially those who suffered tremendously, have relatively quickly transformed own mentality and now as ‘Mature experienced Souls’ welcome peace and the generally coincidental propaganda trends. However, the planet has also changed dramatically, the multiplying population in several