MEC 325/580 Lab Report
CNC Machining Lab Report
Date: March 18, 2013
Group Leader: Jian Wu
Team Members:
Group Number: G4
Regment No.: D
Insturctor:
CONTENTS
1.Objective and introduction.
2.Principles and practice.
3.Design and result.
4.Conclusion and recommendations.
Appendices
1. Objective and introduction * Objectives Operate the CNC milling machine using G-codes, M-codes in a CNC program. * Equipment: Minitech CNC machine (Series 2) * Machine introduction Most CNC milling machines are computer controlled vertical mills with the ability to move the spindle vertically along the Z-axis. This extra degree of freedom permits their use in die sinking, engraving applications, and
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Most often it is some combination of the three. The speed at which the piece advances through the cutter is called feed rate, or just feed; it is most often measured in length of material per full revolution of the cutter.
As material passes through the cutting area of a milling machine, the blades of the cutter take swarfs of material at regular intervals. This non-continuous cutting operation means that no surface cut by a milling machine will ever be completely smooth; at a very close level (microscopic for very fine feed rates), it will always contain regular ridges. These ridges are known as revolution marks, because rather than being caused by the individual teeth of the cutter, they are caused by irregularities present in the cutter and milling machine; these irregularities amount to the cutter being at effectively different heights above the work piece at each point in its rotation. The height and occurrence of these ridges can be calculated from the diameter of the cutter and the feed. These revolution ridges create the roughness associated with surface finish. * Procedure 1. Power on and initialization 2. Load the program and simulate the code 3. Set up the origin and do a dry run 4. Run the machining
In order to accomplish this objective, weight assigned are W1= -0.1, W2=0.25 and W3=0.65. As in Table 5 and in Fig. 3, the optimal machining parameters predicted using SA are work speed (Vw= 51.15 m/min), feed rate (f = 16.30 mm/min) and depth of cut (d = 0.01 mm) for a minimum surface roughness of 0.476µm. For these parameters the roundness is found to be 0.028mm with a material removal rate of 20.34mm3/min.
This experiment was performed to observe differences in density based on the chemical makeup of an object. Pennies minted before 1982, pennies minted after 1982, and an unknown metal sample was tested to see if there were any differences in their densities. Ten pennies from each category and the metal sample were weighed using a scale to find mass and the displacement method was used to find their volumes. The masses and volumes were then used to calculate the densities of the pennies (D=m/v). The density of the pre-1982 pennies were 8.6 g/mL while the post-1982 pennies were 6.9 g/mL. The metal sample’s density was 1.7 g/mL. Following the experiment we were given the real densities of each item to calculate the percent error with the formula
There are many reasons for identifying an unknown bacterium. The reasons range from medical purposes, such as determining if the unknown could cause ailments in living things or knowing what microorganisms are needed to make antibiotics. The experiment was done by applying methods in order to identify an unknown bacterium.
A1.Work under the hood! With a pair of tongs, hold a strip of magnesium in a bunsen burner flame. Do not look directly at the flame. Save the ash in a small beaker for the next procedure. If magnesium is substance "A" in the general equation, what is "B"?
When the pH is not at its optimum, the differing pH's will disrupt the bonding between the R groups of the amino acid causing its structure and the shape of the activation site to change
Table 1 Concentration of protein, DNA, and ratio of the two in heart, kidney and liver of bos taurus. Average standard deviation of protein concentration is also shown.
The number of electrons forming a charge cloud around the nucleus is (pick one of the following) greater than; equal to; smaller than the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.
Paragraph 1 - How the Law of Conservation of Matter is supported by the experimental demonstrations: In the law of conservation particles and materials are neither created nor destroyed . It was similar towards the experimental demonstrations because nothing changed or destroyed in the processes .Kinetic and potential energy was used in the experiments.
The purpose of the lab was to determine the ratio of air to acetylene results in complete combustion of acetylene gas. The balanced chemical equation for this experiment was C2H2(g) + O2(g) --> CO2(g)+ H2O(l). Complete combustion is the reaction of an element or compound with oxygen to produce the most common oxides and energy. Complete combustion occurs when the fuel and oxygen combine in exact proportions to completely burn the fuel, which leaves a clean test tube. Incomplete combustion is the reaction of an element or compound with oxygen to produce some oxides with less oxygen than the most common oxides. Incomplete combustion occurs when there is not enough oxygen to react
The purpose of the “chi-square test” was to see if our data was in an acceptable range of a specific ratio listed above. The chi-square test took into account the expected deviations in the F2 offspring’s alleles.
The first process examined uses the Lablond Lathe machinery and requires a machined diameter of 7.7250, plus tight tolerances of + .0005 inches. A Process Capability Ratio (Cpk) analysis of the lathe’s data, results in a Cpk of .379 (exhibit A). A result of less than one indicates the machine is not capable of matching the tolerances laid out in the IMS spec. Therefore the Lablond Lathe is not suitable to handle the process it is being used for. Before a more suitable machine is selected, the Lablond Lathe should be checked for calibration, as should the measuring equipment used. If all fall within calibration specs, new
groups. It was conducted to further the research in choice overload and paralysis of the mind.
He argues that, while many processes were developed to improve metalworking after the war, the ones that ultimately prevailed were not the ones which were most efficient. He demonstrates how several alternate techniques actually had better results more quickly that the NC (Numeric Control) machining which eventually came to dominate the industries, and in fact the NC machines were often slower for a significant period of years.
The accuracy of CNC machines is mainly determined by a similar positioning resolution along all three orthogonal axes and by the diameter of the rotary cutting tools. There are factors that
NC Machining is a process used in the manufacturing sector that involves the use of computers to control machine tools. Tools that can be controlled in this manner include lathes, mills, routers and grinders. The CNC in CNC Machining stands for Computer Numerical Control. On the surface, it may look like a normal PC controls the machines, but the computer's unique software and control console are what really sets the system apart for use in CNC machining. Under CNC Machining, machine tools function through numerical control. A computer program is customized for an object and the machines are programmed with CNC machining language (called G-code) that essentially controls all features like feed rate, coordination, location