Lab Report: What Is A Hydrate Anhydrous Compound?

This experiment is based on determining the chemical formula for a hydrated compound containing copper, chloride, and water molecules in the crystal structure of the solid compound, using law of definite proportion. The general formula of the compound is CuxCly•zH2O, and aim is to determine chemical formula of this compound.

As a group, we obtained our salt mixture of calcium chloride and potassium oxalate, and weighed the mixture. We were able to make an aqueous solution from the mixture and distilled water. We boiled and filtered off the solution, leaving the precipitate. Once the precipitate was dried overnight, it was weighed and the mass was measured. Then we calculated the moles of the precipitate.

However, this is inconsistent with what we have been taught and with what is written in the textbook. Since the textbook is a more reliable source of information, I must conclude that the reason for this difference in results may be attributed to error on the part of the students conducting the experiment.

The mass of the water was found by subtracting the original mass of the hydrate by the anhydride, that was found after heating the hydrate and evaporating the water. However, if the hydrate was not fully heating and there was still excess water remaining, this excess water mass would be included in the anhydride mass. This would make the mass of the anhydride larger and the mass of the water smaller. If the mass of the water was smaller, then the amount of moles of water would also be smaller. The mole ratio of anhydride to water would be larger because the denominator in the ratio, water in this case, would be smaller, so the entire ratio would essentially increase. This would mean that the number of molecules of water would be smaller as a result.

The mass percent of water was determined using the mass of water and dividing it by the total mass of the hydrate and then multiplying that answer by 100%. The number of moles of water in a hydrate was determined by taking the mass of the water released and dividing it by the molar mass of water. The number of moles of water and the number of moles of the hydrate was used to calculate the ratio of moles of water to moles of the sample. This ratio was then used to write the new and balanced equation of the dehydration process. The sample was then rehydrated to the original state and the percent of the hydrate recovered was calculated by using the mass of the rehydrated sample by

molality m= (grams MgCl2÷95.21gmol of MgCl2)10mL H2O×1g H2O1 mL H2O×1 kg H2O1000 g H2O+grams of ice×% of ice melted×1 kg ice1000 g ice

.70 grams of iron from the total mass of the mixture (3 grams) the mass percent of the mixture was determined to be 23% iron.

How many moles of water are needed for 0.100 mol of sodium peroxide to react completely in this reaction?

Purpose of this experiment was to find the amount and percent of water in a hydrated salt. Also, to successfully determine percent error and standard deviation. Hydrated salts are substances that occur naturally who usually contain an amount of water molecules chemically bonded to the compound. A few hydrated salts have weak bonds within the water molecules which allows heat to remove the water molecules creating an anhydrous salt. Hydrated salts that lose water molecules to the atmosphere without a heat source are known as efflorescent. Salts that readily absorb water are called deliquescent. An example of an anhydrous salt would be Magnesium Sulfate or also known as Epsom Salt. Epsom salt separates under heating and becomes

Subtract the mass of the dehydrated compound from the mass of the hydrate to find out the mass of the water that was in the hydrate. (20.037g)

What must first be noted is that methane clathrate is a solid hydrate compound. A hydrate is typically a crystalline compound in which water molecules are chemically bound to another element.

H= 1.01g 4g H x (1 mol H / 1.01g H) = 3.96 mol H

Depending on the location, methane hydrate formation exists in various forms. A certain formation can contain sand as host sediments with methane hydrate mixed within; similarly, the host sediment can be made of rock, clay, silt, or a mixture of each. Depending on the composition of the host sediment, the formation has different mechanical strength, porosity, permeability, degree of saturation and other parameter. Depending on the location, the permeability of the formation can vary for several degrees of magnitude. [15] When hot water, steam, or CO2 is

Therefore, this essay will explore the hidden threat of methane hydrates as a significant contribution to future global warming by examining in depth the structure of methane hydrates and why this is crucial to the specific factors that determine the stability of methane hydrates and what environmental changes are necessary to destabilise this as well as their past and future threats to global

Crystals grow in water or another liquid because it can only hold a certain amount of solute. When the temperature of the solution is increased, hot water can dissolve more solid substances than cold water. This can happen because warm water makes molecules move apart. This makes room for more solid substance to dissolve. When a solid can’t be dissolved anymore, the solution is said to be saturated. As this solution cools, the water molecules tighten up again and there 's less room for the solution to hold onto the dissolved solid.