CALS 165A FINAL EXAM
Fall 2014
Final Exam
Huynh, K
CALS 165A, Section Monday 2:00-3:50pm
Fall 2014
#1.
The Pachuco figure is viewed as both a hero and villain when compared to the border-corrido hero. There is a generational difference of Mexican Americans’ perceptions of the pachuco and zoot subculture. To begin with, the Mexican American generation belittled the pachuco and zoot subculture. Due to this, Chicano writers began to point to zoot subculture specifically to the Sleep Lagoon incident and Zoot Suit Riots. Some Mexican Americans valorized the pachuco as a hero. The pachuco figure was viewed as a hero because they represented the Chicano resistance and style in the Chicano movement. Luis Valdez also declared the pachuco as a “Chicano folk hero” and credited him with being an inspiration to the Chicano Movement in the 1960s.
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Within the Chicano community, the style and subculture of pachucos has received much attention. It appears pachucos were a menace to the middle class Mexican Americans. Chicano writers stressed that the zoot suit was more than a trend for the pachuco. They argued that the zoot suit functioned as a sign of defiance and difference, which may lead to violence within the Chicano movement. Pachucos associate with youth rebellion and juvenile delinquency, which society then views them as trouble makers. All in all, the pachuco can be identified as both a hero and villain in the Chicano
The style and behavior of the Pachucos serves as a form of cultural resistance because they exhibit themselves differently from the Anglo American. By deviating from what is considered the norm, they create their own style and preferences which then leads Anglo Americans to create negative stereotypes based on their appearance . Typically, pachucos are believed to be working class, without education and criminals In addition, Arturo Madrid explains in his article about Kid Zopilote, the way that a Chicano writer created and mocked as the typical pachuco who “At best was simpleminded and unambitious; at worst he suffers from arrested development.” . However, they defy this notion by wearing very expensive zoot suits, which allow them to assert their style and resist the White Anglo standards. For Chicanos, the zoot suits can signify a sense of upward mobility. Katherine S. Ramirez mentions that Chicanos way of
Jose Antonio Burciaga was born on August of 1940, in El Paso, Texas. In 1966 Mr. Burciaga became a graphic illustrator and moved to California with this wife and began writing critical assessments for numerous newspapers and journals. Arriving at Stanford University, the Burciagaas were integral in helping to develop and support numerous Hispanic organizations including El Centro Chicano, a local Latino student center. Mr. Burciaga is most famous for his mural the “Last Supper of Chicano Heroes”, which he painted at the university with the help of his students. Burciaga is also famous for expressing the flaws of social and political systems and used irony and satire to explore issues of racism and discrimination. (HispanicHeritage.Org). I believe this book was included in the ethnic studies group curriculum because Burciaga was famous for expressing the flaws of the government and politicians and people like Tom Horne saw that as a threat.
During the 1970’s, Mexican Americans were involved in a large social movement called the "Chicano movement." Corresponding with the great development of the black civil rights movement, Mexican Americans began to take part in a series of different social protests in which they demanded equal rights for themselves. Composed mainly of Mexican American students and youth, these activists focused on maintaining a pride for their culture as well as their ethnicity to fuel their political campaign. Left out of this campaign initially though were Mexican immigrants.
They are Mexican-American. Their equality rights do not accept in America society. They and their family always spend the life by examining of American government. Henry Reyna, El Pachuco, the Navy during the World War II. He is the young Mexican-American generation. He lives in the South Central Los Angeles, California. They are a mythical figure, a rebellious, street-smart, young Chicano. They make up their hair style. He dresses a long jacket, a baggy trousers, and a lengthy watch chain. He and his people dance with their girlfriends. They wear the zoot suit, the big pride of Mexican-American about the Mexican male, they make the belief to the rebellious generation for the equality rights struggling. Henry and his gang are the antagonist characters to serve the holistic of the world. He kills the murder, help the media, and fed their headline by the police (Scene 1, Act 5, page). Luis Valdez success to create the danger of the character, El Pachuco is in to Henry and the opposite. The riots break out in the streets. the zoot suiters are targeted, the suspects stripped by sailors and marines based on the racism, the discrimination profile. The author is successful to describe the press, the media communication. The laws use the name to disguise discriminate. They create the dangerous situation for their ruse. Their
During the 1960’s, the Civil Rights Movement wasn’t the only one occurring. Struggling to assimilate into American culture, and suppressed by social injustices convicted by their Anglo counterparts, the Chicano movement was born. In the epic poem “I am Joaquin” written by Rodolfo Gonzales in 1969, we dive into what it means to be a Chicano. Through this poem, we see the struggles of the Chicano people portrayed by the narrator, in an attempt to grasp the American’s attention during the time of these movements. Hoping to shed light on the issues and struggles the Chicano population faced, Gonzales writes this epic in an attempt to strengthen the movement taking place, and to give Chicanos a sense of belonging and solidarity in this now
In the 1940’s there were much of discrimination towards the Mexican race. Chicanos were discriminated by their clothing. Chicanos found their clothing way of expression and a way of identifying themselves in their Mexican-American culture. Henry Reyna takes pride in his culture and his way of style. According to an article the Pachuco style from 1940’s was the oversized zoo suits with their hats and their long chains on the side of their body. This was how Henry dressed to impress. “Dolores: Mira mojo. I know you work hard for your clothes. And I know how much they mean to you…… I
Pancho, McFarland. Chicano Rap: Gender and Violence in the Postindustrial Barrio. University of Texas Press, 2012 . Print
The myth is embedded into the fabric of Chicano culture to the extent that even women who have never heard of the myth experience the affect of its existence.
In my analysis of this novel, The Adventure of Don Chipote or, When Parrots Breast-Feed by Daniel Venegas, I kept in mind that Nicolás Kanellos put great effort into getting this novel circulated in Spanish and in English. Kanellos argues that Spanish-language immigrant novels more accurately present the “evils” of American society such as oppression of the immigrant workers and deconstructs the myth of the American Dream, which permeates in English-language ethnic autobiographies. I believe Kanellos felt so passionately about circulating this particular novel was due to the fact that in Venegas’ novel we see clear representations of the three U.S. Hispanic cultures that Kanellos presents which are the native, the immigrant, and the exile cultures.
We see a large contrast between the American characters and Mexican characters in the film. The American characters are chivalrous, courageous and dressed in a typical “Western” fashion; raccoon fur hats, formal wear or button down shirts while the Mexican characters are depicted as cowards and womanizing drunks in sombreros, ponchos or soldier uniforms with darkened skin. These negative depictions of Mexicans are used as a contrast from this perfect image of what it is to be “American”. For example, the General Santa Ana is portrayed to be a weak leader who is detached from the battle and who is preoccupied with exploiting women. In contrast to Davy Crockett who is able to band together with others to fight and protect Texas while on the battle front. Griffin uses these historic Alamo figures to emulate what it means to belong to America. The idea of Americans not backing down against a threat is portrayed through figures like Davy Crocket.
Many activists began to shun their alleged white ethnic background and the assimilation?s ideas. A play, written by Ysidro Ramón Macias called The Ultimate Pendejada criticized the assimilation idea and stressed a Chicano identity which focused more on the indigenous and African roots of Mexican heritage.
Wearing odd articles of clothing nowadays has nothing to do with the government. On the contrary, wearing odd articles of clothing in the midst of a world war can get you into a lot of trouble. All that you have to do is tune in on the pachuca crisis that occurred in Los Angeles. The term “pachuco” and “pachuca” was donned onto young Mexican men and women who wore attire unbefitting the American norm. In Escobedo’s article, “The Pachuca Panic: Sexual and Cultural Battlegrounds in World War II Los Angeles,” she thoroughly details the crisis of families and authorities who have had affiliations especially towards Mexican women presenting themselves in a way that resembles a pachuca. The rising problem that revolved around this issue which will be expanded further argues about the identity of what a pachuca is and its involvement to the “panic” of both the Anglo and first generation Mexican communities.
Throughout the play there are underlying theme that suggest different ideas. The themes I will discuss is how Mexican American men are portrayed in relation
During the 19th Century, the United States sought to expand westwards and increase their land. Since Mexico stood in the way they did all they could to provoke it and start a war. “The Mexicans fired the first shot. But they had done what the American government wanted” (Zinn 151). What they wanted was California, soon they wanted Texas and then Arizona and New Mexico came along. For a long period of time, probably still today; Mexican-Americans are seen as “an ahistoric people” (Romano 44). An assumption that is completely wrong. Mexican American have been fighting for their rights and equality since they became part of America. In fact, they had two movements conduct by different generations. The Mexican-American Generation between 1930 and 1960; and the Chicano generation between 1945-1960. Although both generations were had the same ancestry, they had different worldview because of their history and the events that were going on in their time. Both Mexican-American generation and Chicano generation similarities and differences help understand the overall Chicano history in the 20th Century.
First and foremost, this novel is about Chicano people and the struggles they endured. While each small passage can be viewed as the progression of the unknown male protagonist, it also gives a multitude of other views as well. Middle-aged male