Stoichiometry Lab Report

Stoichiometry is a very important part of chemistry. Stoichiometry refers to calculating the masses of molecules and their products . The reactants are usually given and stoichiometry is used to find the products of the equations as well balancing the equation. An example of this would be sodium chloride (NaCl). Stoichiometry will say that if there are ten thousand atoms of sodium and one atom of chlorine, only one molecule of sodium chloride can be made and that fact can never be changed.

The concentrations and absorbances of the red and blue dyes were used to find the concentration of the purple dyes. From the graph of the blue dye, the linear equation for absorbance was y = mx + b. From that formula came the equation y = 7.915 x 104 (x) + 0.02489, where y represents absorbance, m is slope, x is concentration/molarity, and b is the constant/y-intercept. The same set up was performed for the red dye, but the equation produced was y = 1.045 x 104 (x) +.001298. The equations found when graphing absorbance vs. concentration were used to find the concentration of the purple dyes. The absorbance for purple dye 3 on the red wavelength of 470 nm equaled 0.149 and 0.818 for the blue wavelength of 635 nm. For purple dye 1

With these absorbance numbers a concentration curve was constructed and the unknown solution was determined by finding the point of absorbance on the curve.

Water is crucial to life. Every human being needs water to survive. Water helps the body by nourishing the body, makes up most of our body, and helps with a healthy diet. However, people get water in different ways. One way to get this healthy drink is through bottled water. There is a huge debate whether or not bottled water is the way to go. The benefits of bottled water do outweigh the costs by several reasons.

Powerade and Gatorade are two very successful companies; in some ways, they?re alike and in other areas, they are very different. To compare and contrast these companies, we?re going to look at a television commercial advertising they?ve each produced. Each of these commercials involve basketball as their sporting backdrop, but more importantly, both commercials utilize the rhetorical triangle: Ethnos, Pathos, and Logic. These three things are used to persuade the audience.

The concentration of glucose in Gatorade was analyzed with a calibration curve, and to insured the best fit was used all R2 were of 0.99 or better (Figure 1). The calibration curve created with data of samples 1 to 7, with glucose concentration that ranged from 0.1mM to 0.06mM (Table 1). The calibrated samples were made with known glucose and to attain the concentration of glucose, specific enzymes that react with ferrocyanide and glucose were used. The first reaction of glucose oxidase, O2 and glucose were bind to create beta D-glucolactone and hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide with a 1:1 stoiquiometric ration to glucose is catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase to Ferrocyanide. (lab manual) The final product of the enzymes catalysis is

Gatorade is a sports drink that is used to put electrolytes back into an athlete’s body after a long workout. Athletic trainers, for most sports teams, make two ten-gallon coolers full of Gatorade for the athletes after practice. To make Gatorade in a ten-gallon cooler you will need, a ten gallon cooler, 30 ounces of Gatorade powder, a long spoon or Gatorade stirrer, water, and ice.

For this experiment, the amounts of Red 40 and Blue 1 were quantified in six different Kool-Aid samples through the use of a spectrophotometer. This was completing by performing serial dilutions on both dyes, Red 40 and Blue 1, and then creating calibration curves for each of the six samples. The absorbance and maximum wavelength values were obtained from the spectrophotometer for each individual drink sample. Beer’s Law was used to discover the concentration of

An experiment was done to determine the concentration of Allura Red in a commercially available beverage, Gatorade. This was done by using the colorimeter, the absorbance of five Allura Red solutions were measured. The graph obtained demonstrated a linear relationship and the equation obtained yielded a concentration of 1.9910-6M.

The values of color absorbance are effective because color absorbance has a linear relationship with concentration values, which in turn, allows us to easily find concentration values for many solutions. Beer’s law describes this phenomenon since the absorbance is directly proportional to concentration. We observed that as the color absorbance increased, the concentration of the FeSCN2+ complex ion increased. This is because as the FeSCN2+ concentration increases, the blood-red color becomes darker due to more presence of the blood-red FeSCN2+ ion. Therefore, the color absorbance increases because there is more blue color absorbed by the darker red color. We then graphed the absorbance and concentration values and created a line of best fit. Using the line of best fit, we were able to predict the equilibrium concentrations of the FeSCN2+ solutions and find the change required to reach equilibrium. Since we already knew the initial concentration of FeSCN2+ and since we already found the equilibrium concentration of FeSCN2+, we can calculate the change in equilibrium. Using this data, we were able to calculate the equilibrium concentration of all of the species in this lab, since we already knew the change from the initial concentration to the equilibrium change. Q is less than K because there was no initial concentration of FeSCN2+, but after the system reached

Have you ever gotten a sports drink instead of a soda thinking you were choosing a healthier option? Well this might change your perspective. Powerade and Gatorade are just watered down soda; yes,  it gives you electrolytes which is what you lose when you sweat, but that does not mean it is good for you. There are many other healthier ways of getting electrolytes than by just drinking a sugar drink. In the Powerade article written by the company does not argue about how water is not helpful to athletes and does not have the opposing argument. Although the gatorade article written by David R. Lamb they make it more persuasive than informational.

The concentration of sugars in two well-known sports drinks, Powerade and Gatorade, were determined by monitoring an enzyme-catalysed reaction sequence involving the appearance of NADPH. Sucrose and glucose concentrations were calculated from the concentration of NADPH formed by the reaction of glucose-6-phosphate and NADP+. Spectrophotometric absorbance readings were taken at 340nm, this is because NADPH absorbs strongly at this wavelength, whilst NADP+ does not (1015MSC, 2010). The concentration of glucose and sucrose in

Stoichiometry has many uses in the real world. In the chemical industry and in professional scientific experiments, scientists use stoichiometry to save money. Scientists use stoichiometric calculations to determine the amount of a substance they need to purchase for a specific reaction. There are four possible reactions that can occur when sodium bicarbonate thermally decomposes. In this lab, stoichiometry was used to find out which balanced chemical equation out the four best represents the thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate.

Struvite has a general chemical formula X+Y2+PO4 nH2O, where n= 6-8. It can be formed in the presence of Mg2+, NH+4 and PO3-4 ions with 1:1:1 molar ratio according to the equation (with n= 0, 1, and 2, as a function of pH) [1]: Mg2++NH+4 +HnPO4n-3+6H2O → MgNH4PO46H2O+nH+ (1) The struvite crystallization can occur as a result of alteration in the pH value and the fraction of ionization of each component (e.g., ammonia vs. ammonium ion and Mg++ vs. MgO+) [19, 20].

The purpose of this experiment was to determine how much KMnO4 was needed to titrate approximately 1 mL of an Unknow X101 concentrated solution of Oxalic Acid. A standardized KMnO4 solution was used on a known solution of Oxalic acid to help determine the unknown percent oxalic acid in unknown X101. The unknown sample for this experiment was sample x101 which theoretically was a % Oxalic Acid dehydrate sample but, the average of all three trials determined it to be a 6.7% percent Oxalic acid.