“LEUKEMIA” CANCER OF THE BLOOD
INTRODUCTION
“You have to realize that every well person is a miracle, it takes billions of cells to make up a person, and it will only take one cell to be bad to destroy the whole person”, this quote is from Barbara Bush from one of her past interviews about a daughter she lost with leukemia (Cunningham, 1988). This quote reminded me five years ago, when my niece was diagnosed with leukemia. She does not only have one bad cell inside her body but she has extra 330,000 counts of white blood cells that are not normal. It was summer of year 2008 when my niece who is freshmen in high school was diagnosed with leukemia or cancer of the blood. Leukemia is a cancer that starts in the tissue that forms blood and
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This type of leukemia affects the myeloid cells and usually gets worse slowly. This type of leukemia occurs frequently in adults in their 50’s and is rarely seen in children. CML is also classified into three district phases, the chronic phase, accelerated phase and the blast crisis. Knowing the CML phase plays a large part in determining the type of treatment a patient will receive (Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, 2012). Each phase describes the CML’s progression which determined by the number of blast cells. * Chronic Phase, this phase is made up of patients with fewer than five percent blast in their blood and bone marrow samples (The Survivors Club Staff, 2012). During this phase, the white cells can still fight infection. Patients in this phase have a very mild symptoms or not noticeable. In most cases, long term drug therapy can control this phase. * Accelerated Phase, in this phase, the patients have more than five percent but less than thirty percent blast in their blood and bone marrow samples. Most patients within the accelerated phase suffer from loss of appetite and weight loss and do not respond as well as to traditional treatments. * Blast Crisis Phase or Acute Blast Phase, in this phase the patients has more than thirty percent blast cells and the cancer has spread from the bone marrow to other organs (The Survivor’s
Scenario: John is a 4 year-old boy who was admitted for chemotherapy following diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). He had a white blood cell count of 250,000. Clinical presentation included loss of appetite, easily bruised, gum bleeding, and fatigue. Physical examination revealed marked splenomegaly, pale skin color, temperature of 102°F, and upper abdomen tenderness along with nonspecific arthralgia.
Stage III: from when the tumor first appeared, has grown dramatically and continues to travel through the body.
II. Thesis: Today I have the opportunity to inform you all about the number one childhood cancer, Leukemia, and also the new technologies we are using to help combat this disease.
Leukemia a cancer of the white blood cells (leukocytes) of the body. These develop from somatic stem cells. Mature leukocytes are released into the bloodstream, where they work to fight infections. Leukemia appears when white blood cells begin to function abnormally and become cancerous. These cancerous cells cannot fight infections, and they interfere with the functionality of the other
Secondary phase involves skin rashes as well as lesions in your mouth, vagina, or anus. Fever, swollen lymph organs, and exhaustion are all possible
Stage I: The tumor is limited to the upper part of the uterus and has not spread to the surround lymph nodes or other organs.
The first treatment given for the disease is induction therapy. It is often a part of a standard set of treatments, such as surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiation. Induction therapy targets and eliminates leukemia cells in the blood and bone marrow to induce remission. Induction usually lasts 4 weeks and it is done in a hospital. But some people who
with the lung. (2) Stage II A/B is when the tumor has spread to the lymph nodes in the tracheal area, including the chest wall and the diaphragm. Stage III A is when the tumor has spread to lymph nodes on the opposite lung or on the neck. Finally, Stage IV, the most severe stage, is when the tumor has spread beyond the chest. (2) On the other hand, SCLC only has two stages of cancer growth. Limited is when the tumor is only found in one lung and the nearby lymph nodes. Extensive is when the tumor has spread beyond the lung into other organs.
has been shown to be a factor in the incidences of leukemia and sometimes it is
Stage two, is were the cancer is being divided into the stomach wall and goes in two parts of the lymph nodes one or two that is what forms the onco part. Stage three, is again where the cancer has divided, however in this time the doctor can determine if the cancer has spread more into the lymph nodes causing those lymph nodes to contain seven plus more off the onco. Stage four, this is where the doctor would say this is the “heartbreaking” stage due to the cancer has spread more and its common that I would be more hard for a patient to be more likely to
• Stage IV means the cancer has spread to nearby areas such as the jawbone and skin of the chin and face. It may have spread heavily into your lymph glands.
In the early stage, IB, they would start radiation therapy with chemotherapy at the same
Stage 4: This stage indicates that the cancer has spread to other organs and/or tissues throughout the body.
There are many different types and variations of leukemia, and not all types have singular, concrete causes associated with them. One of the four most common types of leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, is characterised by the unregulated growth of blasts which
is a cancer of the bone marrow and affects the blood, lymphatic and immune system.