L’embryon est malade : à tuer?
Le diagnostic pré-implantaire fournit aux parents l’information génétique de leurs bébés potentiels avant que la mère soit enceinte. Les docteurs fertilisent l’ovule in vitro et laissent l’embryon croître pour quelque temps. Ensuite, ils prélèvent une cellule de l’embryon et font des tests génétiques pour savoir quelles maladies ce bébé pourrait avoir. Après la découverte de maladies potentielles, les parents prennent la décision d’implanter l’embryon ou non. Ceci soulève une question d’éthique importante : est-ce que les parents devraient avoir le choix d’implanter l’embryon ou le rejeter suite au diagnostic? Je suis de l’avis que le diagnostic pré-implantaire est éthique d’un point de vue kantien, d’un
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Prenant cela en considération, donner le choix aux parents d’implanter l’embryon est logique. Qui connait leur situation présente mieux qu’eux? Le diagnostic pré-implantaire augmente la qualité de vie des familles. Les parents auront l’opportunité d’avoir un bébé sain. Tout être rationnelle peut agréer que leur donner le choix est bon.
Pour continuer, les diagnostics pré-implantaires sont éthique puisqu’ils sont en lien avec nos sentiments. Grâce à cette procédure, les couples à haut risque de transmission de maladies génétiques sont offerts la possibilité de surmonter ce fardeau inquiétant. Les embryons défectueux sont détectés in vitro et seuls les embryons sains sont implantés. (Fasouliotis 1998) Les embryons défectueux sont éliminés avant qu’ils développent un système nerveux, ressentant donc aucune douleur. (Hug 2006) Hume déclare que la moralité est déterminée par le sentiment. (Hume 1751) Il dit que les humains sont des êtres sensibles qui éprouvent de la sympathie. À mon avis, un couple ne ressent pas de sympathie pour un embryon de huit cellules donc peut prendre une bonne décision sans manquer de clairvoyance, ce sauvant ainsi des peines d’avoir un enfant malade. Si la famille avait eu un enfant avec une maladie génétique, la qualité de vie de l’enfant et sa famille aurait diminué grandement. La maladie pourrait raccourcir sa vie et causer de la peine à la famille et l’enfant.
Though the use of pre-natal hereditary screening is as of now utilized as a part of high-hazard pregnancies for recognition of illness, for example, Down syndrome and Huntington 's chorea (Ridley 55, 98). As researchers decide the qualities for extra hereditary conditions, screening of incipient organisms will give more data to potential biological parents, former to their offspring has advanced. On the off chance that a screened embryo were found to convey qualities for a specific malady or inability, its guardians may specifically prematurely end it. This gives parents a choice of raising a child with a disability or back out if they don’t have the means to support the child financially, physically, emotionally or mentally. This is a good thing despite what others say because if a child is born with a disability in to family that doesn’t have the means to support it, it is unfair to all parties
Bitzer stated that exigence, which was capable of modification by way of discourse was needed (Herrick, 2016). As IVG research raises many ethical questions, its use in human analysis has been delayed. Questions of morality are raised concerning whether same sex couples should be able to procreate biologically, as well as whether the ability to choose genetic traits for offspring would put couples who can afford the treatment method at an unfair advantage over individuals who cannot afford such methods. Additionally, the question rises of whether the embryos that are created but not used in the procreation should be destroyed, donated, or frozen (Bourne, Douglas, & Savulescu, 2012). As these questions are based on morality and ethics, as opposed to statistics and data, they can be resolved through rhetorical dialogue and
When parents know the fetus is “special”, they may be chosen to terminate the pregnancy. Thus, in general prenatal screening helps to detect congenital disabilities but is also thought to be the 'remedy' selective abortion (Seller, 1976).
What if the embryo did not appear likely to develop a genetic disease, but the parents decided that they would really prefer that their child have
In the article “Selecting the Perfect Baby: The Ethics of “Embryo Design,” is an article about a married couple, name Larry and June Shannon. They have a daughter, four years old, name Sally, who is diagnosed with Fanconi Anemia. Therefore, the Shannons are getting help from a research team, to find the perfect bone marrow transplant for Sally. The Shannon couple is also interested in having another child and they are aware of the risks and odds of success. However, a PGD process has to be performed and the couple must undergo an IVF procedure more than once, before the implantation is successful, to be able to produce a healthy full-term baby.
A moral justification for genetic treatment is only as accurate as the justification of disease. In the realms of objective science and the use of genetic testing, Kitcher argues that the basis for terminating a pregnancy due to a severe syndrome can also lead to the basis for termination due to an undesired sex or possibly even homosexuality. Ultimately, Kitcher supports only a minimalist approach to the use of
Gina Kolata’s article, Ethics Questions Arise as Genetic Testing of Embryos Increases (2014), explains that as the increase of the testing of embryos for parents to choose whether or not to have children has also brought its ethical questions in the light. Kolata uses the Kalinskys case, a family in the article, and how their neurological disease, Gerstmann-Straussler-Schinker (GSS), has raised questions for ethicists who have looked into the case. Kolata’s purpose in writing this article is to inform the audience on the growing topic of embryo testing and also the ethical question that also accompany in order to have the audience to develop a personal view on the issue. Given how the author explains the technical terms used within the article, Kolata is writing to an audience that is not fully aware of genetic testing.
The first child to ever be from using test tube techniques happened in the late 1970’s. Although many have applauded this new type of technology, there is an ethical issue on whether or not embryos should be created in test-tube knowing that fact that many are not implanted and have human development. “Octo-Mom” is a classic case that may have changed many people’s perception when it comes to in-vitro fertilization. Many felt that it was ethically wrong for her doctor to conduct that type of procedure to a woman who will not have the ability to provide adequate care for the well-being of her children who may have health issues.
Derek Parfit in “Energy Policy and the Further Future” presents the dilemma of whether or not there is a moral difference between allowing thousands of children to be born with an illness and later cured, or rather never allowing these same children to be born and instead have a “different child” come out of the child bearing process with their health fully intact. In the case in which funding can only be attributed to one of these circumstances, I would support the situation in which doctors performed Preconception Testing. I feel as though this is the most morally acceptable answer because it would prevent a human life from having to endure an unnecessary handicap. Regardless of the fact that children in the first example would eventually
The advancement of medical technology has made it possible to detect medical abnormalities while a child is still a fetus and can create difficult choices for parents to make if severe anomalies are discovered. There are many theories regarding the moral status of the fetus that can be applied when deciding how to proceed if these abnormalities are detected. In the fetal abnormality case study, Jessica, Marco, Maria, and Dr. Wilson each have varying opinions on what course of action to take based on these different theories of moral status.
a. In the process after the healthy embryos are identified, what if the parent decides they only want to implant the embryos that are female? We could end up killing off an entire gender and in the process, be extremely gender biased.
Is it wrong for parents to screen out embryos with disorders that are treatable? I believe the answer to this question is no, it is not wrong. A disease such as familial hypercholesterolemia, which has two variations, one that is life threatening and one that can be controlled, should
The movie I chose to watch for extra credit was Gattaca, this film had some interesting scientific ideas in it. The first thing that I noticed was the difference between their considered perfect individuals and the others who are partially flawed. When they had Vincent and he had lots of chances for disease and an expected life span of thirty-two years, this idea threw me off. I didn’t like that the government could find that out. I don’t know why anyone would want to know exactly how long they are going to live and the probability ADD, Depression, or other illnesses would happen to them. This practice of testing the babies for this is unethical to me in the case of giving a family no hope for their child. This gives
One of the many issues that comes forth with embryonic stem cell research is whether the embryo has the same moral status as an adult. Furthermore, a human embryo is a human being in the embryonic stage, just as an infant is a human being in the infant stage. Although the embryo does not have the full characteristics of a person, it will become one and should be given the same respect of one. The moral status the embryo has for the person it is
The principle of nonmaleficence, to do no harm, in reproductive technology can be applied to the prospective parents and the prospective child-the embryo. The procedures involved in attempting to impregnate a woman can be physically and emotionally damaging, but rewarding if done successfully. But the parties must first determine to what extent and at what cost will they risk to achieve their ultimate goal. It would cause great harm physically to the embryos if there were multiple unsuccessful attempts, but many would argue that the end outweighs the means, that it is worth it if the result was a viable pregnancy and healthy child.