Social Learning Theory

It’s honestly hard for me to think of reasons why violent video games and movies appeal to so many people because I honestly can’t stand violence. I constantly look away from a movie scene if there’s a fight or any other form of violence. I tried asking my roommate if she had any guesses to why people may be attracted to violence in the media and she had the same trouble as I did coming up with a reason because she’s also very against watching violence scenes. If I had to take a guess I think people are drawn to these violent media forms because it’s a more socially acceptable way for them to get out their own anger, especially if they’re playing a violent video game. The video game allows them to “punch”, “kick”, and “hit” somebody else

Social learning theory, developed by Bandura, discusses how people learn from one another through observation, modeling, and imitation bridging an individual’s attention, memory and motivation. Social learning theory identifies the importance of cognition, observable behavior, individual self-efficacy, and the extent of how the events surrounding an individual affect them; their locus of control. Social learning theory also looks at individual problem behavior being influenced by positive or negative reinforcement (Ashford & LeCroy, 2012).

First of all I am going to begin with defining sex and gender. Sex in a sociological perspective is defined as the biological and physiological differences between men and women which are contrasted in terms of reproductive function(Abercrombie et al 2000 :313). On the other hand gender is sociologically conceived as the social roles allocated to men and women in society that is to say gender is learned not innate. However previously it was believed that sex determined gender thus the differences between men and

For many years society has embraced the idea that the difference between men and women were biologically determined. Thou through traditions, media, and peers we act accordingly to how others view us. Each individual has pressure placed upon them based on their gender. Our sex is determined by genetics while our gender is programmed by social customs. Some theories interpret that a women is tender and a loving mother while on the other hand men are aggressive hunters and are the dominant one of the family. People who support this theory seems to believe that men and women are happier when fulfilling the roles nature determined for them. Women are to be nurturing and men are to be providers by nature. An individual gender role is molded

Gender is the characteristics of people as females and males. During preschool years, children begin to fall into their cultures gender roles. Gender roles are the expectations that society has in regards to how females and males should think, act, and feel. Two social theories that are central to children’s gender development are psychoanalytic theory of gender and social cognitive theory of gender. Freud proposed in the psychoanalytic theory of gender that children develop a sexual attraction to their opposite-sex parent, but eventually loses this attraction causing them to identify with their same-sex parent. In the social cognitive theory of gender, children’s gender develops through the rewards and punishments from their parents for gender-appropriate behavior. Both theories rely heavily on the influence of parents. Moreover, children in both theories learn about gender roles through observation. They adopt the sources characteristics and imitate what they see. In contrast, social cognitive theory contains other sources from which children learn gender roles such as culture, school, peers, etc. Also, psychoanalytic theory believes that children are aware of their gender much earlier, while social cognitive believes that children become aware through the negative or positive experiences they encounter. Bandura believed in reinforcement, while Freud took a biological approach.

The biological perspective on gender, as discussed in class, argue that gender differences come from evolved biological differences that will not vary through time and across culture. Gender is not performed differently because of cultural or societal definitions, but because gender is innately different due to evolution, brain differences and development, and sex hormones. For example, it is argued that slut shaming and values on male promiscuity come from the fitness advantage a man fertilizing as many eggs as possible would have. There has been a lot of research on brain differences between men and women, and also on how different levels of sex hormones would explain men and women’s different levels of aggression, empathy, and competitiveness. Where the biological perspective argues that the way one “does” gender is innate, the sociological perspective argues that gender is performative and based off of socially defined ideas of

Although a variety of factors are seen to influence alcohol consumption among students (especially college students), peer influence has surfaced to be one of the most dominant predictors of the initiation and continuation of alcohol use in an institution stetting (Borsari and Carey). Through the concept of social learning theory, it is clear that the effectiveness of peer influences is determined by peer relationships. Specifically, modeling and cognitive processes are able to describe how peer relation influences alcohol usage. Modeling occurs when an individual imitates or acquires new behaviors through observation of others (Maisto, Carey and Bradizza). Behaviors that are rewarded are more likely to be mimicked than those that are

As we know today, that Akers Social Learning Theory (SLT) is one of the central theories within criminology that helps us understand and explain what causes criminal and deviant behavior, as well as the “changes of understanding how they might be embraces socially, nonsocial, and cultural factors operating both to motivate and control criminal behavior and both to promote and undermine conformity” (“Empirical Status of”, n.d.). So, are there any types of limitation for Social Leaning Theory? This is what we will be discussing in this report.

People mainly learn their characteristic behavior patterns through the process of reinforcement. Behavior that is followed by desirable consequences is reinforced and more likely to occur again (Crawford). If a behavior is never reinforced it will eventually stop. Behavior shaping can be effective without being noticeable (Crawford). An example the book gives is a dad working and gives a smile to his daughter when she’s coloring quietly but does not look up from his work when she builds a block tower, she will be more likely to color than build blocks in the future

There have been many theories and studies in support of the development of gender identity and gender roles. One major theory was the one put forward by Bandura and his social learning theory.

Gender, as a social construct has constantly intrigued me, particularly since our culture, society and who we are is formed by it. The thought that we can make something that runs our lives so tremendously is fascinating. Gender is imbued within each one of us from the beginning of our lives and is enforced in all most everything, from toys to clothes. The process of learning the social desires and expectations as well as attitudes associated with one's sex is called as Gender Socialization.

Akers and Sellers (2013) has stated that social learning theory is an expanded theory of differential association processes and improves it with differential reinforcement and other principles of the behavior theory. They added classical conditioning (the sharpening of involuntary reflex behavior); discriminative stimuli (internal stimuli that lead to signals for behavior); schedules of reinforcement (rewards and punishment ratio following behavioral feedback); and other theories of behavior (Akers & Sellers, 2013).

In this discussion post I will review learning theories. I will choose one of these theories, define it, and apply it to my community health nursing diagnosis, increased risk of obesity. I will develop a health teaching plan for school age children, ages 8-10. Also, I will include 2-3 teaching strategies for this population.

The social learning theory was implemented to guide my training by teaching clients about the shelter operations. According to Thyer and Wodarski (1990), "social learning theory, involving elements of respondent (Pavlovian), operant (reinforcement and punishment), and observational (modeling) learning" (Thyer & Wodarski, 1990, p. 146). The four principles of this theory are: attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation. People had to pay attention in order to process the information. The information became stored into memory for future usage by retaining the information. Reproduction occurs when information is recalled from memory. Motivation required a desire to learn the information. Thus, these four principles are important to the learning process. The social learning theory has strengths and limitations. One strength included helping individuals, families, and organizations with problem-solving. Also, this theory helped with understanding human behavior through learning. A limitation included a variety of peoples' viewpoints in relation to what people considered a reward and a punishment. Also, the social learning theory does not provide explanations for changes in mentality.

The Biological Theory maintains biological characteristics are the bases of gender differences a sub group within this is Sociobiology or the evolutionary theory whose focus is on reproduction to ensure survival. (Woods, p. 40,41). Interpersonal theories include the psychodynamic theory stating it is the first relationship that establishes gender identity, Psychological theory focusing on communication as the key to gender identity, Social learning theory states we learn how to act masculine and feminine from the responses of those around us, with the Cognitive Development theory focuses on gender consistency and that