Allie Haddad
Friedkin & Lily
SOC 134N
Final Paper
I. Social Movement Synopsis
A. Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi was the most important leader of the Indian independence movement when India was ruled by Britain. Gandhi led India to independence using nonviolent civil disobedience tactics, and movement laid a foundation for civil rights and freedoms across the world. He believed in using nonviolent actions in his fight for India’s independence and created the term “satyagraha,” which means “truth and love against force.” Gandhi believed violence would not just hurt one’s enemies but also oneself, which is why using nonviolence was essential to strengthen and purify people. He felt that leading a simple life made up of labor, prayer, good health habits, and abstinence from worldly pleasures could change society for the better.
Gandhi’s led a civil disobedience movement in 1930 that is known as the Salt March. This act of civil disobedience was unsuccessful in securing India’s independence, but was able to unite the people of India under the leadership of the Indian National Congress. It also assisted in the collapse of the British Empire in India and indicated a new stage in the fight toward self-ruling. This social organization was created to show civil resistance to the British colonial system and display the new social order that the people of India wanted to put in place. During the Salt March, Gandhi grabbed a handful of mud at the beach and announced he was shaking
In 1930, after being released from prison, Gandhi started a new civil disobedience campaign against colonial government’s tax on salt. He led a march in 1930 where thousands of Indians followed him from Ahmadabad to the Arabian sea. 60,000 people were arrested including Gandhi. Once again Gandhi called off his resistance movement. He also agreed to represent the Congress party at the round table conference in London. Gandhi retired from politics in the year of 1934. He also resigned from the Congress party so that he would be able to concentrate his efforts on working within rural communities.
Mohandas Gandhi was born in 1869 in the Indian coastal city of Porbandar (Background Essay). He then studied law in London, where he noticed that Indians were expected to imitate their rulers, the Englishmen (Background Essay). Gandhi wanted all people to live free, even those imposed by India’s caste system so he decided to take action in a peaceful manner (Background Essay). By doing so he was able to gain India’s independence in 1947 (Background Essay). This caused Gandhi to be known as “ Mahatma” or “ Great Soul” because he was able to do it without violence (Background Essay). Gandhi’s nonviolent movement worked because he accepted the consequences to his actions, strived for fairness to all mankind, and didn’t think of the British as enemies.
Mahatma Gandhi is a trailblazer for change thru nonviolent resistance and compassion for others, even for his oppressors, that made a large impact on the world.
Mohandas Gandhi was the first recorded individual to adopt a non-violent method based form for change. His primary objective was for people of all ethnicities and social class to live freely amongst each other, even those inflicted upon by India’s ancient caste system.
Gandhi was an Indian lawyer, politician, social activist and writer who would lead the independence movement of India to free the country of British rule (“Mahatma Gandhi,” 2017). He would prove that a single person could change the course of history and take on the entire British Empire. Gandhi’s principles of nonviolence and civil disobedience are attributed to his success in gaining independence for India. The act of passive resistance allowed Gandhi to generate more support for his movement for independence while making it difficult for the British to find reasons to arrest them. He argued that although violence could be more effective than peaceful
How does one free themselves from the hold of another? More importantly, how does one accomplish this without the use of violence? A revolutionary leader whose name was Mahatma Gandhi discovered and implemented a way of how this should be done and did so successfully. His methods included the use of economics to rebel against the British rule while maintaining he religious position. Although Gandhi’s plan of gaining independence for India and all of its people being united was never truly met. He still managed to help India break away from the British and allowed India to gain independence from them. The main principle of Gandhi’s economics was that it required human rights for all and was not about wealth at all. Although Gandhi was successful
British rule was tough on many Indians. Gandhi, an Indian born lawyer, believed in freedom and peace for his people. He once experienced racism when he was kicked out of a train in Europe. He changed people’s point of view without breaking the law, which was tough for him. Gandhi made his nonviolent movement work through the use of determination, peaceful civil disobedience, and being a powerful leader.
When people think about nonviolent movement leaders, the first person people think of is Mahatma Gandhi. Born in October 2, 1869, Gandhi is known for his accomplishment for freeing India from Britain in 1947 with no violence. But how did he do it? His nonviolent movement worked because he had mass appeal, compassion, and clever planning helped him free India.
Gandhi was most opposed to the salt tax, so he started the Salt March. Before the march, Gandhi sent a letter to a British governor named Lord Irwin, informing him that he was about to break the law. However, he did not want to break the law, as he said in his letter. " Before embarking on Civil Disobedience and taking a risk I have dreaded to take all the years, I would approach you... and find a way out." He wanted to find some peace; his nonviolence acts spread across the world (Document A).
Mahatma Gandhi was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule. He proposed a speech to all of his followers explaining what his resolution was to gain independence, without using violence. Mahatma Gandhi adopts a subtle and affirmative tone while revealing that non violence and the spreading of love is the way to approach this movement for independence. He also portrays his outline for the movement by appealing to the audience's emotions.
M.K. Gandhi was an Indian who protested successfully against Britain and ultimately influenced future events around the world. Gandhi’s most successful tactic to gain Indian independence was “Satyagraha” or passive resistance because the majority of society would disagree with the opponent, they will continue to protest no matter what, and it was successfully used in the Salt March. Firstly, using this tactic, about 80 Indian citizens were publically brutalized by British authorities which greatly influenced the world against them because an eyewitness wrote and sent thousands of newspapers, talking about British police brutality, around the world. For example, in Source 3 the text says, “Webb Miller’s eyewitness account was published in over a thousand newspapers around the world.”
Chapter 4 of the book “Gandhi and Beyond” was pretty interesting and fascinating to read and learn about. One of the sections of the chapter that impacted me the most was the section titled Learning about Gandhi found on page 76. In this section, Chavez began to learn about Gandhi and his principles of nonviolence. Chavez admired Gandhi because of his success, his commitment, and his methods of nonviolence such as boycotting and fasting. In Gandhi Chavez found a leader who inspired him to help the poor defeat the rich. Another interesting fact that I learned on this section was that Chavez began to develop nonviolent ideas and believed that in order to practice nonviolent acts one must be prepared for sacrifice. One of the quotes that I really liked on this section was Chavez’s quote found on page 79 which states “Love is the most important ingredient in nonviolent work… Love the opponent… If were full of hatred we can’t do work” (Cortright 79). Using this word Chavez says that in order to become successful and win one must love the opponent. If people begin to use acts of nonviolence against the opponent’s one must not become successful in the movement being created.
On your drive to and from work, you see a myriad of conflict. From cars honking at each other for causing traffic, to couples arguing in the car on their way out to eat, to siblings fighting for who gets to control what plays on the radio, we are surrounded by small issues which frequently lead to outbursts of violence. It is truly a wonder that in a world with so many people and so many different worldviews, we haven’t killed each other off yet. What is the root cause behind why we have somehow maintained the human race?
On the other hand, Mahatma Gandhi’s Salt March is easily recognizable as being one of the most important civil disobediences in recent history. Gandhi was followed by many people who believed in him and stood by him through his entire cause. He led thousands of people across a stretch of 240 miles, across India, to the ocean to make their own salt, in protest of
Aroused by the massacre of Amritsar in 1919, Gandhi devoted his life to gaining India’s independence from Great Britain. As the dominant figure used his persuasive philosophy of non-violent confrontation, he inspired political activists with many persuasions throughout the world (Andrews 23). Not only was Mahatma Gandhi a great peacemaker, but also his work to achieve freedom and equality for all people was greatly acknowledged. Gandhi’s unconventional style of leadership gained him the love of a country and eventually enabled him to lead the independence movement in India.