Stages Of Lifelong Behavior Change (TTM)

This model was developed to determine and predict change in addictive and health-promoting behaviors. TTM can also be used to understand abusive behavior. Individuals are divided into four stages of change based on their attitudes and behaviors. Pre-contemplation describes individuals who are not ready to change. The contemplation stage includes individuals who are starting to think about changing but have not begun the change. Action occurs when individuals start the process of changing their behavior, experiences, and environments to resolve their problems. Maintenance is the last stage and occurs when people want to remain changed and not go back to their previous behavior. Chances for positive outcomes increase when individuals are matched at the appropriate level that determines their readiness to change (Hellman et al., 2010). Based on research, individuals who are in the contemplation stage are the most likely to change their battering behavior (Scott & Wolfe,

step, relapse, but for the sake of this assignment, five will be used as per the text. During the pre-contemplation stage the client is not thinking about change; they are unaware or under-aware that there is a problem. At the contemplation stage the client is ambivalent about change, and not likely considering making a change within the next thirty days. The preparation stage is when the client has made some progress with change and attempting to change further. The action stage is when the client has been performing a new behavior from ninety days to six months. The maintenance stage in involves the client making a commitment to achieving the desired change, and typically takes place after six months and up to five years (University of Arizona C.A.T.S. Life Skills Program, 2016).

When studying exercise behavior it is important to realize the steps within the TTM to better understanding how individuals become interested and continue to make a life style that involves normal exercise. Individuals start with no desire to exercise at all then something makes them start thinking about working out. Which leads to the individual feeling motivated to start to plan to exercise. Once they start it will led to the individual to being able to reach the recommended levels of exercise for health and fitness. After six months the individual will continue to exercise and they will work on maintaining a new life style that includes

Action are those who act on the issue. Maintenance, individual continue to engage in the behavior change. Some opponents of the TTM and PAPM argue the models take individual to move one stage to the next compare to the real world where people do not always make behavior change in a linear form. Although, the TTM does have relapse stages that address this concern, PAPM however does show behavior change occurring in a straight line.

The transtheoretical model of change (TTM) consists of several stages associated with change (Calderwood, 2011). The first stage is described as the precontemplation stage; this stage is characterized with the client expressing shock or denial to the change

Change does not just happen at once, but progresses through steps. To explain one model of behavior cited in the online Harvard Health Publication, they research to look for the different ways to change and which is most efficient. The article states that the most accepted and way of change is the TTM or “transtheoretical model”, which “shows that change is not a single event; it is a process which takes many steps.” The model of TMM shows that change does not happen at once but through different steps which supports the idea of change progressing through steps. In an article published online by Harvard Medical School, studies have shown the five stages of TTM is precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

PPB. I decided this model is the most applicable and relatable to Mr. PPB’s two main obstacles, which are inactivity and unhealthy food choices. Ruggiero (2000) declared that TTM is being used in application of diabetic care since 1993.In addition, it is based on a premise that people are at different stages of motivational readiness for engaging in health behaviors and intervention approaches are most useful when they are matched to a person 's current stage of change. It was also mentioned that a linear process is not expected as people may move forward and backward multiple times before changing for good. As Marshall and Biddle (2001) further emphasized that TTM is a dynamic rather than an “ all or nothing” phenomenon where evidence implied that individuals attempting to change their physical activity behavior move through a series of stages.

The Transtheoretical Model is a theory of health behavior that suggests that behavior change is a process, not an event. There are five stages of change someone can go through while attempting to engage in positive behavior: precontemplation, no intention to act within six months; contemplation, intention to act within six months; preparation, intention to act within the next thirty days along with some behavioral steps; action, changed behavior for less than six months, maintenance, changed behavior for more than six months; termination, end of the behavior. These stages are not linear, so an individual can move up and down the stages of change indiscriminately.

The Transtheoretical Model is made for individuals to adapt to and maintain a heal behavior change. For example, an individual who has stopped smoking for the past six months has reached the maintenance stage in which chances of relapse are low. Although chances of relapse are low there is still a chance the person may fall back into their old behavior. However, if the individual has reached a stage where they have no temptation for their old habits and they have reached 100% self-efficacy then they have reached the termination stage. This is a very difficult stage to reach since at this stage the behavior change will remain permanently and where relapse does not occur.

Everyone has different challenge in his/her life ,and he/she may have different view on the same thing. Therefore, people will have different goals which they are eager to achieve. Based on what my life looks like and what I need in my life, my behavior change is to exercise at least one hour every day. The reasons why I choose this goal are because I want to spend some time relaxing from my daily life, and get the balance between education and occupation. Moreover, I expect to burn the fat in my body because I spend very little time for workout since I got a job. When I planned to accomplish this behavior change, I knew that challenges or difficulties would appear, I could not avoid them and I could not finish it easily. But I am the kind of person who likes challenge and I am not afraid of it. Therefore, I chose this behavior change. During the process of this behavior change, I met a lot of difficulties and I learn how to get balance well in my life.

The Transtheoretical model, commonly called the stages of change model, was founded by Carlo Diclemente and James Prochaska who conducted a comparative analysis between people who decide to quit smoking on their own and those in programs designed to help quit smoking (Prochaska, Redding, & Evers, 2008).From this study, they discovered that there are a series of processes that a person doing a behavioral change must go through (Prochaska, Redding, & Evers, 2008). Once these processes and stages where elucidated the model was then used not just for smoking but for many other health behaviors. Its view of the process of change altered how people viewed behaviors and the individual’s role in changing behavior. This theory is very

TTM model can be described as a series of phases where time and progress is of the essence when it comes the changing of one’s behavior(Book). In my article this is appearnt as the focus is on the steps it takes in order to become a Vegan. When looking to change behaviors, attitudes, and actions everything has to be done in steps. When looking to cross over from unhealthy to healthy you have to first mentally prepare yourself for the changes you are going to be experiencing, This shows as the article talks about the different stages of change such as behavior, contemplation,maintence and finally termination(Mendeez, E 2013). This model fits well with this article because it shows that there has to be process in place in order to even get

The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) was created by Prochaska and DiClemente. It is based on “(1) the stages of change, (2) the decisional balance scale, (3) the strong and weak principle, (4) self-efficacy, and (5) the processes of change” (Kelly, 2008, p. 149). A person’s progression through the stages depends on their perception of the advantages of adopting a healthy lifestyle (Kelly, 2008).

There are five stages of change that one can progress through in the TTM (Rissmiller, 2017). The first is the “precontemplation” stage where there is no intent at all to act within the next six months. The second stage is “contemplation”, and the person in this stage is starting to take action in the next six months. The third stage, in which the person intends to act within the next month and has taken some steps toward the behavior change, is called “preparation”. When the person actually modifies the behavior and changes are seen, the person is then in the “action” stage.

My overall experience with the behavior change project was positive, as I was able to successfully change my sleeping habits. Although there were times when sticking to my behavior change plan was extremely difficult, I was able to stay on track and change my sleeping habits. As a result of my behavior change, I now feel healthier and less fatigued. Because of these physical improvements, important areas of my life, such as school and sports, have improved also. My performance in the classroom and on the basketball court has noticeably become better after making this behavior change.