The Importance Of Negotiation Process Within The Workplace Environment

Negotiation is one important part of both the professional and personal life in our everyday situations. It is critical for people to resolve disputes, distribute limited resources, and/or create something new that neither party could achieve on his or her own. Negotiations can range from coordinating project timelines with clients to asking for a raise to discussing holiday plans with family members.

It occurs in profit or non profit organizations, government sectors, dealing among nations and also in our personal situations such as salary package, house purchase, marriage, divorce and etc. The strategy to use can either be distributive or integrative depending on the situations and the outcomes that the party want out from the negotiation.

Negotiation is a fundamental process used in resolving conflicts, making business deals, and in managing working relationships with others. Negotiations occur for two reasons: (1) to resolve a problem or dispute between parties, or (2) to create something new that neither party could do on its own.

Every negotiation will involve people, and Fisher and Ury make it very clear that people are not perfect. While some may be good communicators, others may not be good listeners on the receiving end. We have our own interests and goals, in which we tend to see from our point of view. According to Fisher and Ury, the first step to a successful negotiation is to “separate the people from the problem.” The most common human problem that we face tends to be “perception, emotion and communication.” To prevent these problems from happening, the authors suggest that we “build a working relationship” and focus on the problem itself, not the

During the negotiation process parties begin with an analysis of their needs, desires and interests. The individual also takes outside issues into consideration

Dawson (1995) has highlighted three critical factors to every negotiation4: 1) understanding of power, 2) information factor and 3) time element. But according to Brooks and Odiorne (1984, pp. 45 - 46), strategic planning, power skill and timing, constitute the agenda in successful negotiations5; in which, strategic planning is the key factor in shapes the dimensions, form and context of the negotiations. On the other hand, Mills (1990, pp. 177 - 179) and Scott (1981, pp. 89 - 90) has provides sixteen and eight different elements that contribute to negotiation success6 and enable two parties to negotiate towards agreement to theirs joint advantage7. As a whole, these conclude that in any negotiations, it is important to remember that both parties are working toward mutual satisfaction.

Whether it is at work, church or in our private relationships, negotiations are a necessary tool for reaching an agreement. They are made by discussing each parties point of view with the aim being to reach an agreement that is mutually beneficial. For the most part, negotiation is the process by which those people involved successfully adopt or abandon their respective position through the use of positional bargaining. There are different types of approaches for the negotiation process - some hard and others soft in their manner of approach. The desired outcome of

Negotiation is a fundamental form of dispute resolution involving two or more parties (Michelle, M.2003). Negotiations can also take place in order to avoid any future disputes. It can be either an interpersonal or inter-group process. Negotiations can occur at international or corporate level and also at a personal level. Negotiations often involve give and take acknowledging that there is interdependence between the disputants to some extent to achieve the goal. This means that negotiations only arise when the goals cannot be achieved independently (Lewicki and Saunders et al., 1997). Interdependence means the both parties can influence the outcome for the other party and vice versa. The negotiations can be win-lose or win-win in nature.

In life there is always some type of give and take amongst others. Some exchange may be beneficial and some can be regretful. This is all the same with negotiation, either is to negotiate a divorces decree, price of a new home, or a NFL or NBA contract deal. The world today is full of negotiating situation in and can be executed at any given time. There two common characteristic of a negotiation or bargaining situation. Negotiating parties have separate but conflicting interest.

* Negotiation, or the use of formal bargaining to win acceptance and approval for a desired change

At this stage negotiators stop focusing on their opponent’s needs and priorities and state their own needs and priorities. It is about creating value for your side and asking for the value that you want in exchange. It is the most highly competitive stage of negotiation. Arguments often take place about the value of items on either side of the equation and whether sufficient value is being offered from the opposing side in exchange. It is important that these arguments are handled even handedly even when negative tactics such as threats are used to move one or the other side to action (Craver, 2004).

Negotiation is a complex social process that happens every day in many different contexts. It can be defined as a form of decision making whereby two or more parties talk with one another in an effort to resolve their opposing interests. It involves several stages of interaction and communication between parties trying to resolve perceived incompatible goals. Negotiation is relevant in different situations and in many environments. Some of the core features of the negotiating process require a prescribed process and desired outcomes are not always easily attainable. In a negotiation, the parties are usually trying to find mutually acceptable solutions to resolve their disputes or protect their interest; this can be termed as a win-win situation. Hence, the function of negotiation is to provide a peaceful medium

Negotiation is all about a strategy. The end result is usually to end a problem that someone is having, whether it is personally or

Negotiation is the process of two individuals or groups reaching joint agreement about differing needs or ideas. Oliver (1996) described negotiation as "negotiators jointly searching a multidimensional space and then agreeing to a single point in the space." Negotiation is a form of conflict resolution. When we negotiate, the first thing that needs to be established is whether we have two or more parties that have a common objective, but also differ in ideas when it comes to how they achieve the objective. The principle behind negotiating is to finding the middle ground that is suitable for both parties involved. Not all negotiation ends in satisfactory compromise, sometimes negotiations can take a long time to conclude

An effective negotiator is a strategic negotiator, who is able to switch back and forth between different phases of a negotiation without losing the goal in mind. An effective negotiator takes time to process what is happening during the negotiation and ensures that the right problem is being resolved while taking into consideration other party’s intrests to finding a common ground. Concequently those type of actions facilitate in the process of a negotiation by creating a cooperative environment and enhance the furture relationship between the parties (Fells 2012; Sebenius 2001). An effective negotiator aknowledges that no party is the same and as every negotiation, every negotiator is different from one another. These variations explain the DNA of negotiation that requires an effective negotiator to take into considerations the strands of the DNA, such as “reciprocity, trust, power, information exchange, ethics, and outcome” that vary from person to person (Fells 2012, pg 8).