Tubular Lab Report

Selective reabsorption occurs straight after ultrafiltration and this involves the filtrate running along the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), “through the loop of Henle, and along the distal convoluted tubule” as cited by (Parson’s, R: p129). But it is important to note that the proximal convoluted tubule’s walls contain microvilli which supply a big surface area for the reabsorption of helpful materials from the filtrate into the blood. Other helpful solutes, for example vitamins, amino acids, glucose

By a form of passive transport called diffusion, across a concentration gradient. Water soluble substances such as sugars and inorganic ions diffuse very slowly, with no energy expenditure. It is a uniport mechanism and demonstrates saturation kinetics where the glucose specific receptors are all occupied and operating at max capacity.

“Active transport, the protein transporter moves molecules against, or up, the concentration gradient” (McCance & Huether, pg. 29).

Some molecules can pass into the cell by facilitated diffusion. This is passive due to the nature of diffusion and because the solute is moving down its

Sometimes one substance is transported in one direction at the same time as another substance is transported in the other direction. This is called Co- transport. In Co-tansport one of the two substances are transported in the direction of their concentration gradient utilizing the energy derived from the transport of the second substance (mostly Na+, K+ or H+) down its concentration gradient. Active transport often takes place in the

An example of active transport would be pushing a stroller up a hill. Passive transport is diffusion across a membrane requiring only random motion of molecules with no energy expanded by the cell. Another example of passive transport would be rolling a ball down a hill.

Diffusion is a high concertation of molecules spreading randomly to a lower concertation. This an example of passive transport that does not require ATP. A lipid bilayer can only easily allow small molecules that are non-polar through it. Water is an exception because it can defuse through with a process called Osmosis. Special aquaporin proteins allow the water through the semi-permeable membrane. Starch is a polysaccharide made of many glucose monosaccharides bonded together. It is insoluble in water. Glucose is soluble in water and is also a monosaccharide.

There are four types of passive transport; diffusion, facilitated diffusion, filtration and osmosis. Active transport is not passive as it requires energy to move substances against the concentration gradient.

Passive transport can occur during osmosis and diffusion. During osmosis, water molecules diffuse down a concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane (Harley et al., 42-44). Tonicity refers to the relative concentration of solutes in a solution. They can be labeled as isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic. Isotonic solutions have the same concentration of solutes inside and outside of the cell.

Diffusion occurs as passive transport in cells through a selectively permeable membrane. In this experiment, the membrane that was used was dialysis tubing. The questions this experiment modeled were, which solutions would diffuse and what molecules were small enough to diffuse through the selected membranes. When the experiment concluded, the data supported which solutions diffused and at what rate they diffused. It is discussed that the permeability of a solute across a membrane is affected differently from method to method. Each process has comparable variables that will affect the rate or ability to diffuse, but some require more work, energy, or other substances needed to allow diffusion to occur.

The major objective of the experiment was to test the effect of the concentration gradient on the diffusion rate. It was hypothesized that the greater the stronger the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion would be. To test this, dialysis tubes were submerged in different concentration fructose solutions. We weighed the tubes at specific time intervals to measure the rate of diffusion of water in each different solution. The results illustrated that increased concentration gradient increases the rate of diffusion of water in the tubes. We concluded that as concentration of the

The movement of molecules have two forms of transport through the plasma membrane: active transport and passive transport. Active processes require energy, such as ATP, in order for the molecules to be transported. In active transport, the cell administers ATP.i Within passive processes no energy is required and changes n pressure and concentration are the driving forces. Processes such as simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and filtration are characterized as passive transport, while solute pumps are a form of active transport. Each of these form of transports occur in the cells of all living organisms and are essential to life.

Allows for small nutrients and other things to enter and exit the cell. Active transport particles that are being transported are, Proteins, Ions, Large Cells, Complex sugars. The types of particles being transported by Passive transport are: Anything soluble in lipids. Water, Oxygen, c02, sex hormones, etc. Some examples of Active transport are: Phagocytosis, pinocytosis, the sodium/potassium pump, secretion of something into the blood.

diffusion is one of the passive transport processes. it is used in oxygen entering a cell and carbon dioxide leaving a cell. diffusion is the movement of particles such as atoms or molecules from a high concentration place in an area of a low concentration. this shows that they diffuse down the concentration gradient. the concentration gradient is a gradual change in the concentration of solutes in a solution as a function of distance through a solution. in biology a gradient results from an unequal distribution of particles across the cell membrane. When this happens solutes move along the concentration gradient until the concentration of the

Passive diffusion, also known as simple diffusion, is used to describe the exergonic reaction of a substance where the substance passes in the direction of the concentration gradient. Most of the molecules move from the area of high concentration, inside the membrane of a cell, to the outside where there is