GELS Pharmaceutical products can be divided into 3 categories: solids, liquids and semi-solids. One of the most prominent products in semi-solids category is gel. Pharmaceutical gels are semi-solid systems in which there is interaction (physical or covalent), between colloidal particles within a liquid vehicle. The vehicle, either aqueous, hydroalcoholic, alcohol-based or non-aqueous is continuous and interacts with the colloidal particles within the 3D network. Gel drug administration can be done through optic, rectal, vagina and skin as topical routes. There are 4 main types of gels. Firstly, organogel. Sorbitan monostearate, a quantity of organic solvents and vegetable oils are present in this gel. Gelation is performed by dissolving the organogelator in high temperature solvent to produce an organic solution placed on cooling sets to become gel. Additives such as hydrophilic surfactant and polysorbate 20 are added to organogels to improve its stability and modify the gel microstructure from a network of individual tubules to star-shaped "clusters" of tubules in the liquid continuous phase. Secondly, hydrogel. It consists of a network of hydrophilic polymer chains or gel which has water as its medium of dispersion. This gel is very absorbent and has high level of flexibility. Hydrogel has the most applications such as in tissue engineering, it is used as scaffolds, in sustained release drug delivery system, provide absorption and debriding and as medical electrode
It is made up of either liquid, solid, or connective tissue, within the matrix there are many types of connecting fibres, such as collagen and elastic fibres.
The majority of medicines are formulated for oral administration. This means they are taken via the mouth, in the form of a tablet, capsule, liquid or suspension. These medicines come in a variety of
Topical-This would be a type of medication applied to the surface/skin on the body i.e. creams, foams gels,
Topical medications come in the form of creams and gels and are applied directly to the skin surface usually to treat skin conditions.
In injections, active ingredients are dissolved in a liquid and then injected. A drug is often injected into a vein (intravenous administration) if it is to have as fast an effect as possible, for instance in an emergency.
Oral - medicines can be given orally in the form of capsules, tablets, liquids or powders.
apparatus was completed we took the gels out and preserved them at the temperature of 4OC.
using Aleve Liquid-gels because the naproxen sodium inside the liquid-gels may cause problems in unborn child and/or during birth. Aleve Liquid-gels should be kept out of the reach of children and should be taken with a full glass of water. Adult consumers and children over 12 can take one capsule every eight to twelve hours. Two capsules can be taken within the first hour but three capsules should not be taken within a 24 hour period. Inactive ingredients in Aleve Liquid-gels consist of FD&C blue #1, gelatin, glycerin, lactic acid, mannitol, pharmaceutical ink, polyethylene glycol, purified water, sorbitan, and sorbitol.
The hypothesis was formed under the thought that the fastest dissolving pill would be the most effective because the sooner the ingredients and materials were realized, the sooner they would be able to attack and neutralize the pain, therefore getting the job done quicker or more efficiently. The hypothesis was not supported because, overall, the first two pills to dissolve were both children’s pain killers and were “junior strength”. Therefore, these medicines could not have been the most effective because the strength is significantly weakened to accommodate to young kids, and would not be as effective as normal strength medicines. In order to accurately determine the time taken for the pills to dissolve inside the body, it is very important to create a solution similar to stomach acid. Stomach acid was simulated by heating vinegar, which has the same ph level of stomach acid and shares other similarities in makeup and properties. The vinegar was heated to 36.7 degrees Celsius and constantly stirred to represent the temperature and motion of stomach acid. Eight different pills were timed to see how fast they dissolved. Each type of pill was tested three times in order to find an average for each medicine. The pills tested were Advil, Children’s Advil Grape Flavored, Ibuprofen, Children's Ibuprofen Grape Flavored, Tylenol, Tylenol Liquid Gels, Aleve, and Aleve Liquid Gels. The children's strength pills were the first two medicines to dissolve. Aleve was the slowest to dissolve and took almost two hours to dissolve. The liquid gel capsules were the second and third slowest pills to dissolve. In order, from fastest to slowest to dissolve, the medicines were Children's Ibuprofen Grape Flavored, Children’s Advil
The route of drug administration chosen might be dependent on a person's age because of its variants on the effects of the drugs used on them. For example, a child usually has a hard time swallowing pills so they instead would drink their medicine, it is one of those factors that would lead us to alternatives. It is the same for pregnant women and the elderly that have different effects on them, so they would have different routes of drugs.
Topical drugs such as patches, ointment, and cream are applied directly on the skin and can be absorbed fast or with a delayed action. The term pharmacokinetics is the study of the movement of the drug in the human’s body. This includes the site of absorption (movement of drug from entry to tissue), how it is distributed (movement in the circulatory system to intended destination), how it is metabolized (break down in the liver), and excretion (elimination from the body). This unit also described the term half-life, which is how long the human body takes to break down a drug, absorb and excrete it and short half-life, which are medications excreted by the body quicker than long half-life drugs. The term pharmacodynamics is any of the changes in the patient’s body resulting from the medicine taken. It is highly important for the patient to know of the used drug’s side effects (unintended effects), adverse effects (unintended effects that can be harmful), and any possibilities of allergic reactions (most severe adverse response of a
Have you ever wondered how gelatin gets shape? This research paper is going to talk about additives that make the strongest gelatin. Terms that will be discussed in this paper include gelatin, molecule, collagen, and protein.
Fill the rest of the column with NaCl, and do so by pouring the solution along the interior side of the column. This allows the gel to become moist.
It is made up both of specialized cells that affix to other tissues as well as what is known as the extracellular matrix. Its most distinctive attribute, this matrix is made up of fluid; gound substance, a gel that contains nutrient molecules like hyaluronic acid that are composed of carbohydrates and protein; and protein-based fibers like collagen and elastin. The fibers give the tissue its denseness and strength and are what helps connective tissue function properly.
About one quarter of all the protein in your body is collagen. It is a major structural material that forms molecular cables to strengthen the tendons and resilient sheets that support the skin and internal organs. Bones and teeth are made by adding mineral crystals to collagen. Collagen provides structure to our bodies, protecting and supporting the softer tissues and connecting them with the skeleton. But, in spite of its critical function in the body, collagen is a relatively simple protein.