UNIFYING PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND MANAGEMENT
ABSTRACT Theories and models of organizational behavior and management continue to increase in number and complexity. While much of the recent research has not made its way into standard business textbooks, these textbooks nonetheless offer a broad array of topics and concepts that can easily overwhelm both student and practitioner. No common thread appears to link these disparate topics, despite the fact that variations on the same theory often can be found across topics. This paper describes four underlying principles of organizational behavior and management that distill and synthesize essential features of many of the established theories and models. Each principle
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The concepts related to each principle can be viewed, alternatively, as dichotomous (a choice among opposites), continuous (a point along a continuum), or paradoxical (a contradiction or dialectic to be resolved), and applied in combination to interpret and circumscribe specific theories. Finally, the implications of these underlying principles for teaching management and organizational behavior as well as for conducting organizational and case analyses are discussed.
THE UNIFYING PRINCIPLES There are four unifying principles presented in this paper, each principle represented by two contrasting concepts. The principles are briefly described below, and the application of each principle to organizational behavior and management is illustrated through several examples. The intent of these examples is to demonstrate the range of applications for each principle, rather than to provide an exhaustive analysis. (A more complete set of applications is available from the author.)
INDIVIDUAL VS. COLLECTIVE
Description of the Principle
Perhaps no concepts are more central to our understanding of organizations and management than those of the individual versus the collective. In a generic sense, the term “individual” means singular, solitary, one, alone, separate, while the term “collective” means many, multiple, together, gathered, joint. In human terms, these two words represent the
Buchanan, A. H. (2001). Organizational Behaviour:An Introductory Text (4 ed.). (F. T. Hall, Ed.) Pearson Education.
The beginnings of the counseling profession can be traced back as far as the Greeks with the emergence of psychology. Psychology did not develop into a legitimate profession until the late 1800s. As time went on it spawned numerous other profession, Counseling Psychology being one of them (Landrum). Some of the most prominent Psychologist in the field such as Freud, Erikson, and Witmer, utilized techniques, most notably ”Talk Therapy”, which lead to the formation of the counseling profession ("The history of counselling and psychotherapy").
Kreitner, R., & Kinicki, A. (2013). Organizational behavior (10th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Retrieved from
In point-form, outline the 3-5 BIG IDEAS about this topic or question and provide research about each idea. Remember to include embedded citations.
John Molson School of Business Department of Management Comm 222: Organizational Behaviour and Theory Winter 2013 General Information Comm 222 Section E Class times: Monday & Wednesday 8:45 – 10:00 Class location: MB 3.430 Credits: 3 Instructor:
Kreitner, R., & Kinicki, A. (2013). Organizational behavior (10 ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin. .). Retrieved from http://gcumedia.com/digital-resources/mcgraw-hill/2013/organizational behavior_ebook_10e.php
The ability to be a good communicator is a critical skill administrators must strive to develop. In Ten Traits of Highly Effective Principles, McEwan shares nineteen benchmarks for ensuring excellent communication. A good communicator knows communication comes in many forms and the power behind it. The Marshall County School District could benefit tremendously by instilling these standards. The principals and staff in our district cannot be at fault as weak communicative practices have been modeled from the top down for years. Fortunately for us resources such as this book are available to teach and inspire.
Kinicki, A., & Fugate, M. (2016). Organizational Behavior: A Practical, Problem-Solving Approach. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Wagner III, John A. & Hollenbeck, John R. (2003). Organizational behavior securing competitive advantage. New York: Routledge.
Kinicki, A., & Fugate, M. (2016). Organizational behavior: a practical, problem-solving approach. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2011). Organizational Behavior (14th Edition). Boston, MA: Prentice Hall.
Management theories are utilized in various organizations in an effort to increase organizational effectiveness and service delivery. The management theory that an organization decides to adhere to will vary based on the type of organization, as well as, the services and/or products that it offers. Therefore, it is not uncommon for an organization to use multiple theories when implementing strategies in the workplace.
References:Huczynski, A. A. and Buchanan, D. A. (2007) Organizational behaviour: An introductory text. 6th ed., Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
The research, as indicated in the journal, attempts to “focus on exposing the ideology behind theories,” (p.1) while giving an understanding of what is effective to an organization when considering management best practices and human social development. According to many theorists, the implementation of mainstream, motivation theories, distort and inhibit social development by trying to control human behavior. (Schultz, p. 1,2).
Organizational behavior is the behavior of individuals, either one or a group. It is not the behavior of an organization, but rather the behavior of the people in an organization. This can be anywhere from a family at home to a church to a work group within a company. Some of the challenges that make behaviors challenging in today’s workplace are high performance, ethical behavior, productivity improvement, technology utilization, quality, diversity, work-life balance, and the global economy, (Schermerhorn, 2003, P. 1).