Use Of Lingustic Instruments For Object Oriented Analysis

“During the object-oriented analysis (OOA) phase object-modeling techniques are used to analyze the functional requirements for a system and create models which reflect the logical design of the system. During the object-oriented design (OOD) phase of the system, models are elaborated upon to include implementation specific details that show how the physical design of the system will come together. OOA focuses on what the system does (its static structure and behavior), OOD on how the system does it (its run-time implementation).”

Objective of this research paper is to learn and understand the recent changes in software engineering and how it can pave way to an advanced method of software engineering in the coming future. Hence this paper will be based on how current trends in software development would affect the future.

The author of the article mainly discusses about the two approaches that are useful for Software engineering.

In Object-orientated approach methodology, a system is viewed as an object (Govardhan & Munassa: 71). This approach intergrades data and processes into objects. It emphasizes the construction and testing of object models. This technique uses UML diagrams such as Communication Diagrams, which show the relationship between objects, Development Diagrams which show how a complete system will be deployed on one or more machines, the Class Diagram and Sequence Diagram.

Programming languages are vast and diverse in their numbers. These different languages use fundamental styles of programming called programming paradigms. These programming paradigms layout the particular design approach that a program will use to solve a problem or achieve an objective. Of the many different types of programming paradigms, some of the more distinguished ones are procedural, functional, logical, and object orientated programming. Recently the object orientated languages have been rising in popularity due to their ability to easily implement large programs. There are many different object orientated programming languages (OOPLs), among them are C#, Java, Ruby, and Python. This essay will compare and contrast two of these languages: Python and Java.

Today when the software industry is progressing rapidly, software usage and demand is expanding. Software development is going to be more complex day by day. Changes requirements from the customers make it more difficult and complex. Old approaches of software development are no more useful in present scenario. They are not able to satisfy customers’ needs in given time [1]. As a result new approaches and methodologies are bringing evolved. These new approaches have more helpful to make a productive and flexible product. In modern research, to construct new mind-maps in a particular area of interest, comparison

b) Define Object modeling – It is defined as the properties of an object in some computer programming language or technology that uses them. Specific words of the programs can be examined by this.

OO programs are based on hierarchy of classes and objects. The four pillars, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism and abstraction can be used to achieve reusability of code. As compared to the conventional software programming, the faults are not found in code, instead are in the interaction of the chunks of codes. Testing of an OO program begins with reviewing the object oriented analysis (OOA) and object oriented design (OOD) models. Variety of Testing strategies such as unit testing, thread based, use based and cluster

(Aggarwal and Singh, 2005) described software as being more than a program as it constitute of not only a program code but also the operating procedures and the related documentation. Thus, we can explain the meaning of a software using the following equation:

Ans: Object oriented programming organizes a program around its data,i.e.,objects and a set of well defined interfaces to that data.An object-oriented program can be characterized as data controlling access to code.

Natural language generation can also be used in some expert systems. Another application is in translation programs. It is probable that many new applications will be developed as natural language programs are refined. The two main issues in natural language generation are determining what to say, and determining how to say it.

The topic provides an overview of that the software engineering is really engineering or not. There is a brief discussion on this topic and also some of the controversies in the discussion. Differences between software engineering and engineering are picked out in this paper i.e. the terms itself are different software engineering and engineering. Some of the Engineering features are common in the software engineering. Engineering includes many works in it and based on this work it is divided into many different streams. It also includes processing, designing, and manufacturing etc. and it’s all depend on the work done. There are different things need to be done in software engineering like designing.

A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to perspective of the viewer of the system or Only the characteristics of the system that are essential to the problem being studied are modelled; minor or irrelevant details are ignored.

There are so many features of Object – Oriented Programing. Among all of them main features are ,

Natural Language Processing can be defined as the use and ability of systems to process sentences in a natural language such as English, instead of using a specialized artificial computer language such as C, C++ etc. The systems used for NLP are a digital computer which is similarly resemble to mainframe and personal computers. The digital computer systems in this fifth generation possesses artificial intelligence technique and thus able to process natural languages. Natural language is a more restricted subset of a human language; it cannot be thought of an actual language that possesses ambiguities which computers could not sort out. Hence it is fair that “Human Languages grant aberration that natural language cannot grant.” In a larger view; Natural Language Processing includes signal processing or speech recognition, context reference issues and semantic analysis and processing. Typical applications for Natural Language Processing include the following: