What Can Individuals Do For Prevent Crime?

There has long been a debate over which, if any, are the most effective methods of crime control. Governments from bottom to top in our nation have poured over the issue with mixed results for as long as there has been a nation. Until very recently deterrence was completely based on fear of punishment. However, recent years have provided us with a more complete understanding of crime and its roots among the more desirable parts of our society, specifically the mind of a criminal. Through the study of psychology, specifically free will, determinism and social identity, we may find that situational crime prevention is a better means to deter crime in our nation.

Crime is an unfortunate part of many people’s lives - both for the victim of the crime and also the suspect. There are many theories as to why crimes happen, who commits the crimes, and why crimes happen to certain people. Not all crimes can be solved, or questions answered but these theories give a peek into the thinking or background behind some crimes that are committed.

Summary: This chapter discusses the seven secondary defenses applied to crime after detection. These seven defenses can be split into two categories: discourage and oppose. The four ways which potential victims discourage their attackers: movement away from adversary, communicate ability to escape, distraction, feigns, and startles, and symbiotic protection. The three methods for quick opposition upon attack are chemical and weapon defense, sudden weaponry, and emergency social defense.

Since the attack of 9/11, many transit agencies have increased security measures and have taken multiple steps to improve security for all individuals involved in any travel system. Although many improvements have been made, such as traditional

When it comes to victimization there are many different theories and types of victims. Mendelsohn explains his theory through “situational victimization factors.” (Robert, 2013). Basically this boils down to the victim being at the wrong place, around other offenders, or in a high crime area. Hentig prefers to describe victims with “personal factors associated with victimization.” (Robert, 2013). Hentig believes things such as, a person’s social standing, childhood, or mental/emotional state determine their likely hood becoming a victim. Lastly we have Sellin and Wolfgang theory that situations determine someone becoming a victim.

Lifestyles play a big and critical role. According to the routine activities theory, people increase their chances of being victims of crime by engaging in criminal activity and living the lifestyle of a criminal. Man or woman has a want or a need. So when one criminal wants or needs something from another criminal, this leads to some criminals being victims themselves. Another characteristic is geographic location. Physical proximity is where individuals choose to live or hang out and plays a major role towards that individual being a victim of a crime. There are various places such as hotspots that are heavy populated urban city neighborhoods that have a higher rate of robbery and vandalism due to the location which increases the likelihood of becoming a victim. Some individual traits such as mental disorders, puberty, low self-esteem, and childhood problems have a distinct relationship towards a person being involved in a criminal act or crime. These traits can help explain why some may be at a higher rate of victimization. These traits can also help explain how some criminals are able to deceive, manipulate, and take advantage of their victims because of the problems that victims often do exhibit. The results that are the most shocking is that offenders and victims share things in common. It turns out that about eighty-four percent of crimes are committed by young white males.

The central idea of the book focuses on practical ideas and specific crime problems and what to do about each. Although this book covers various topics, I am going to discuss the big crime problems and how to reduce each crime problem.

Situational crime prevention is the prevention theory and implementation that focuses mainly on specific types of crime, and relies heavily on preparation. People who focus on situational crime prevention follow more with the idea that people commit crimes as an opportunity and not because of biological or psychological discriminants. A simple way to look at situational crime prevention is to use the speed bump, while some may limit the value of its effectiveness, a speed bump removes the opportunity to speed and therefore performs its duty. Similarly situational crime prevention intends to do they same thing to other crimes, put a metaphorical speed bump in the way, and at least make it harder to commit those specific crimes. This type of prevention requires a belief that offenders make their own choices and that a less attractive option will prohibit an offense.

Has it ever crossed your mind that you are not always safe? Certain situations are more risky and treacherous. But some places are safer than other. For example your home, church, and even school. But are you real safe at any of those places? What keeps someone from coming in and just taking everything from right underneath you? Try to go back many, many, many years ago, do you remember going off to kindergarten on the first day of school, ever? Emotions flying through everyone, mom, dad, grandparents, and especially you. Worrying about will I like my teacher or will my best friend be in my class? These all seem like fairly large problems at the time,

Second, some communities have neighborhood watch, were you always have someone watching the neighborhood and report to the police and sometimes surveillance cameras which have proven to reduce criminalization. The last and most important approach to crime prevention to me is community policing. Community policing doesn’t just deter crimes but it gives the community special connection with the police officer and the police department. This trusting relationship will in turn be helpful to the police officer because he practically know everyone in the community and the community will be more open to helping the police. The world is constantly changing, we have to change the way we do things so we can keep up with the world, if not we will only be moving

The theories of situational crime prevention as well as routine activity imply a series of opportunities available to criminals which could have been prevented if the victim had behaved in a different way (Bohm & Vogel, 2011). There are several offenses committed daily where some level of fault falls upon the victim. The situational crime prevention theory lists a reduction of opportunities as well as increased risks for being apprehended as way of reducing crime rates. A study conducted on situational crime prevention did prove the theory to be effective in several cases, it should be noted that it was not completely fail proof (Clarke, 1997). This study utilized deliberate acts of prevention to reduce crime, including surveillance, foot patrols,

According to Buscaglia & Dijk (2003), crime control theories are generally fundamental for intellects, professionals, security forces,

According to the Australian Government of Criminology (2017), Crime prevention is ‘an effective approach to reducing crime. It is internationally recognised as an important component of a national approach to building viable communities.’ This essay will examine the case of the kings Cross shooting that occurred in 2012, involving the Indigenous community, Sydney police and Society. it will cover the importance of Crime prevention and the strategies in which are ideal to maintain the safety and security of the community and the offender partaking in the crime. This essay will focus broadly on the perspective of Social Crime Prevention, and the importance it obtains to prevent crime from occurring.

The effects of crime on victim can have a mixed feeling about making a victim impact statement. They may want to tell the judge or parole hearing officer how the crime affected their life and yet they may be anxious because you don't know how to prepare an impact statement or you don't want to bring back bad memories by describing how the crime has hurt you. The victim impact statements may include descriptions of:

The focus of this paper will be based upon different crime prevention strategies implemented by members of the communities, local and government authorities.