Lewis Model Argumentative Essay According to the article The Lewis Model Explains Every Culture in the World, a British linguist Richard Lewis who is a world traveler plots a chat about the world’s cultures. It shows the countries in relation to three categories: Linear-actives, Multi-actives, and Reactives. He thinks that is a general tradition and the conclusions do not change significantly over time. Any of the national norms have deep roots. This article makes a summary of the identities of different countries. Lewis divides three types of cultures based on people from different areas. These conclusions are surely regularly followed. Environment can make a great influence to people, especially to their character. So even if there are some …show more content…
Mexico is accepting of a hierarchal order. People respect the power from higher management, following rules of management. On the other hand, Switzerland’s society believes that inequalities should be minimized. Here people think everyone should be treated equally among all rankings. Higher management is in favor of using lower ranking employee's experiences to better enhance organizations. In Switzerland, people are individualistic meaning that they work for to take care of their immediate family and themselves. Mexico is the opposite in that, society works in a sense as a group. People work and stay loyal in all relationships no matter what relationship they have together. And it's clear that Italians and Americans are very different culturally. They have huge disparities in Indulgence, long term orientation, uncertainty avoidance, and notable differences in individualism and power distance. Americans are very indulgent and show little restraint in having fun, wanting to party, and rewarding themselves. Italians are vastly different, they seldom indulge and most likely view American society as wrong or conflicting with their norms. Americans also think less long term compared to Italians. Americans seek instant gratification, while Italians tend to think more long term. Italians see reaching success as a steady walk, not a sprint. When focusing on their individualism, they are ‘me’ centered. This is found more in the Northern larger, more successful cities. Family and friends is definitely a big part of the Italian lifestyle but friend in a work setting can be different than a casual setting. For Italians, the way to happiness is found by self-fulfillment but it is not quite the same in Southern Italy. This individualist type of living is not as common so when traveling from southern Italy to Northern Italy, there is a difference in engagement between the
The chapter continued to discuss how people experience other cultures when they are removed from their area to a different place. This occurs in the form of culture shock people experience new traditions that are unfamiliar to them when the come to a place that is home to another culture. Human development may also include joining the ideas of various cultures and forming it into a new concept. It puts heavy emphasis on learning other cultures in an unbiased form in order to compare and make observations. This chapter also studies of culture have been able to advance over time and how change is an essential aspect of
This paper explores the cultural,
In Italy, they are taught at a young age that competition among each other is healthy. In the United States, they work overtime to prove that they're the best and are very much success driven people and being on top is important. In the Future Orientation trait, GLOBE score for Italy was 3.25, and United States was 4.15. In comparison both countries cultural are sensible and realistic when dealing with things.
The chapter elaborates on many environmental factors that could have impacted the difference noted in the culture and way of living for these two groups of people. The chapter continues with various examples supporting this thesis.
First of all, Kingston, using characterization, indicates the cultural difference between two countries by showing the characteristics of each character. Next, she uses conflicts in order to illustrate some conflicts due to the cultural difference. Lastly, using imagery, the author strongly argues her theme of the difficulties due to the cultural clash. All of individuals have different characteristic, different way to solve conflicts and different way to use imagery. The author of this book, uses all these three to argue the theme of when cultural clashes occurs in a family, is difficult to overcome
Culture is one of the most relevant elements that can define not only a society but also a country’s cumulative beliefs and system. Often noted as the origins of a country, culture is definitive in the sense that it harbors all the elements that can provide justification on the traditions and norms set by the society for its members. More often than not, the society members follow norms in order to create a harmonious community, and the beliefs and the traditions serve as the poles or grounding rules for each member to follow. Culture is very dynamic in the way that it can change over a variety of foreign influences but what is permanent about it is that original elements about it often lingers with the influences, therefore making it multi-faceted and broad. More importantly, culture serves as an individual and unique trait each society has, and therefore sets it apart from other countries and other societies.
Cultures can be defined as a system of interrelated fundamental perceptions of assumptions and symbols. The symbols convey an explicit message, and are shared among the group so that they become common knowledge. Unlike philosophy, the connections are implied, and conclude which leads to the symbolical expression of their rituals. Each person has a different perception of the world and a different interaction with human life. Different countries may use different symbols to convey their messages. Also, culture is a social type of glue that connects a group of people with reality. Furthermore, culture is a part of everyone’s life; one must embrace the culture to really understand the wonderful world. Philosophy is the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered an act of a guiding principle of behavior. This essay will contain sufficient evidence on the difference of high and low cultural context, failure of the Nimchill campaign and demonstrate the failure of ignoring the nature of culture as a tacit philosophy.
This paper will focus on the similarities and differences in cultures and how it relates to human resilience, struggles and faith. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the effects that culture, race, and class have on human behaviors and beliefs. The cross culture countries of analysis will be Guyana and Portugal which are situated at two opposite ends of the world. One major difference is Guyana, which is located in South America and Portugal in Southwestern Europe. Which makes this comparison even more compelling? With worlds so distant, one might expect to have fewer similarities. But as I began to categorize the similarities and difference on chart exhibit A, I was pleasantly surprised with the commonalities. First I developed a chart and compare the similarities and differences, which are listed above.
cultural historical experiences to give it a distinct social identity” (Peoples 367). In the 18th
In this paper I will begin by defining personal culture and national culture. After, I will then elaborate my own personal and national culture. I will continue to talk about the subject with the person that I have chosen for my cultural group, my mother, and I will identify her personal and national culture. Lastly, I will talk about my own personality and how it has a connection with my own natural culture; knowing this is important, it lets us know who we are, and how we act with people who are from different cultures.
Another relevant cultural model which may offer insight to businesses interested in expanding operations in different countries is the “Lewis Model” (Figure 6). Richard Lewis is a linguist cultural consultant who is best known as the founder of the “Berlitz School of Languages” (“Richard D. Lewis”, n.d.). Notably, Mr. Lewis has a unique understanding of Japanese Culture having spent several years living in Japan, where he was the personal tutor to Empress Michiko and five other members of the Japanese Imperial family (“Richard Lewis”, 2015). “Cultural behavior is the end product of collected wisdom, filtered and passed down through hundreds of generations as shared core beliefs, value assumptions, notions and persistent action patterns. In other words, culture is a collective programming of the mind, that distinguishes the members of one human group from another (Lewis, 2006).” However, there is an inherent danger of stereotyping associated with each of these cultural models. As Lewis wrote, "Determining national characteristics is treading a minefield of inaccurate assessment and surprising exception.” "There is, however, such a thing as a national norm (Lewis)." The “Lewis Model” suggests the culture, national norm, of every country falls into one of three distinct categories: Linear Active, Multi-active or Reactive. In this model, the Japanese culture is categorized as reactive, which suggests they are a listening culture. Reactive cultures are those who
Today more than ever, individuals and societies are built as an integration of different cultures and carry different characteristics that construct their unique identity.
Each person is different from one another and so as his culture. Culture differs for each region in a country and each country in a continent. To understand each other, each one should understand his own culture first then accept the reality that another person’s culture might slightly or be extremely different from his own.
It is well-know fact that different people have different opinion and this saying can be also used in the culture. For that reason, different cultures would make people have different behaviours.Culture can be defines as “the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one human group from another” (Hofstede 1984, p: 21). Culture is consisting of language, political, values, belief, food, cloth, etc. And those elements make people have different behaviours. Therefore, there are significance differences between two cultures and so does two national cultures.
First of all,the Lewis Model Argumentative essay show us that Lewis plots countries in relation to three categories : Linear-actives, Multi-actives and Reactives .And then give us some introductions about what the different between there three different categories and Lewis gave a detailed introduction to the specific content of these three categories .He help the reader understand how different concepts of time , the relevance of status and power in shaping organizational structure meetings and social gatherings , all influence how interactions with a specific culture can be made effective. People of different cultures share basic concepts .The point of all of this analysis is to understand how to interact with people from different cultures.In