Why Do Codes Make A Difference?

The corporate world has an unfavorable view of itself by being selfish, evil, and against the average American. Companies market themselves and their products in certain ways that makes them and their products appealing to everyone and if not everyone then a certain group of people. Every company has a mission to follow and values to go by, but some companies lack ethics and morals. In this paper I am going to talk about one company that engages in ethical behavior and another that doesn’t.

The term “ethics” is defined as moral principles that govern a person’s or group’s behavior. When speaking of business ethics, one is referring to the study, and examination of moral as well as social responsibility relating to business practices, also including its application to the four functions of management as well as the decision-making process in business (Batesman, pg.167). This internal factor can easily influence the how an organization goes about accomplishing the four functions of management. Wal-Mart, like most businesses believe they uphold ethical standards in their business practice. According to Wal-Mart’s statement of ethics, leading with integrity in a workplace is key to running a business (Wal-Mart Ethics pg.10). Leading with integrity, and expecting teammates to work with integrity is one of their main focuses- Wal-Mart’s original founder Sam Walton said,” that it has always been an ethically led company” (Wal-Mart Ethics pg.4). They follow their three basic beliefs: respect for individuals, service to the customers, and striving for excellence (Wal-Mart Ethics pg.5). Although organizations may have their code of ethics, they still come across the occasional ethical problem in the company. Wal-Mart for example, had an issue with an employee named, Chalace Epley Lowery. Lowery believed that another

We as business owners, management and or in a role of authority must set, address and comply with a solid foundation of ethics. “A code of conduct is the single most important element of your ethics and compliance program. It sets the tone and direction for the entire function. Often, the code is a standalone document, ideally only a few pages in length. It introduces the concept of ethics and compliance and provides an overview of what you mean when you talk about ethical business conduct.”

Finally, I believe is important for companies to follow ethical standards that could assist them to make responsible decisions. The ISO 26000 standards is a document that addresses responsible practices related to organizational governance, human rights, labor practices, the environment, fair operating practices, consumer issues and community involvement and development (Ajeti, S. R., 2016, para. 2-4). for example, When Chevron faces difficult situations, they try to resolve them by answering four questions: (1) is it legal? (2) Is it consistent with the company policy, including human rights policy? (3) is it consistent with the chevron’s core values? (4) if it were made public, would be I be comfortable? (Chevron, 2015, p.

Johnson and Johnson’s is a multi-billion dollar company that has been around for 129 years. The company was founded in 1886 by Robert Wood Johnson joined his brothers James Wood Johnson and Edward Mead Johnson to create a line of ready-to-use surgical dressings in 1885. The company produced its first products in 1886 and incorporated in 1887 (Johnson).Since then the company has built a reputation on its “Credo”. Simply stated, the first responsibility is to the doctors, nurses, patients, mothers and fathers who use the products then, employees, and finally shareholders. This lines up with the humanistic view of putting people over profits. As Johnson and Johnson’s grew, the company moved form a simple structure, offering just ready to use surgical dressings into a divisionalized form of many departments. With a host of products from band aids to high-margin medical devices: artificial hips and knees, heart stents, surgical tools and monitoring devices; and from still higher-margin prescription drugs targeting Crohn’s disease, cancer , schizophrenia , diabetes , psoriasis , migraines , heart disease and attention deficit disorder (Brill).This decentralized organization structure of management offered autonomy to mid and lower level manager . The issues that arose as the company grew under the structural from where Did Johnson and Johnson’s hide Risperdal study results from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Moreover, was there illegal marking of Risperdal?

Ethics must be global, not local. In order to build a truly great global business the leaders need to bring forward a global standard of ethical practices.

E codes represent an external cause that made a patient’s condition such as a motor vehicle accident or accidental overdose of a prescribed medication. E codes are assigned in addition to the diagnosis for the patient’s condition. E codes are never the first-listed diagnosis. Superficial or surface injuries include cuts, insect bites, blisters, and scratches. List separate codes for each kind of injury, unless there is a combination code that describes all of the injuries. Sequence the code for the most serious injury first. Don’t assign injury codes for normal, healing surgical wounds or surgical wound complications. A burn is an injury on the body that results from exposure to heat, electricity, or some types of radiation. ICD-9-CM classifies

In order to operate ethically in a global marketplace, corporations like Exxon Mobil need to define the conduct that they expect from their officers, executives, managers and employees. Without a defined code of conduct, employees feel forced to use their personal mores to determine what actions they should take in ethically ambiguous situations. Like children on a playground, employees need to know where the fences are so that they can work effectively.

Every business needs to establish a code of ethics. A code of ethics document will not only outline the companies mission, goals, and values, but it will also establish ethical business principles based on an organizations culture. Johnson & Johnson (J&J) is one of the many companies that have utilized a code of ethics

Today’s business world presents numerous ethical issues. In today’s world above board/moral ethics in organizations do not often materialize intuitively. Organization must strive to provide employees with a clear understanding of the overall company vision. This will aid employees in practicing the code of ethics, policies and procedures in the workplace. Companies must be unwavering in continuously delivering the uppermost ethics of provision in which customers, applicants and employees are entitled to under fair business practices. One major core value is to uphold responsible and fair business practices.

According to Saldana (2016), coding in qualitative analysis frequently refers to a word or a passage of text that symbolically attributes essence- capturing, salient, summative, and / or evocative attribute for a passage of text or visual information (p. 4).

Business ethics since the beginning of this decade has been slowly eroding; if we are to believe what we see and hear in the media. Several times a day, one can view some derogatory piece of information concerning a business. However, it must also be considered that these companies are contributing to that stigma. There have been a variety of companies and individuals who have figured prominently in the media concerning their unethical behavior.

Ethic is the hidden force of human behavior which is based upon one’s morals. Individuals of a specific group or profession have guidelines with were established to define acceptable behaviors known as the Code of Ethics. Various organizations within today’s society govern behaviors based upon the Code of Ethics to establish professional standards which increases the confidence of the professional, as well as the organization. With this being said, by incorporating the Code of Ethic in one’s daily practice demonstrates member of staff are committed to following the ethical guidelines to ensure the quality of care of their consumers (Bush, Connell, & Denney, 2006).

A company incorporating structures to guide executives that considers all the variables began with Robert Wood Johnson of Johnson & Johnson. In 1934, he wrote a credo which became a structure for other organizations to consider. The statement described that their responsibility was to all users of their products, and that the stockholders should realize a fair return without doing harm to a consumer (Johnson & Johnson, 1943). These principles established ethical guidelines for Johnson & Johnson and a model for other industries. ¬The United States Civil Rights Act of 1964, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 helped companies to become socially responsible (De George, 2015). Ethics and social responsibilities are evident with British Petroleum’s handling of the Deepwater Horizon spill in 2010, and Toyota Motor Corporation’s attempt to create an eco-friendly vehicle. Utilitarianism was exhibited by BP and moral idealism was Toyota’s motive to produce environmentally green vehicles.

Unwritten rules and shared values in the organization are clearly identified and completely explained. How they influence the organization is described, and specific examples are used to support and