1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Swifty's cash register showed the following totals at the end of the day on March 17: pre-tax sales $56,000, GST $2,800, and PST $3,920. Swifty remitted $49,000 of sales taxes owing from March to the government on April 30. Swifty received its property tax bill for the calendar year for $55,200 on March 31, payable May 31. Swifty recorded no entries pertaining to property tax during the current year prior to the receipt of this bill. Swifty paid its employees for the week of August 15 on August 20. The gross pay was $83,000. The company deducted $4,128 for CPP, $1,312 for El, $6,400 for pension, and $16,020 for income tax from the employees' pay. Swifty recorded the employer portions of CPP and El for the week of August 15 on August 20 for $4,128 and $1,837, respectively. On September 15, all amounts owing for employee income taxes, CPP, and El pertaining to the payroll transactions above were paid. On December 31, Swifty's legal counsel believes that the company will have to pay damages of $42,000 next year to a local utility company for failing to pay it on time during the current year. (Hint: This will affect the Utilities Expense account.)
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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