1. True/False: Partial equilibrium analysis only concerns supply or demand alone, whereas general equilibrium analysis concerns supply and demand simultaneously. 2. True/False: In general equilibrium analysis, an allocation is said to be as a reasonable allocation if each consumer consumes the same bundle its value is no more than the value of the consumer's income. 3. True/False: In general equilibrium analysis, an allocation is said to be as a reasonable allocation if each consumer consumes the same bundle its value is no more than the value of the consumer's income.

1. True/False: Partial equilibrium analysis only concerns supply or demand alone, whereas general equilibrium analysis concerns supply and demand simultaneously. 2. True/False: In general equilibrium analysis, an allocation is said to be as a reasonable allocation if each consumer consumes the same bundle its value is no more than the value of the consumer's income. 3. True/False: In general equilibrium analysis, an allocation is said to be as a reasonable allocation if each consumer consumes the same bundle its value is no more than the value of the consumer's income.

Microeconomic Theory

12th Edition

ISBN:9781337517942

Author:NICHOLSON

Publisher:NICHOLSON

Chapter6: Demand Relationships Among Goods

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6.9P

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Choose the correct answer. Coffee and doughnuts are complements in consumption. Suppose bad weather in the coffee producing regions of the world, which shifts the coffee supply curve leftward. How do the general equilibrium price and quantity outcomes compare to the partial equilibrium outcomes for this situation? A. General equilibrium price and quantity are higher. B. General equilibrium price is higher and quantity is lower. C. General equilibrium price is lower and quantity is higher. D. General equilibrium price and quantity are lower.
2: Assuming all necessary assumptions hold, discuss why every competitive equilibrium allocation is Pareto efficient but not every Pareto efficient allocation is a competitive equilibrium alloca- tion.
Two individuals, Fred and Helen, are in an economy with no production, and each have the utility function U = 10XY. Prices of both X and Y are set at $1. Initial endowments for Fred are 10 units of X and 6 units of Y. Helen has 8 units of X and 12 units of Y. Find the general equilibrium prices and allocation, then show that the G.E. allocation is Pareto efficient.
Which is the correct answer ? Coffee and doughnuts are complements in consumption. Suppose bad weather in the coffee producing regions of the world, which shifts the coffee supply curve leftward. How do the general equilibrium price and quantity outcomes compare to the partial equilibrium outcomes for this situation? A. General equilibrium price and quantity are higher. B. General equilibrium price is higher and quantity is lower. C. General equilibrium price is lower and quantity is higher. D. General equilibrium price and quantity are lower.
Jane has 11 liters of soft drinks and 10 sandwiches. Bob, on the other hand, has 9 liters of soft drinks and 10 sandwiches. With these endowments, Jane's marginal rate of substitution (MRS) of soft drinks for sandwiches is 6 and Bob's MRS is equal to 8. Draw an Edgeworth box diagram to show whether this allocation of resources is efficient. If it is explain why. If it is not, what changes will make both parties better off? Part 2 1.) Using the three-point curved line drawing tool, draw an indifference curve for Jane when consuming 11 liters of soft drinks and 10 sandwiches. Label this curve UJ. 2.) Using the three-point curved line drawing tool, draw an indifference curve for Bob when consuming 9 liters of soft drinks and 10 sandwiches. Label this curve UB.
3 Consider a pure exchange economy with 2 consumers and 2 goods. Consumer ? owns 8 units of good 1 and 1 unit of good 2, and his preference is represented by the following utility function: uA(x1, x2) = x1*x2. Consumer ? owns 2 units of good 1 and 4 units of good 2, and his preference is represented by the following utility function: uB(x1,x2)=x1+x2. Assume that the two consumers are allowed and able to trade with each other, and that good 1 is the numeraire. In this case, both consumers act as price-takers. Price takers: a market participant that is not able to dictate the prices in a market. Therefore, a price taker must accept the prevailing market price. Please find the competitive equilibrium of this pure exchange economy.
Explain why an economy in which airlines charge different passengers different prices for the same flight will not have exchange efficiency. b. Going back to our two good (Apples, Oranges), two person (Ed, Mary) economy, suppose that at a given allocation, Ed’s MRSAO is 3 and Mary’s MRSAO is 1. Use proof by contradiction to show that this allocation is not exchange efficient. Identify a trade that will increase the utility of Ed and Mary. Explain. Show this graphically (with indifference curves). Going back to our two good (Apples, Oranges), two person (Ed, Mary) economy, suppose that at a given allocation, Ed’s MRSAO is 3 and Mary’s MRSAO is 1. Use proof by contradiction to show that this allocation is not exchange efficient. Identify a trade that will increase the utility of Ed and Mary. Explain. Show this graphically (with indifference curves).
Assume you are spending your full budget and purchasing such amounts of X and Y that the marginal utility from the last units consumed is 40 and 20 utils respectively. Assume (a) the prices of X and Y are $8 and $4 respectively; (b) it takes 3 hours to consume a unit of X and 1 hour to consume a unit of Y; and (c) your time is worth $2 per hour. In equilibrium, if you included the opportunity cost of time then, you should substitute X for Y until the marginal utility per hour is the same for both products. should consume X and Y in the equal amounts. should consume less of Y and more of X. should consume less of X and more of Y.
Explain how non-convexity in choice can result in multiple optimal choices. Provide a graphical solution.
Use the Fundamental Theorem of Exchange and draw Edgeworth Box diagrams to show the conditions necessary for an 'efficient' allocation of two goods between two individuals. Use this model o evaluate the statement: "If two individuals have identical endowments of both goods there are no possible gains from trade". Hint: you need to develop your explanation of the theory and the efficiency conditions step-by-step. You need to draw several diagrams showing Edgeworth Box (rather than drawing one complicated crowded diagram).
Suppose a consumer has income of 1000, and buys pizza and coke. The price of pizza is 100 and price of coke is 50. Draw a budget line that represents the set of bundles this individual can afford if they use all their income. (Put movies on the X axis). Label the places where the budget line intercepts each axis and the slope of the line. Suppose that in consumer equilibrium this individual consumes 7 pizza and 6 coke. What rules must hold in consumer equilibrium? Label this bundle in your drawing (call it point “A”). Draw an indifference curve associated with this bundle, and explain how its slope at the equilibrium point relates to the slope of the budget line. Consider the bundle 2 pizza and 8 coke. Label this point. What can you say about the slope of the indifference curve that passes through the point? (For example, is it bigger than, equal to, or smaller than -1?) Now suppose that income goes up to 15oo. Illustrate how the budget constraint will change. If both goods are…
Assuming the two good case. When a person is attempting to maximize utility and income increases, then: a. The budget constraint expands, shifting the budget line outward indicating more choices are now affordable and a higher utility level is now possible. b. The budget constraint contracts, shifting the budget line outward indicating more choices are now affordable and a higher utility level is now possible. c. The budget constraint expands, shifting the budget line inward indicating more choices are now affordable and a lower utility level is now possible. d. The budget constraint contracts, shifting the budget line outward indicating more choices are now affordable and a lower utility level is now possible.