13 Figure 35-30 shows three situations in which two rays of sun-light penetrate slightly into and then scatter out of lunar soil.Assume that the rays are initially in phase. In which situation arethe associated waves most likely to end up in phase? (Just as theMoon becomes full, its brightness suddenly peaks, becoming 25%greater than its brightness on the nights before and after, becauseat full Moon we intercept light waves that are scattered by lunarsoil back toward the Sun and undergo constructive interference atour eyes. Before astronauts first landed on the Moon, NASA wasconcerned that backscatter of sunlight from the soil might blindthe lunar astronauts if they did not have proper viewing shields ontheir helmets.)(a)(b)(c)

Assume that the two rays are in phase initially. As we can see from the figure that only in…

Answered: 13 Figure 35-30 shows three situations…

Physics for Scientists and Engineers

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337553278

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter36: Wave Optics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 48CP: The condition for constructive interference by reflection from a thin film in air as developed in...

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Calculate the minimum thickness of an oil slick on water that appears blue when illuminated by white light perpendicular to its surface. Take the blue wavelength to be 470 nm and the index of refraction of oil to be 1.40.
Light of wavelength 5.00 102 nm is incident normally on a diffraction grating. If the third-order maximum of the diffraction pattern is observed at 32.0, (a) what is the number of rulings per centimeter for the grating? (b) Determine the total number of primary maxima that can be observed in this situation.
The condition for constructive interference by reflection from a thin film in air as developed in Section 36.5 assumes nearly normal incidence. What If? Suppose the light is incident on the film at a nonzero angle 1 (relative to the normal). The index of refraction of the film is n, and the film is surrounded by vacuum. Find the condition for constructive interference that relates the thickness t of the film, the index of refraction n of the film, the wavelength of the light, and the angle of incidence 1.
A water break at the entrance to a harbor consists of a rock barrier with a 50.0-m-wide opening. Ocean waves of 20.0-m wavelength approach the opening straight on. At what angles to the incident direction are the boats inside the harbor most protected against wave action?
You are told not to shoot until you see the whites of their eyes. If the eyes are separated by 6.5 cm and the diameter of your pupil is 5.0 mm, at what distance can you resolve the two eyes using light of wavelength 555 nm?
Figure 27.34 shows two 7.50-cm-long glass slides illuminated by pure 589-nm wavelength light incident perpendicularly. The top slide touches the bottom slide at one end and rests on some debris at the other end, forming a wedge of air. How thick is the debris, if the dark bands are 1.00 mm apart?
Show that a diffraction grating cannot produce a second-order maximum for a given wavelength of light unless the first-order maximum is at an angle less than 30.0°.
What angle would the axis of a polarizing filter need to make with the direction of polarized light of intensity 1.00kW/m2 to reduce the intensity to 10.0 W/m2?
Suppose the single slit in Figure 38.4 is 6.00 cm wide and in front of a microwave source operating at 7.50 GHz. (a) Calculate the angle for the first minimum in the diffraction pattern. (b) What is the relative intensity l/lmax at 0 =- 15.0? (c) Assume two such sources, separated laterally by 20.0 cm, are behind the slit. What must be the maximum distance between the plane of the sources and the slit if the diffraction patterns are to be resolved? In this case, the approximation sin tan 8 is not valid because of the relatively small value of a/.
Can a sound wave in air be polarized? Explain.
Light travels from air into glass. Which sketch in Figure 38.2 correctly shows the incident, reflected, and refracted beams? Hint: Consider the law of reflection (Section 37-2).
(a) The planet Pluto and its Moon Charon are separated by 19,600 km. Neglecting atmospheric effects, should the 5.08-m-diameter Mount Palomar telescope be able to resolve these bodies when they are 4.50109 km from Earth? Assume an average wavelength of 550 nm. (b) In actuality, it is just barely possible to discern that Pluto and Charon are separate bodies using an Earth-based telescope. What are the reasons for this?

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