15 cm bare oxidized steel (Ɛ = 0.79) pipe (16.8 cm O.D.) carrying steam at a high temperature is enclosed in a 30 x 30 cm red brick (Ɛ = 0.80) conduit having wall temperatures somewhat lower than the pipe diameter. What
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A 15 cm bare oxidized steel (Ɛ = 0.79) pipe (16.8 cm O.D.) carrying steam at a high temperature is enclosed in a 30 x 30 cm red brick (Ɛ = 0.80) conduit having wall temperatures somewhat lower than the pipe diameter. What percentage of the heat lost by radiation from the pipe would be saved if the conduit walls were painted with aluminum paint (Ɛ = 0.52)
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- Ethylene glycol is heated from 25°C to 40°C at a rate of 2.5 kg/s in a horizontal copper tube (k = 386 W/m·K) with an inner diameter of 2.0 cm and an outer diameter of 2.5 cm. A saturated vapor (Tg = 110°C) condenses on the outside-tube surface with the heat transfer coefficient (in kW/m2·K) given by 9.2/(Tg - Tw)0.25, where Tw is the average outside-tube wall temperature. What tube length must be used? Take the properties of ethylene glycol to be r = 1109 kg/m3, cp = 2428 J/kg·K, k = 0.253 W/m·K, m = 0.01545 kg/m·s, and Pr = 148.5.Design a hydrocooling unit that can cool fruits and vegetables from 30°C to 5°C at a rate of 20,000 kg/h under the following conditions: The unit will be of flood type that will cool the products as they are conveyed into the channel filled with water. The products will be dropped into the channel filled with water at one end and picked up at the other end. The channel can be as wide as 3 m and as high as 90 cm. The water is to be circulated and cooled by the evaporator section of a refrigeration system. The refrigerant temperature inside the coils is to be -2°C, and the water temperature is not to drop below 1°C and not to exceed 6°C. Assuming reasonable values for the average product density, specific heat, and porosity (the fraction of air volume in a box), recommend reasonable values for the quantities related to the thermal aspects of the hydrocooler, including (a) how long the fruits and vegetables need to remain in the channel, (b) the length of the channel, (c) the water…A fuel oil of 20 deg API (density = 934 kg/m3) is to be heated in a heater and has the following properties: Quantity of oil to be heated 3000L/hr Temp. of oil entering tubes 21C Temp. of oil leaving tubes 95C Heating fluid, steam enters at 105C and leaves as condensate at 85C. Assume specific heat of oil to be 2.093 kJ/kg-K. Take the over-all coefficient of heat transfer is as 140 W/m2-C. What is the rate of heat transfer to the oil? Group of answer choices 120.5 kW 150.2 kW 152.0 kW 125.0 kW
- A jacketted-agitated vessel, fitted with a turbine agitator, is used for heating a water stream from 10°C to 54°C. The average heat transfer coefficient for water at the vessel’s inner-wall can be estimated from Nu = 0.76Re2/3Pr1/3. Saturated steam at 100°C condenses in the jacket, for which the average heat transfer coefficient in kW/m2·K is ho=5 13.1(Tg - Tw)20.25. The vessel dimensions are Dt = 0.6 m, H = 0.6 m and Da = 0.2 m. The agitator speed is 60 rpm. Calculate the mass rate of water that can be heated in this agitated vessel steadily.Q2 : Room walls are composed of common bricks and outside and inside plaster layers with an overall heat transfer coefficient of 2.5 W / m² ° C . The outside air temperature is 15 ° C ( DBT ) and the inside design conditions are 23 ° C DBT , 55 % RH . Is condensation occur on the inside surface or not ? Take f = 8.26 W / m² ° C . SHIA power station uses oil-fired boilers which are supplied with fuel from 4 cylindrical tanks, each with 12 m diameter and 11 m high. The calorific value of the oil is 38,039 kJ/kg and its relative density is 0.78. The output from the power station is 77 MW. Assuming the only 21% of the heat input is converted to into electrical energy output, how long will the boilers run (in days) on the oil in the tanks. Correct Answer: 4.7 ± 0.1
- Industrial Pipes In very corrosive fluids, can the flow velocities in the pipes be high if the temperatures are low?The wall of a refrigerator is made of fiberglass insulation (k = 0.035 W/mK) glued between two 1 mm thick layers of metal plate (k = 15.1 W/mK). The refrigerated space is kept at 2°C, and the average heat transfer coefficients on the inner and outer wall surfaces are 4 W/m²K and 9 W/m²K, respectively. The average temperature in the kitchen is 24°C. It is observed that condensation occurs on the external surface of the refrigerator when the temperature of the external surface drops to 20°C. Determine the minimum thickness of fiberglass insulation that should be used on the wall to prevent condensation on the outside surface.Air at 2 atm and 200◦C flows inside a 1-in schedule 80 steel pipe with h=65 W/m2 · ◦C. A hot gas with h=180 W/m2 · ◦C flows across the outside ofthe pipe at 400◦C. Calculate the overall heat-transfer coefficient.
- Design a hydrocooling unit that can cool fruits and vegetables from 30 to 5 °C at a rate of 20,000 kg/h under the following conditions:The unit will be of the flooded type, which will cool the products when they are transported in the channel filled with water. Products will be dropped into the water filled chute at one end and collected at the other end. The channel can have a width of up to 3 m and a height of up to 90 cm. The water will circulate and be cooled by the evaporator section of a refrigeration system. The temperature of the refrigerant inside the coils will be 2°C, and the temperature of the water must not fall below 1.5°C and must not exceed 7°C.Assuming reasonable values for the average density, specific heat, and porosity of the product (the fraction of the volume of air in a box), recommend reasonable values for a) the velocity of the water through the channel and b) the flow rate refrigeration system cooling (QL). Compressor efficiency 75%. For the calculation of the…Design a hydrocooling unit that can cool fruits and vegetables from 30 to 5 °C at a rate of 20,000 kg/h under the following conditions:The unit will be of the flooded type, which will cool the products when they are transported in the channel filled with water. Products will be dropped into the water filled chute at one end and collected at the other end. The channel can have a width of up to 3 m and a height of up to 90 cm. The water will circulate and be cooled by the evaporator section of a refrigeration system. The temperature of the refrigerant inside the coils will be 2°C, and the temperature of the water must not fall below 1.5°C and must not exceed 7°C.Assuming reasonable values for the average density, specific heat, and porosity of the product (the fraction of the volume of air in a box), recommend reasonable values for a) the velocity of the water through the channel and b) the flow rate refrigeration system cooling (QL). For the calculation of the reasonable values…You are designing a piping system to facilitate the transfer of water from one industrialprocess to the next. You need the water to condense from saturated vapor to saturatedliquid at a constant 1000 kPa as it flows through the piping system. The pipe is to be madeof plain carbon steel with thermal conductivity ? = 60 W m-K⁄ and inner and outer radii?? = 5 cm and ?? = 7 cm, respectively. The thermodynamic property table at the end of thisproblem will be helpful throughout your analysis.a) If the convection coefficient between the steam and inner wall of the pipe is “verylarge”, what is the temperature of the inner pipe wall along its entire length?(Hint: Isobaric phase change is also iso___?)b) The fluid surrounding the pipe has temperature ?∞ = 30°C and the convectioncoefficient from the pipe to this fluid is ℎ = 100 W/m2⋅K. What is the heat transferrate out of the pipe, per unit meter of pipe? You may neglect radiation effects. Usea thermal resistance network in your analysis.c) The…