17) Codons are three-base sequences in mRNA that specify the addition of a single amino acid to the growing protein chain during translation. How do eukaryotic codons and prokaryotic codons compare? A) Prokaryotic codons usually contain different bases than those of eukaryotes. B) Prokaryotic codons usually specify different amino acids than those of eukaryotes. C) The translation of codons is mediated by tRNAs in eukaryotes, but translation requires no intermediate molecules such as tRNAs in prokaryotes. D) Codons are a nearly universal language among all organisms. 18) Which of the following processes occurs in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes? A) post-transcriptional splicing B) transcription and translation occur simultaneously C) translation in the absence of a ribosome D) gene splicing hozyme 19) Which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription in prokaryotes? A) RNA polymerase transcribes through the polyadenylation signal, causing proteins to associate ivity

17) Codons are three-base sequences in mRNA that specify the addition of a single amino acid to the growing protein chain during translation. How do eukaryotic codons and prokaryotic codons compare? A) Prokaryotic codons usually contain different bases than those of eukaryotes. B) Prokaryotic codons usually specify different amino acids than those of eukaryotes. C) The translation of codons is mediated by tRNAs in eukaryotes, but translation requires no intermediate molecules such as tRNAs in prokaryotes. D) Codons are a nearly universal language among all organisms. 18) Which of the following processes occurs in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes? A) post-transcriptional splicing B) transcription and translation occur simultaneously C) translation in the absence of a ribosome D) gene splicing hozyme 19) Which of the following statements best describes the termination of transcription in prokaryotes? A) RNA polymerase transcribes through the polyadenylation signal, causing proteins to associate ivity

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter13: Gene Expression

Section13.4: Translation

Problem 3C: A certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

a. If a single transition occurs in a codon that specifies Phe, what amino acids can be specified by the mutated sequence? b. If a single transversion occurs in a codon that specifies Phe, what amino acids can be specified by the mutated sequence? c. If a single transition occurs in a codon that specifies Leu, what amino acids can be specified by the mutated sequence? d. If a single transversion occurs in a codon that specifies Leu, what amino acids can be specified by the mutated sequence?
Since among the 64 codons of mRNA 61 codify amino acids that form polypeptide chains what are the functions of the three remaining codons?
If the mRNA transcribed for this gene will be translated into a functional protein, how many amino acids will be used to build the polypeptide chain? what is the amino acid coded by the 25th codon? what is the amino acid coded by the last codon?
The process of translation involves three distinct phases: initiation, elongation, and termination. Which of the following is an accurate statement of a molecular event that occurs during one of the phases? A. All phases of translation require the energy of ATP to fuel molecular processes. B. The first components to assemble in initiation are the large ribosomal subunit, mRNA, and the initiator tRNA molecule. C. A peptide bond forms between the new amino acid and the amino acid at the C-terminus of the growing polypeptide chain. D. Amino acids are added to the polypeptide chain that sits in the A site of the translation initiation complex.
Which of the following are stages of translation? Select all that apply. ---A tRNA binds to the second codon and its carried amino acid forms a peptide bond with methionine. ---When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, its subunits detach, and the mRNA and new polypeptide are released. ---As the ribosome moves from codon to codon, amino acids brought by successive tRNAs to the ribosome form a growing polypeptide. ---The binding of a tRNA to the third codon causes the ribosome to release the first tRNA and move to the next codon. ---Ribosomal subunits and a tRNA carrying methionine converge on the start codon of an mRNA.
Put the following events of elongation in prokaryotic translation in chronological order. 1. Binding of mRNA with small ribosomal subunit 2. Recognition of initiation codon 3. Complementary base pairing between initiator codon and anticodon of initiator tRNA 4. Base pairing of the mRNA codon following the initiator codon with its complementary tRNA 5. Attachment of the large subunit 2, 1, 4, 3, 5 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 1, 2, 3, 5, 4 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
What is the minimum number of tRNA molecules that a cell must contain in order to translate all 61 sense codons?
UAA is a stop codon. Why does the UAA sequence in the segment of mRNA 5′-G-C-A-U-G-G-A-C-C-C-C-G-U-U-A-U-U-A-A-A-C-A-C-3′not cause protein synthesis to stop?
The amino acid glycine is encoded by four codons: GGA, GGC, GGG, and GGU. Which of the following statements correctly explains this fact? The glycine anticodon contains the sequence CC, but the 5' base of the anticodon can pair nonspecifically with the 3' base of the codon. The glycine anticodon contains the sequence CC, but the 3' base of the anticodon can pair nonspecifically with the 5' base of the codon. Glycine tRNA has four anticodons, and the appropriate anticodon specifically pairs with the correct codon. There are four tRNAs for glycine, each of which has an anticodon that specifically pairs with the correct codon. all of the above
What is an Okazaki fragment, and how are they later “glued” together? What are the types and major functions for each type of RNA? Define transcription and translation. Which process occurs first to make protein from DNA? In what direction does a polymerase move when synthesizing a strand of mRNA? What mRNA sequence is synthesized from a section of DNA that is 3’-TTGACCT-5’?
Which of the following best describes the initiation of translation? A. The mRNA binds the large ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and an rRNA with methionine is bound to the start codon. B. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and the large subunit is recruited. C. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and a tRNA with methionine is bound to the start codon. D. The mRNA binds the small ribosomal subunit. The start codon is identified and the tRNA with methionine enters the A site.
How many amino acids will the mRNA sequence "AUG GAC CUG UCG UGA" produce?