29. Eleven cities are ranked according the their pollution levels and occurrence of pulmonary diseases. Is there any relation between pollution and pulmonary disease ? lonsM Comment on the findings : City .00S.S C G J K Pollution 4 7. 9 01 10 3 8 11 : 6. 0. 1. Pulmonary Disease 4 3 1 11 10 9. : 008,S 4. 11 D.
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- A doctor is concerned about the relationship between blood pressure and irregular heartbeats.Among her patients, she classifies blood pressures as high, normal, or low and heartbeats asregular or irregular and finds that:• 16% have high blood pressure;• 19% have low blood pressure; • 17% have an irregular heartbeat;• of those with an irregular heartbeat, 35% have high blood pressure; and• of those with normal blood pressure, 11% have an irregular heartbeat.What percentage of her patients have a regular heartbeat and low blood pressure?4. A pharmaceutical company wants to test whether the incidence of side effects (i.e. adverse events)differs between the treatment and placebo groups at theα= 0.05. Letp1= the proportion of subjects in the treatment groups who experienced at least one adverse event and letp2= the proportion of subjects in the placebo group who experience at least one adverse event. 8 out of 30 people in the treatment group experienced at least one adverse event and 5 out of 30 people in the placebo group experienced at least one adverse event. (a) Set up the null and alternative hypothesis (using mathematical notation/numbers AND interpret them in the context of the problem) (b) Calculate the test statistic (c) Calculate the critical value (d) Draw a picture of the distribution of the test statistic under H0. Label and provide values for the critical value and the test statistic, and shade the critical region. (e) Make and justify a statistical decision at theα= 0.05 level and state your conclusions in…Develop two research hypotheses: (a) one that would be used to examine differences between two unrelated groups and (b) one that would examine differences between two dependent groups.
- 5. Suppose a quarterback’s completion percentage for the season is 67.2%. Based on relative frequency, is it more likely that he will complete his next two passes or that at least one ofthem will be incomplete?One strategy that may have an impact on employee retention, turnover and engagement is a successful employee recognition program. Surveying small organizations, those with 500 to 2,499 employees, and large organizations, those with 10,000 or more employees, a survey organization showed that346(79%)of the 440 small organizations have employee retention programs as compared to 173 (88%) of the 196 large organizations. a. At the 0.01 level of significance, is there evidence of a significant difference between organizations with 500 to 2,499 employees and organizations with 10,000 or more employees with respect to the proportion that have employee recognition programs? a.Determine the null and alternative hypotheses, where π1 is the population proportion of organizations with 500 to 2,499 employees with employee recognition programs and π2 is the population proportion of organizations with 10,000 or more employees with employee recognition programs. b. Determine the…Lin Chi-Ling works for an insurance company and is studying the relationship between types of crashes and the vehicles involved in passenger vehicle occupant deaths. As part of your study, you randomly select 4270 vehicle crashes and organize the resulting data as shown in the contingency table. At α = 0.05 can you conclude that the type of crash depends on the type of vehicle? Vehicle Type of crash Car Pickup Sport utility Single-vehicle 1237 547 479 Multiple-vehicle 1453 307 247 What is the Chi-square test statistics and the decision for this question. The Test statistics is . Leave answers in 3 decimal places. DECISION: We the null hypothesis.
- Suppose that 80% of 3–4-year-old children and 70% of5–8-year-old children in a village are vaccinated with QIVvaccine. Also assume that children who are not vaccinatedhave twice the incidence of influenza as the control groupin Table 3.7.3.29 What % of 3–4-year-old children in the village will getinfluenza?3.30 What % of 5–8-year-old children in the village will getinfluenza?3.31 Suppose we identify a 5–8-year-old child with influenzain the village but are uncertain whether the childwas vaccinated. If we make the same assumptions as inProblems 3.29–3.30, then what is the probability that thechild was vaccinated? (Hint: Use Bayes’ rule here.)A sociologist wants to investigate the question, "Is there a relationship between texting during class and grade-point-average (GPA) among high school seniors in a large district?" Which study design is most appropriate? Before the semester starts, randomly select 40 seniors from each high school who do not text during class. Assign 20 to the texting treatment group (text three or more times during every class meeting) and 20 to the control group (no texting during class). At the end of the semester, obtain each student’s GPA from the appropriate admissions and records office. Compare the GPA of students who routinely text during class to the GPA of students who do not text during class. Before the semester starts, randomly select 40 seniors from each high school who do not text during class. Assign 20 to the texting treatment group (text three or more times during every class meeting) and 20 to the control group (no texting during class). At the end of the semester,…In a certain school district, it was observed that 25% of the students in the element schools were classified as only children (no siblings). However, in the special program for talented and gifted children, 93 out of 316 students are only children. The school district administrators want to know if the proportion of only children in the special program is significantly different from the proportion for the school district. Test at the α=0.01α=0.01 level of significance.
- Ashik is planning to propose to a girl he has a crush on in a grand way. He has decided to create an animation movie, conveying his love to his crush and he needs to estimate the total production time (labor-hours necessary) to produce the movie. Since he is so rich, he wants to use multiple big screens to project the movie and the mean production time for a random sample of 14 big-screen animated movie is found to be 53,500 labor-hours. Suppose that Ashik has managed to find out that the population standard deviation is 7462 labor-hours and the distribution of the production time is normal. 10 Construct a 98% confidence interval for the mean production time to produce a big-screen animated movieA group of students in Methods of Social Research wanted to study the relationship between GPA and participation in athletics among ENC traditional undergraduates. Other researchers have found that students involved in Division III athletics often have higher GPAs than the rest of the student body, so the group of students in Methods wanted to know whether this was true for ENC students. They were able to gather data on 160 ENC students (80 athletes and 80 non-athletes) and found that, among this group, the 80 athletes had slightly higher GPAs on average than the 80 students who were not athletes. In this study, who makes up the sample? Who makes up the population? Suppose they found in the sample data that the overall GPA for ENC athletes was 3.35 and for the ENC non-athletes was 3.21. Are these statistics or parameters?A school district started using a new criteria for selecting which students entered their "accelerated" math track, starting in 6th grade. The study found that under the new criteria about 75% of the students in the district were eligible for accelerated math in 6th grade, but that from one year to the next only about 2/3 of the students stayed in the accelerated track. a) Assuming that everyone who is eligible enrolls the first year, make a TABLE that shows the percent of the students in the district that would be expected to be enrolled in the accelerated track each year from 6th grade until 10th grade. Please show the work you used to fill in your table. b) Considering that from one year to the next about 2/3 of the students stay in the accelerated track, is there a grade level in which you'd expect about 1/10 as many students in the accelerated track as there were in 6th grade? Does the number of students in the accelerated track in 6th grade affect your answer? Please show your…